Passing the 1,000th day of civil conflict in January 2026, the humanitarian situation in Sudan remains the world’s most desperate and most neglected crisis. On top of the ever-growing death toll and alarming reports of widespread sexual violence, observers and international bodies have accused both the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) of the weaponization of hunger, with Sudanese civilians bearing the brunt of this cruelty. On Feb. 19, 2026, the U.K. foreign secretary, Yvette Cooper, alongside European and international collaborators, signed a Joint Ministerial Statement on Protection of Civilians and Humanitarian Operations in Sudan, which they hope will signal a move away from rhetoric and toward action in addressing the atrocities.
Weaponization of Hunger: The Effects and Mechanics
The World Food Program (WFP) has confirmed famine in two parts of the country, El Fasher in the west and Kadugli in the south. Here, 375,000 people face the most drastic level of food insecurity according to the globally ratified Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC), Level 5. Elsewhere, moreover, more than 21 million people, nearly half of the country’s population, are suffering from acute levels of food insecurity.
The impact on food security is not an unfortunate by-product of the conflict. Instead, the two warring civil factions have orchestrated it as a war tactic. It has resulted from numerous sustained aid blockages as well as targeted attacks on humanitarian workers and volunteers. Of course, the disruption to domestic food production and increased food prices have exacerbated the crisis.
The U.K.’s Pledge
With neighboring Arab stakeholders bankrolling both sides and both militaries becoming more obstinate in their ambitions, the conflict shows little to no sign of halting. In response, voices across the world have amplified pleas for the conflict to end.
In an address to the Commons on Feb. 5, Yvette Cooper outlined the U.K.’s current status as a major contributor to foreign aid in Sudan, with pledges to increase aid given the current climate. “In December, the U.K. provided an additional £21 million for food, shelter and health services,” she said, amounting to a total of £146 million that has served 800,000 people over the past year.
Cooper’s other contribution has been diplomatic. She recently traveled to Addis Ababa and to Chad, where she held meetings with foreign ministers and members of the African Union to discuss opening aid channels, expanding the currently limited arms embargo and possibilities of engendering a temporary ceasefire.
Responding to the secretary of state’s statement, two MPs explicitly brought up the issue of weaponized hunger in Sudan and questioned whether the government was taking appropriate measures to confront it. Harpreet Uppal, the Labour MP for Huddersfield, and Jim Shannon, Strangford’s DUP representative, called for urgent increases in funding from the U.K. and international partners as well as increased U.N. presence in the worst-affected areas of Kadugli in South Kordofan and risk zones in Darfur and Kordofan. Though they welcomed the increased attention the U.K. government is giving to the humanitarian crisis, they believe more remains to be done.
Monica Harding, MP for Esher and Walton, called for effective intervention in Sudan’s gold trade, control of which is a constant battleground for the SAF and RSF and the profits from which fund a considerable portion of both operations. The U.K. and its allies need to impose sanctions, she argues, and expand the arms embargo “beyond Darfur to the whole country.” In the short term, she emphasizes that a ceasefire is essential if parties are to reopen humanitarian corridors safely.
Cooper reassured the Commons that she had met with the U.N. secretary-general and the U.N. emergency coordinator, Tom Fletcher, who confirmed that the Quad, a temporary alliance of Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the UAE and the U.S. formed to establish a humanitarian truce in Sudan, was discussing those topics. They are also “pressing for much greater humanitarian access.” Though MPs may welcome the government demonstrating concern with confronting the Sudanese crisis, bolstered by increases in foreign aid, for now, they only have verbal affirmation.
International Input
In the same Commons session, Adam Jogee MP turned attention beyond the U.K. and demanded an update on the contribution European allies are making. He asked Cooper to clarify what France, Italy, Spain and Ireland are doing to end the humanitarian crisis and the weaponization of hunger in Sudan. In response, Cooper reminded the chamber of an upcoming conference that will take place in Berlin in April and aims to discuss funding for an effective humanitarian aid program in the region.
Elsewhere, it is also important to mention the United States, which, despite budget cuts, has joined other nations in increasing the foreign aid directed to Sudan. On Feb. 3, the United States and the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) held a joint conference centered on raising funds to address the situation. In total, donors pledged to contribute $1.5 billion to the Sudan Humanitarian Fund, which distributes money to various NGOs and U.N. agencies. Some critics have questioned the sincerity of these pledges due to the conflicts of interest among some of the countries involved.
As Sudan’s war continues, the WFP’s confirmation of famine and the obstruction of aid by warring factions highlight the deliberate weaponization of hunger. Despite pledges of increased support and diplomacy from Yvette Cooper and international partners, enforceable action, including sanctions, expanded embargoes and protected humanitarian access, may prove necessary if starvation is not to remain one of the conflict’s most devastating weapons.
– Jude Parsons
Jude is based in London, UK and focuses on Politics for The Borgen Project.
Photo: Flickr
Vocational Education Training Centers in Bulgaria
Bulgaria’s History
Recent history of not just Bulgaria, but the entire region of the Balkan peninsula has not been in the favor of the people living there and provided a substantial obstacle for the reform and redevelopment of these institutions. After World War 2, Bulgaria became part of the Soviet Union and it imposed its same communist ideology onto its new puppet. As described in Christopher J. Smith’s thesis on the subject “A centrally planned economy was one of the main tenets of communist ideology. Working ‘for the good of society,’ industrial and agricultural output was determined not by supply and demand, but by central administrators.”
Essentially, they were to shield the negative effects of business from the economy by having the government centrally plan the entire thing. While that seems all right on paper, in reality, it diminishes peoples’ incentive to learn the skills they need for a job when the government will just assign someone to it. That philosophy resulted in the vocational institutions of Bulgaria and it worked well during that time.
Vocational Education Training Centers in Bulgaria
When communism fell and the nation was looking to transition into a free-market economy, it just couldn’t keep up. Inflation rose to historic highs, making the currency almost worthless, and people in general just couldn’t afford to get groceries or heat up their homes. However, as the years of the regime recede further and further into the past, reforms have gradually made their way into the system and the results can be seen from the databases the European Center for the Development of Vocational Training keeps on the member states.
It describes drastic measures that the Bulgarian government took in recent years to establish “centers of vocational excellence” and they are described as “funded by the Bulgarian Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) and are located in leading VET schools across the country. Their aim is to equip students with high-demand skills for the evolving labor market and to foster regional innovation ecosystems.” Bulgaria has established 28 of these CoVEs already and the result is to strengthen the collaboration between education and businesses and local communities.
Mission Possible and the Bulgarian Industrial Association
A specific school in Bulgaria called Mission Possible is actively offering courses for trades such as internet maintenance and hotel services, while also serving disadvantaged communities. In June 2025 alone, 20 women in the city of Sliven who have lost their factory jobs enrolled in the program. These women never had experience with information technology before enrolling and they eventually completed their certification. The course helped these women find jobs and be able to provide for their families.
The Bulgarian Industrial Capital Association runs a more national program. It has bases providing vocational training in every major city in the country, including training in industries like business management/administration, production and architecture/construction. Students completing courses at these centers receive the equivalent of a college degree in their respective industries. This provides a fresh start for those that wish to renew their lives and have a new chance at life.
– Alexander K. Petrov
Photo: Flickr
Poverty Reduction in Italy Strengthens Communities
Because of these challenges, the Italian government and partner organizations have pursued policies and programmes that support families, help people find work and improve local economies as part of broader poverty reduction in Italy efforts. These actions focus on income support, job services, skills training and community development.
Income Support and Job Services
Even though income support helps families meet basic needs, long‑term stability often depends on access to employment opportunities. Italy’s Citizens’ Income program, which was in place until 2024, provided conditional financial assistance to low‑income households alongside job training and job search support. The program helped many families connect with employment services while easing short‑term financial stress.
When individuals receive both financial assistance and employment support, they have a better chance of finding stable work. Government employment centres across Italy provide job search assistance, vocational reviews and connections to employers. These services help people transition from immediate support to long‑term economic independence.
Nonprofit Organizations Supporting Vulnerable People
While government programs are important, nonprofit organizations also play a key role in helping communities respond to economic hardship. Caritas Italiana is one of Italy’s largest charities that works directly with people experiencing poverty and exclusion.
Caritas works with a network of local groups across Italy to provide food assistance, counselling, basic services and community support. It also promotes inclusive education and training for vulnerable people such as youth and families struggling with financial hardship. These services help people build confidence, access services and find work when they are ready.
In addition to direct services, Caritas conducts research on poverty and social exclusion so that policymakers and civil society can better understand the root causes of economic hardship and develop effective responses. The organization also coordinates with Catholics charities across Europe to broaden its support network.
Education and Workforce Development
Although income support and immediate services help families meet basic needs, long‑term stability often depends on people gaining employment and important skills. According to the OECD Employment Outlook, Italy’s unemployment rate has declined in recent years but still remains above the OECD average and job growth could be moderate in the near future. These trends show how critical workforce development and labour market programmes are for increasing opportunities for people at risk of poverty.
While employment support is essential, government and EU programs for training and labour inclusion also play a key role. Italy’s National Program for Guaranteed Employability of Workers (GOL) is an active labour market policy that offers retraining, skills upgrading and job placement services to unemployed and vulnerable workers. The program has already reached hundreds of thousands of people, and that number could hopefully increase in the future.
Because lifelong learning and skills development boost a person’s chances of finding work that pays a living wage, ongoing education initiatives are important for future progress. According to a survey by European training authorities, adult participation in learning increased in Italy in recent years, and reforms tied to national recovery plans aim to strengthen vocational training and workforce readiness across sectors. These efforts help individuals adapt to evolving labour market demands and improve their economic prospects.
Progress and Path Forward
Even though regional inequalities and economic hardship still affect many families, coordinated policies and partnerships show that poverty can be addressed through targeted solutions. Employment initiatives, income support services and education programmes work together to help people build confidence, connect with employers and gain stable incomes. These efforts contribute to broader poverty reduction in Italy by giving people stronger tools to support themselves and their families.
Since improving economic opportunity is an ongoing process, continued investment in workforce development, social services and community programmes could be essential for sustained poverty reduction in Italy and the well-being of future generations.
– Anaisha Kundu
Photo: Flickr
How the Sehlumile Project is Saving Girls’ Education in Zimbabwe
In addition, 62% of girls in Zimbabwe miss school during their periods, which demonstrates that the stigma surrounding a woman’s body is costing much more than a pink tax. There is a global poverty of information happening, derived from cultural shame and a lack of understanding about women’s health.
Girls’ Education in Zimbabwe
It may come as no surprise that Zimbabwe struggles with female school attendance, given the issues with feminine health care and period poverty. In fact, when UNICEF reviewed 50 studies on menstrual hygiene management (MHM), it found that dysmenorrhea, or period pain, was a major complaint amongst teenage girls, yet despite the effect on their quality of life and these girls’ education, medical care was not sought out.
These reviews also showed the reasons for this inaction, being that the same girls felt shame and low self-esteem due to embarrassment. In Zimbabwe, 70% of rural schools reported having no clean water or soap needed for menstruating girls. The 62% of girls missing school due to this issue of shame equates to a lost 20% of the school year.
Further research shows that only 14% of girls finish higher secondary level education. This drastic drop in the completion of girls’ education emphasises the obstacle of ignoring feminine health care, as does the fact that 76.5% of women, as of 2024, work in vulnerable employment. The absence of a formal and comprehensive education has immeasurable knock-on effects for a girl’s future economic opportunities, and therefore, the intersectionality between female health care, girls’ education, and professional exclusion is unavoidable.
The Efforts
None of this is to say that work is not being done. Charities and NGOs are working to encourage girls to stay in school, such as Education Out Loud, which interviews and empowers young girls in primary school. One girl, Tabeth Jasi, stated, “When I came to Nyakabau Primary School, I identified Period Poverty as a barrier to education,” and detailed how 15 of every 20 girls regularly missed school during their periods, losing up to four days every month. Working to instil pride and confidence in young girls before they feel the effects of socially embedded shame is invaluable to promoting their education, medically and academically speaking.
A group that highlights the shifting mindset in Zimbabwe are the Zimbabwe Medical Students Association (ZiMSA), which has worked to unite and represent the issues previously sidelined in their health care system. One of its projects is the Sehlumile initiative, which translates to “she has sprouted”. A transformative project such as this reframes the idea of female health care, rewriting the narrative of stigmatised menstruation. Sehlumile started in 2021, at a time when there was a gross secondary level enrolment rate of 46% for girls.
The initiative helped distribute more than 600 reusable pads, reaching more than 100 girls in awareness training and support sessions, and recording that 50% of girls in Zimbabwe now have better access to resources and information, which has allowed them to stay in school.
The Future
The effect ZiMSA and Sehlumile have had on the country can be seen at a political level as well as an educational one. In the 2025 national budget, Zimbabwe’s government allocated approximately $3.27 million to provide free feminine hygiene resources in schools to safeguard girls’ education, according to Education Out Loud. This contribution reinforces the government’s efforts on their Girls’ Education Accelerator (GEA) grant that aims to improve their schools’ infrastructure to create a more equal environment that further decreases female dropout rates.
The landscape of female health care and education in Zimbabwe looks brighter thanks to the efforts of these students and volunteers, and the hope is that with continued efforts, all girls will have the resources to follow any path they desire, uninhibited by a lack of confidence or knowledge.
– Jaya Noonan
Photo: Flickr
Clean Water Access in Sub Saharan Africa Expands
Water Access Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, more than 400 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa lack access to safely managed drinking water services. Many families must travel long distances each day to collect water from rivers, ponds or unsafe wells. This often affects women and children the most, as they are typically responsible for collecting water. In many communities, children miss school because they must spend hours each day helping their families gather water. Unsafe water also contributes to diseases such as cholera, diarrhea and typhoid, which remain major health risks across the region.
The economic impacts of limited water access are also significant. When families spend hours collecting water, they have less time for work, education or other opportunities that could help them escape poverty. In rural communities, a lack of clean water can also reduce agricultural productivity and limit food security. Improving water systems can therefore strengthen both health and economic stability.
Organizations Expanding Water Access
Several organizations are working to expand clean water access in Sub-Saharan Africa through sustainable projects and innovative technologies. One of the most well-known organizations is Water.org, a nonprofit that helps communities finance water and sanitation solutions. Through its WaterCredit initiative, the organization has helped more than 68 million people gain access to safe water or sanitation by providing small, affordable loans for household water systems.
Another organization making progress is charity: water, which funds community water projects in developing countries. Since its founding, the organization has supported more than 111,000 water projects in 29 countries, helping bring clean water to millions of people. These projects include drilling wells, installing filtration systems and building rainwater collection systems designed to provide safe drinking water for years.
Technology Supporting Water Solutions
Technology is also playing an increasing role in addressing water challenges. Solar-powered water pumps and advanced filtration systems allow communities to access safe water without relying on expensive fuel or electricity. In some areas, digital monitoring tools track performance and help ensure systems continue operating efficiently.
Experts working in water development emphasize that long-term success requires community involvement. Local training programs help residents maintain water infrastructure and manage resources responsibly. When communities participate in the planning and management of water systems, projects are more likely to remain sustainable over time.
The Bigger Picture
Although challenges remain, progress in clean water access in Sub-Saharan Africa demonstrates how collaboration between governments, nonprofits and communities can create meaningful change. Expanding access to safe water improves health, supports education and strengthens economic opportunity. Continued investment in water infrastructure and technology will be essential to ensure that more communities across the region gain reliable access to one of life’s most basic necessities.
– Nishanth Pothapragada
Photo: Flickr
Humanitarian Aid in Sudan & Gaza: Celebrities Raise $5.5 Million
The Inspiration
This concert was very different from typical fundraising events, as none of the music directly addressed the atrocities occurring around the world right now; in fact, all the artists were focused solely on creating a good atmosphere. The love and effort put into this event are evident in interviews with the co-hosts, such as Sudanese artist Mustafa the Poet, who has organized similar events in London and New Jersey and often speaks of artists’ power to spread empathy. Furthermore, Hadid spoke at length about her Palestinian heritage and the community and rich traditions in which she was raised.
The breadth of artists who volunteered to perform at the LA concert was evident in the range of genres: from Mendes and rock bands to a surprise performance from Chappell Roan. The artists split the proceeds equally between the Sudanese American Physicians Association and the Palestine Children’s Relief Fund. Not only are these organizations close to the hearts and heritages of some of the hosting artists, but they are also at the forefront of delivering humanitarian aid in Sudan and Gaza.
What these organizations do is something rare and complex at a time when these regions can be rife with corruption and political agendas.
Significance
This event not only raised substantial funds for humanitarian aid in Sudan and Gaza but also demonstrated how celebrities and artists can leverage their enormous platforms for advocacy and humanitarian efforts. In a time when we read about so much violence and hatred on all media outlets, readers may feel overwhelmed and detached from current affairs. However, events such as “Artists for Aid” can be incredibly refreshing, as they strengthen messages of love and community, which have made the past three concerts so successful.
The dollars raised in the recent LA concert will reach tens, if not thousands, of Palestinian and Sudanese children, who are currently in dire need of immediate humanitarian relief. In an era when many may feel helpless, events such as these serve a vital purpose by reminding us of the power of community. Moreover, “Artists for Aid” should serve as a reminder to other artists and A-list celebrities of the power of their platforms and the boundless possibilities for using them for good.
– Vittoria Cortese
Photo: Flickr
Just Be A Child: Volunteers in the UK Improve Education in Kenya
Kwale County Programs
Just Be A Child began its work in Kenya’s Kwale County, where access to educational resources, training and safe spaces for children to learn and play was limited. To address this, the organization built libraries and learning centers in 40-foot shipping containers. These centers provide a place for all community members to access books, skills training and play-based learning programs.
Now, the organization has six libraries set up in Kenya. These libraries engage residents as community members convert shipping containers and local volunteers are trained to run the spaces. The libraries are stocked with thousands of books and are restocked annually by Just Be A Child. Each library also includes a playground, giving children a space to play alongside accessing educational resources.
Library Starter: Small Books Donation Scheme
This scheme provides approximately 1,000 books to public benefit organizations that apply. The organization charges 5,000 Kenyan Shillings (about $40) for four boxes of books, each containing approximately 250 books. It has so far delivered more than 50,000. This helps schools and other community organizations set up and maintain libraries, improving educational access for children in the area.
Library Builder: Large Book Donation Scheme
This scheme provides anywhere from 1,000 to 30,000 books to NGOs, government bodies, schools and community groups. It offers a wide range of books at affordable rates to help create learning environments with varied materials that might otherwise be difficult to access. This supports literacy and learning for local children and communities, further improving education in Kenya.
Dr. Kathleen Anangwe from the University of Nairobi told Just Be a Child: “JBAC helped us establish in a community that lost hope after forceful resettlement. Now they flourish and thrive.”
Targeted Giving
This program ensures that books, toys and sports kits donated to Just Be A Child reach the places where they are most needed. For example, specialized books are given to students, professors or educational institutions that require them. In contrast, toys are given to vulnerable children who may need comfort and support.
The organization’s U.K. programs revolve around volunteering. These include book packers, the Art Brigade and the Crafters Crew. Book packers help count, organize and pack donated learning supplies.
The Art Brigade provides art sessions for children in Kenya, equipping them with the skills and resources to express themselves creatively. The Crafters Crew knits, crochets or sews to provide handmade baby blankets, clothes and knitted toys to vulnerable children across Kenya. Volunteers who sew also donate fabric bags for Kenyan schoolchildren to help them physically access school.
All of this allows U.K. volunteers to feel personally involved in improving education in Kenya.
The Impact of Just Be A Child
Just Be A Child reports that it has trained more than 17,000 teachers and volunteers in Kenya, reaching around five million readers and creating or stocking almost 60 libraries. Across these libraries, it has distributed more than a million books and engaged 3,500 school-aged children across Kenya.
The impacts have also been extensive in the U.K., with the organization engaging more than 5,000 participants and nearly 800 corporate volunteers. It has also helped save more than a million books from landfill.
Final Remarks
Just Be A Child is an organization that supports improving education in Kenya. While it does accept monetary donations, the ability to donate books and handmade items makes it a great option for those who may not have the means to give money. This allows the organization to engage a wider range of people across the U.K., raising awareness of the impact international aid can have.
– Ryan Cowen
Photo: Flickr
Inside the $1.2 Billion US–DRC Health Partnership
What the Deal Could Mean for the DRC
The partnership spans from 2026 to 2031, with $900 million in targeted U.S. government assistance and $300 million in gradually increased domestic health expenditure from the DRC government.
The DRC’s volatile history means that despite progress in recent years, the national health system continues to face significant challenges. Disparate access to health care, a shortage of medical personnel and damage to health infrastructure caused by ongoing conflict are not issues that can be resolved through short-term emergency funding.
Substantial long-term investment aimed at expanding and stabilizing the DRC’s health system could therefore present an opportunity. Beyond supporting the fight against infectious diseases, the deal also aims to strengthen maternal and child health services, improve national epidemiological surveillance and enhance preparedness and response to health emergencies. If implemented effectively, it could represent progress in addressing recurring public health emergencies.
Concerns Surrounding the Agreements
Before Donald Trump came into office, USAID previously provided health grants to many of the African countries that have now entered bilateral agreements. These funding routes were closed under the Trump administration due to concerns that aid channeled through nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) resulted in high overhead costs. However, while the new deals involve substantial U.S. investment, they represent an average 40% decrease in the health funding these countries received from the U.S. over the previous five years.
Moreover, despite promoting the goal of encouraging countries to match donor funds and reduce dependence on aid, certain elements of the MoUs have been labeled “exploitative” by several African countries.
Zimbabwe’s government declined a similar deal with the U.S. over concerns about national data protection. In exchange for U.S. funding, the proposed agreement involved extensive U.S. access to Zimbabwean health data without any guarantee of access to medical innovation such as vaccines or treatments. As explained by government spokesperson Nick Mangwana, Zimbabwe would “provide the raw materials for scientific discovery without any assurance that the end products would be accessible” to its population in the event of a health crisis.
For similar reasons, Kenyan courts suspended implementation of a $2.5 billion health aid deal with the U.S. last December after complaints about the potential sharing of Kenyans’ personal medical records under the agreement.
For the U.S., these deals also offer a way to support American pharmaceutical companies in developing and producing vaccines. In addition, distributing aid through bilateral agreements allows the administration to bypass multilateral aid frameworks that traditionally distribute decision-making power across donors and recipient countries.
Reasons for the DRC’s Acceptance
Despite concerns raised by other governments, the Democratic Republic of the Congo may view the agreement through a different strategic lens. The country faces one of the highest infectious disease burdens in Africa, including persistent outbreaks of Ebola, measles and cholera alongside high rates of malaria and tuberculosis.
Combined with ongoing conflict in eastern provinces and decades of underinvestment in public health infrastructure, these pressures have left the national health system heavily dependent on external support.
For Kinshasa, the scale and stability of the U.S. commitment may outweigh potential concerns surrounding oversight provisions. The agreement promises sustained investment over a five-year period and requires increased domestic spending, potentially helping stabilize long-term health financing rather than relying on short-term emergency interventions. In addition, strengthening diplomatic ties with Washington may carry broader strategic benefits for a government navigating regional insecurity and economic constraints. In this context, the deal may represent not only a health partnership but also an effort to secure critical resources for a fragile health system.
Looking Ahead
The U.S.–DRC health partnership illustrates the evolving nature of global health diplomacy. For the DRC, the agreement offers an opportunity to strengthen disease surveillance, expand health care services and build resilience against future outbreaks. At the same time, the hesitation shown by other countries highlights the balance between securing vital funding and protecting national sovereignty over sensitive health data and research resources.
– Andrew Geddes
Photo: Flickr
IIW-BEK Program: Empowering Women in Kenya
IIW-BEK Program: Empowering Women in Kenya
Female entrepreneurs like Auma are benefiting from the Investing in Women in the Blue Economy in Kenya (IIW-BEK) program. The Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund (AECF) implemented the initiative in 2022 and Global Affairs Canada is funding it to empower female entrepreneurs in Kenya’s blue economy. IIW-BEK aims to eliminate systemic financial and policy barriers that have long discouraged women from gaining a foothold in the blue economy.
The project’s goals include creating about 1,490 direct jobs and benefiting roughly 1,560 women entrepreneurs and value-chain actors across the Lake Victoria Basin and coastal counties. The ongoing funding of this project shows that governments and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) recognize the importance of empowering female entrepreneurs beyond mere equity. It is also about sustaining the environment.
Kenya’s blue economy may contribute to many livelihoods. However, it is still male-dominated and its ecosystems continue to be challenged. Canada hopes that by increasing women’s access to money, decision-making processes and sustainable development practices, its funding of this project will address both Kenya’s economic and environmental problems.
Project Goals
Three main goals guide this project. The first is to expand access to finance, which involves providing funding to women-owned businesses and reducing gender-based barriers. In the first funding rounds of this project, more than 1,600 female business owners submitted applications.
The second goal is to create a more supportive business environment for female entrepreneurs. This involves addressing discriminatory policies and community-level barriers, including child care demands. Many women struggle to balance caregiving responsibilities with running their businesses. Providing child care support aligns with Canada’s Feminist International Assistance Policy and helps women manage these competing demands.
The third goal is to support biodiversity and sustainable practices in the blue economy, aiming to reduce pressure on fragile ecosystems such as Lake Victoria and coastal marine zones.
Impact and Success Story
So far, this program has yielded positive results. The AECF 2022-2023 report stated that it financed up to 100 women’s groups, impacting 1,200 women who aim to transform Kenya’s blue economy. Formalizing these businesses has helped many women become more financially literate and independent. On top of that, it has expanded aquaculture production and diversified incomes away from overfished stocks.
Angela Odero is co-founder and CEO of Rio Fish Limited, based near Lake Victoria. She and her company received a grant from the program, which helped them expand and formalize their operations. This meant they could provide an affordable supply of fish to female merchants, lessening their reliance on men.
“The grant not only inspired Rio Fish but also sent a powerful message to the industry: it is time to invest in women’s empowerment and gender equality,” she said.
Final Thoughts
From the Tana River Delta to Lake Victoria, women are increasingly stepping into leadership roles in Kenya’s blue economy. They are expanding aquaculture businesses, formalizing operations and challenging long-standing gender barriers. Support from Global Affairs Canada, delivered through the AECF, is helping this initiative improve access to finance and promote sustainable practices.
Early results suggest empowering women in Kenya is strengthening livelihoods and encouraging a more inclusive, environmentally sustainable blue economy. Other East African countries may use it as a model for diversifying their own blue economy initiatives.
– Caleb Dueck
Photo: Flickr
Expanding Education in Punjab for Scheduled Castes
Educational Poverty
According to the 2011 census, nearly one-third of Punjab’s population is Dalits, so educational poverty for the group is a significant social issue. Historically, India’s government has initiated affirmative actions for Dalits to enter education, such as quotas, scholarships and a more relaxed process for admission. However, expanding education in Punjab for the Scheduled Castes has proven to be a challenge for the Punjab government. For instance, previous attempts to provide scholarships have resulted in irregularities in the administration, which have led to the nonpayment of dues.
The Rangla Punjab Scholarship Scheme
At the end of January 2026, 270,000 students were given scholarships by the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) government in Punjab, led by Chief Minister Bhagwant Mann. These post-matric scholarships for the Scheduled Caste student community were worth Rs 271 crore (approx. £22 million) and are intended to fund higher education and professional courses such as medicine and engineering, which are considered costly. Officials have stated that the initiative, called “Rangla Punjab” (Colourful Punjab), is aimed at preventing financial constraints from dictating the terms so that students from marginalized communities can access quality education.
Speaking at the event, CM Bhagwant Singh Mann stated that “Education is the only key to changing the destiny of the weaker and underprivileged sections” and invoked Dr. Ambedkar by declaring that “This scheme reflects our government’s commitment to social justice and is rooted in Babasaheb Ambedkar’s belief that education is the most powerful weapon to eliminate social inequality.”
Expanding education in Punjab for Scheduled Castes in this way was highlighted by the AAP Punjab on its social media handle, which declared that the Mann government is “taking new steps in the field of education every day,” that “the expenditure on education will become a thing of the past” and “[t]he scholarship scheme will fulfill the dreams of students.”
Mann stated that “This scholarship is not merely financial assistance but a powerful means of making students self-reliant. The effort is to ensure that no child is deprived of education or forced to abandon their dreams due to lack of money.”
Brighter Prospects for the Scheduled Castes
Scholarships for the Scheduled Castes may enable wider access to higher education in Punjab and bring in a greater diversity of students who are not limited by cost considerations to study. Higher education is one of the most certain routes for achieving social mobility and therefore reducing poverty around the world. Such students may use the skills and knowledge they gain in higher education to innovate in Punjab and India and to improve society. With scholarships and by further expanding education in Punjab for the Scheduled Castes, they could create a path toward systemic reduction in poverty and open channels for social mobility for those marginalized and forced into a precarious life.
– Suneel Mehmi
Photo: Unsplash
Confronting the Weaponization of Hunger in Sudan
Weaponization of Hunger: The Effects and Mechanics
The World Food Program (WFP) has confirmed famine in two parts of the country, El Fasher in the west and Kadugli in the south. Here, 375,000 people face the most drastic level of food insecurity according to the globally ratified Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC), Level 5. Elsewhere, moreover, more than 21 million people, nearly half of the country’s population, are suffering from acute levels of food insecurity.
The impact on food security is not an unfortunate by-product of the conflict. Instead, the two warring civil factions have orchestrated it as a war tactic. It has resulted from numerous sustained aid blockages as well as targeted attacks on humanitarian workers and volunteers. Of course, the disruption to domestic food production and increased food prices have exacerbated the crisis.
The U.K.’s Pledge
With neighboring Arab stakeholders bankrolling both sides and both militaries becoming more obstinate in their ambitions, the conflict shows little to no sign of halting. In response, voices across the world have amplified pleas for the conflict to end.
In an address to the Commons on Feb. 5, Yvette Cooper outlined the U.K.’s current status as a major contributor to foreign aid in Sudan, with pledges to increase aid given the current climate. “In December, the U.K. provided an additional £21 million for food, shelter and health services,” she said, amounting to a total of £146 million that has served 800,000 people over the past year.
Cooper’s other contribution has been diplomatic. She recently traveled to Addis Ababa and to Chad, where she held meetings with foreign ministers and members of the African Union to discuss opening aid channels, expanding the currently limited arms embargo and possibilities of engendering a temporary ceasefire.
Responding to the secretary of state’s statement, two MPs explicitly brought up the issue of weaponized hunger in Sudan and questioned whether the government was taking appropriate measures to confront it. Harpreet Uppal, the Labour MP for Huddersfield, and Jim Shannon, Strangford’s DUP representative, called for urgent increases in funding from the U.K. and international partners as well as increased U.N. presence in the worst-affected areas of Kadugli in South Kordofan and risk zones in Darfur and Kordofan. Though they welcomed the increased attention the U.K. government is giving to the humanitarian crisis, they believe more remains to be done.
Monica Harding, MP for Esher and Walton, called for effective intervention in Sudan’s gold trade, control of which is a constant battleground for the SAF and RSF and the profits from which fund a considerable portion of both operations. The U.K. and its allies need to impose sanctions, she argues, and expand the arms embargo “beyond Darfur to the whole country.” In the short term, she emphasizes that a ceasefire is essential if parties are to reopen humanitarian corridors safely.
Cooper reassured the Commons that she had met with the U.N. secretary-general and the U.N. emergency coordinator, Tom Fletcher, who confirmed that the Quad, a temporary alliance of Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the UAE and the U.S. formed to establish a humanitarian truce in Sudan, was discussing those topics. They are also “pressing for much greater humanitarian access.” Though MPs may welcome the government demonstrating concern with confronting the Sudanese crisis, bolstered by increases in foreign aid, for now, they only have verbal affirmation.
International Input
In the same Commons session, Adam Jogee MP turned attention beyond the U.K. and demanded an update on the contribution European allies are making. He asked Cooper to clarify what France, Italy, Spain and Ireland are doing to end the humanitarian crisis and the weaponization of hunger in Sudan. In response, Cooper reminded the chamber of an upcoming conference that will take place in Berlin in April and aims to discuss funding for an effective humanitarian aid program in the region.
Elsewhere, it is also important to mention the United States, which, despite budget cuts, has joined other nations in increasing the foreign aid directed to Sudan. On Feb. 3, the United States and the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) held a joint conference centered on raising funds to address the situation. In total, donors pledged to contribute $1.5 billion to the Sudan Humanitarian Fund, which distributes money to various NGOs and U.N. agencies. Some critics have questioned the sincerity of these pledges due to the conflicts of interest among some of the countries involved.
As Sudan’s war continues, the WFP’s confirmation of famine and the obstruction of aid by warring factions highlight the deliberate weaponization of hunger. Despite pledges of increased support and diplomacy from Yvette Cooper and international partners, enforceable action, including sanctions, expanded embargoes and protected humanitarian access, may prove necessary if starvation is not to remain one of the conflict’s most devastating weapons.
– Jude Parsons
Photo: Flickr