Archive for category: Developing Countries

Information and stories about developing countries.

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3 Initiatives Improving Mental Health in Kuwait

Mental Health in KuwaitIn the past, much of the stigmatization around mental health in Kuwait has stemmed from the idea that parents are to blame for the mental illnesses of their families and that those seeking help and relief have done so at the cost of their reputations. However, in recent years, Kuwait has been doing much to reframe this narrative in three major ways:

Kuwait’s First Mental Health Law

The Kuwait government issued Law No. 14 in February 2019 to protect individuals with mental health issues. This marked a major stride in the country’s efforts to improve its response to mental health concerns, mainly because there was no previous law governing mental health in Kuwait. Before the implementation of the Mental Health Law, individuals experiencing mental health challenges couldn’t be held at a facility, even if leaving posed a risk of harm. However, Article 11 of the Mental Health Law grants physicians the authority to detain patients for up to 72 hours during an evaluation period (the “Assessment Period”). This detention protects patients and others around them from danger. It also provides a clear guideline for what to do when one is incapable of self-care or consenting to voluntary assessment or treatment.

Additionally, the law sparked the creation of the Mental Health Coordinating Council (MHCC), whose members are responsible for following up on the application of the law and its regulations. The implementation of the MHCC means that for mental health in Kuwait, there is a body of individuals dedicated to protecting the rights of mental health patients by developing policies in their best interests. One of these rights includes the fact that, under the Mental Health Law, those with mental health conditions should not be prohibited from obtaining a job, marking the law’s intent to prevent stigma and isolation for mental health patients in the workforce.

Kuwait’s Response to the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

As a result of the pandemic, rates of anxiety and depression, especially among the elderly and those with disabilities, increased, possibly due to fears about harboring the disease in conjunction with isolation and lockdowns limiting access to medical support. In response, the Kuwait Ministry of Health, through the country’s Center for Mental Health and Central Administration for Primary Care, launched several new initiatives to both improve health care access and overcome the limitations of isolation and lockdowns:

  • The Kuwait Center for Mental Health launched a hotline (+965 2462 1770) that operates daily from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM.
  • The Ministry of Health launched an interactive platform called “Shlonik,” which provides health information to patients, monitors their safety and provides psychosocial support.
  • Specialized psychiatric clinics delivered psychotropic medicines to patients’ homes, allowing for the continued progress of their treatment.
  • Mental health care providers working in the private sector utilized social media, newspapers and TV channels to provide education regarding coping with psychological problems. Some providers even offered frontline workers free remote psychosocial support.

Nonetheless, it’s crucial to acknowledge that migrant workers and stateless individuals residing in Kuwait, often living in close-knit communities, have disproportionately felt the impact of COVID-19. This is due to their disadvantaged position, as they do not have access to free secondary health care. Access to mental health services remains a significant issue for this demographic, given the steep costs associated with diagnosis, psychiatric consultations and therapy sessions, which are considerably higher than those for Kuwaiti nationals.

The Improvement of Mental Health and Wellness Services in Kuwait

The Fawzia Sultan Health Care Network (FSHN), founded in 2006, is Kuwait’s first and only nonprofit mental health provider. It has been providing many health care services, including family medicine, cardiology, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and psychological services in research and education settings.

While it started as a specialized physiotherapy clinic, the organization soon realized that the health care needs of Kuwait ran much deeper. So, its approach expanded and became much more multidisciplinary. This expansion marked a shift in attitudes regarding mental health in Kuwait and is likely one of the factors that ultimately led to the creation of the Mental Health Law in 2019. The early efforts of FSHN and the later development of the Mental Health Law serve as evidence of the impact that dedication to a specific cause can have, even if that impact is only realized years later.

Final Remark

In a region where mental illness is still considered taboo, the Mental Health Law, along with the impact of health organizations and wellness services, highlights a continuous effort in Kuwait to improve protections for patients with mental illnesses.

– Avery Fuller
Photo: Pexels

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World Vision Is Alleviating Violence Against Children in Vietnam

Children in VietnamIn the heart of Vietnam, a shadow of violence that knows no boundaries looms over the innocence of countless young souls. However, a beacon of hope shines bright amid this darkness: World Vision Vietnam. This Christian organization stands unwavering, committed to lifting the burdens from the shoulders of vulnerable children. Led by Mr. Doseba Sinay, the National Director, World Vision Vietnam extends its arms to aid, develop and advocate for those most in need. In a recent conversation with The Borgen Project, Sinay sheds light on the harrowing implications of violence against children in Vietnam, reaffirming the organization’s tireless dedication to fostering change and restoring hope.

Violence Against Children in Vietnam

Violence against children in the nation stands as a critical and deeply entrenched societal challenge, demanding immediate action. Despite strides made in areas such as economic advancement and education, the specter of violence persists, casting a dark shadow over the nation’s youth. From physical mistreatment and neglect to emotional and sexual abuse, children across the country endure a spectrum of harmful experiences with far-reaching implications.

According to the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs Children’s Bureau, between 2020 and 2022 alone, 120 children fell victim to fatal violence, with many subjected to multiple forms of abuse. Alarmingly, approximately 2,000 cases of child abuse occur annually, often perpetrated by individuals known and trusted by the victims, leaving countless more incidents unreported and unchecked.

Violent disciplining remains prevalent in the territory, as reported by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Vietnam, with more than 68% of children aged 1 to 14 enduring some form of violence at home from their parents or caregivers. The national hotline for Children’s Protection 111 receives approximately 30,000 calls monthly. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, when lockdowns, social distancing and economic strain have contributed to a surge in domestic violence globally, the nation witnessed a corresponding increase in child abuse cases. The number of hotline calls has surged to 40,000-50,000 monthly, underscoring the heightened vulnerability of children in these challenging times.

Many advocates propose establishing a structured system. This system would involve professionally trained social workers collaborating with law enforcement officers and child-friendly judicial entities to identify, intervene, respond to and safeguard children effectively. UNICEF is actively engaged in partnering with pertinent government agencies and provincial authorities to develop a comprehensive child protection framework capable of addressing the diverse causes and manifestations of violence.

Effects of Prolonged Abuse on Children

Children subjected to violence face an elevated risk of various negative consequences, such as compromised physical and mental health, decreased academic achievement and a heightened likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors in the future. Furthermore, the trauma resulting from violence can contribute to a cycle of abuse, as victims are more prone to becoming perpetrators themselves. Research examining brain activity patterns in institutionalized children indicates that severe neglect may lead to delays or deficits in cortical development.

Moreover, children often exhibit internalizing symptoms like anxiety and depression, as well as externalizing symptoms such as conduct disorder and substance use. Behavioral and emotional difficulties observed in abused and neglected children are consistent with effects on the amygdala, including heightened emotional reactivity and deficits in emotional processing. While structural changes in the amygdala due to abuse or neglect are not consistently found in most studies, Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies suggest that early adversity sensitizes the amygdala.

Speaking With Mr. Sinay

In an exclusive interview with Sinay, he underscored the critical importance of combating violence against children. “Violence against children not only causes immediate harm but also leaves lasting scars that can affect them for a lifetime,” Sinay asserts. He stressed the urgency of prioritizing the protection and well-being of vulnerable children, emphasizing that every child deserves a safe and nurturing environment to flourish. “At World Vision Vietnam, we are steadfast in our commitment to eradicating all forms of violence against children,” Sinay explains.

Sinay elaborated on the comprehensive approach adopted by World Vision Vietnam to address parental abuse, stress and children’s mental health issues. “Prevention is paramount,” he emphasized, outlining the organization’s proactive efforts to raise awareness and educate communities about positive parenting practices and non-violent disciplinary methods. Additionally, Sinay emphasized providing support and resources to families facing stressors that may contribute to harmful behaviors. “By tackling the root causes of violence and offering holistic support to families, we aim to break the cycle of abuse and foster a nurturing environment conducive to children’s well-being,” he affirmed.

Regarding mental health challenges among children affected by violence, Sinay stressed the importance of comprehensive support systems. “Children exposed to violence often endure significant emotional and psychological trauma,” he acknowledged. To address these issues, World Vision Vietnam implements specialized programs and services to provide trauma-informed care, counseling and psychosocial support to affected children and their families. “Through our collaborations and network, we strive to heal the wounds of violence and empower children to overcome adversity and fulfill their potential,” Sinay concluded, underscoring the organization’s unwavering commitment to safeguarding the rights and dignity of every child in the nation.

Conclusion

Addressing the issue of violence against children in developing countries requires urgent and coordinated efforts. With a considerable number of children enduring different forms of abuse, the repercussions echo across generations, impeding the progress and well-being of societies. Nonetheless, by placing the protection and welfare of its youth at the forefront, these nations have the opportunity to disrupt the cycle of violence. Through collective actions and a steadfast dedication to upholding children’s rights, we can forge safer and more supportive environments conducive to the flourishing of every child.

– Mahima Bhat
Photo: Wikimedia Commons

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Everything You Need To Know about Child Poverty in Palau

Child Poverty in PalauPalau, an archipelago, emerges as a tiny island nation spanning a mere 458 square kilometers in the vast expanse of Oceania. The country’s population, estimated at approximately 21,779 in 2023, harbors a notable proportion of vulnerable young individuals, with around 21.6% below 18. While Palau boasts commendable achievements in health care, evidenced by its low child mortality rates compared to other Pacific Islands Countries and Territories (PICTs) groups, with the “Under 5 Mortality” rate (Per 1,000) being 13.3%, it still confronts issues of poverty that afflict its youngest inhabitants.

Palau’s Economic Landscape

Palau’s economic landscape predominantly revolves around tourism, supported by agriculture and fishing. Palau is an upper-middle-income country with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita of US$13,230 in 2023. However, extreme poverty persists, particularly in rural regions with limited access to resources. The causes of family and subsequent child poverty in Palau are multifaceted and volatile. Palau also faces challenges similar to those of other PICTs. Theses include limited access to global markets, fragile resource bases, limited economies of scale, vulnerability to global economic changes and natural disasters that cause economic shocks.

The Extent of Child Poverty in Palau

The United Nations (U.N.) finds approximately 30% of children aged less than 14 living below the basic needs poverty line as of 2006. This is a huge indicator of child poverty in Palau. Children who grow up in poverty lack the necessities of life, such as food, cleanliness, shelter, health care and education. Globally, around one billion children are “multidimensionally” impoverished, which means they lack basic requirements such as nutritious food and safe water.

There is an absence of comprehensive data on childhood wasting and stunting, which is hindering efforts to address malnutrition and its adverse effects on child development. Equally concerning is the prevalence of obesity among Palauan youth, with a staggering 35% of them being classified as overweight or obese. These statistics prove that there is an urgent need for action to address not only material deprivation but also nutritional provision in food and underlying health disparities among Palau’s children.

Efforts to Combat Child Poverty in Palau

In response to these challenges, in collaboration with governmental and nongovernmental entities, the National Youth Council (NYC) of Palau plays an imperative role in advocating for youth empowerment and social inclusion. In the long run, this can be seen as a benefit to upskilling the youth. It provides them with better employment opportunities and, hence, leaves them less vulnerable.

NYC Palau, established in 2004, is dedicated to empowering youth by collaborating with government and NGOs to offer various services and activities. Through extensive research and database management, it monitors youth engagement in various sectors, assesses their well-being and addresses issues such as substance abuse, unemployment and conflicts with the law. Using this data, NYC Palau formulates policy mandates to achieve youth empowerment goals, setting targets for partner organizations.

President Tommy Remengesau also declared 2016 the “Year of the Youth” to prioritize youth welfare and enable an environment for their development. The declaration aims to implement a comprehensive youth strategy through the council that promotes all organizations to better identify and serve the interests of Palau’s youth. Additionally, NYC Palau implements career counseling programs, school-specific initiatives and schemes to enhance Palau’s labor market, which are often supported by grants.

Palau’s Commitment to Child Rights

Palau’s commitment to combating child labor, a grave reality and consequence of child poverty, is also displayed by its ratification of Convention No. 182 by the International Labour Organization (ILO). The 182nd Convention of ILO addresses the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labor. This includi slavery, sexual exploitation, the involvement of children in armed conflict, prostitution, pornography and drug trafficking that endanger children’s health, morality or psychological well-being.

In 2019, Palau took significant steps to protect children from the worst forms of child labor by enacting a new Penal Code. This legislation specifically targets child pornography and the trafficking of children for labor exploitation, underscoring Palau’s commitment to safeguarding children’s rights and welfare. This is in addition to its impressive Realization of Children’s Rights Index score of 8.17 out of 10.

Final Remark

Child poverty in Palau is a multifaceted issue that demands nuanced solutions and collaborative efforts across sectors. Palau can chart a path toward sustainable development and social justice by continuing to address the underlying determinants of poverty, investing in education and health care and prioritizing youth empowerment.

– Malaikah Niyazi
Photo: Flickr

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3 Projects Advancing Women’s Rights in Grenada  

Women’s Rights in GrenadaLocated in the eastern Caribbean Sea, Grenada is an island country with approximately 125,000 people. Like other Caribbean countries, Grenada faces several challenges related to women’s rights. For example, one-third of young women in Grenada, Saint Lucia and Jamaica do not participate in education, employment or training due to family responsibilities.

Though the country has made significant strides towards gender parity, such disparities extend to women’s political representation. Additionally, women in Grenada are more vulnerable than men to financial loss from natural disasters and domestic violence. In response to these women’s rights issues in Grenada, the government and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) are confronting gender-based oppression head-on. Here are three key projects advancing gender equality and women’s rights in Grenada today.

Gender Equality Policy and Action Plan

GEPAP is one of the Grenadian government’s most comprehensive efforts to improve women’s rights thus far. As the project completes its final year, GEPAP strives to invite the participation of women in every aspect of “all political, economic, social, cultural and environmental [programs] and projects.”

In January 2023, GEPAP took a focus on gender-based budgeting. Prepared by the Ministry of Finance, the Gender Budget Statement expressed the government’s continued commitment to women’s rights in Grenada by ratifying numerous anti-discrimination conventions. The document underlines the importance of gender-responsive budgeting, as the government is allocating financial resources to “address gender gaps in all sectors and at all levels.”

With GEPAP, more women have also taken on leadership positions, particularly in politics, schools and courts. In the 2018 elections, women made up 47% of Parliamentary representatives. In the same year, women held the titles of Head of State, Head of Public Service and the Head of the Treasury.

EnGenDER

Led by multiple organizations such as the United Nations (U.N.) Women, Enabling Gender-Responsive Disaster Recovery, Climate and Environmental Resilience in the Caribbean (EnGenDER) is a collaborative effort confronting the disproportionate effects of natural disaster risk on women in Grenada. In the program, food security within the agriculture sector and health and disaster management are highlighted by the National Decision-Making Mechanism for Grenada. Public health crises generally affect women’s food security more than men’s. For instance, during the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2022, the CARICOM Food Security & Livelihoods Survey found that 69% of men “had no difficulties eating” compared to 45% of women.

Changing weather patterns and natural disasters impact Grenadian women similarly, as they are often expected to take on greater household responsibilities. For example, many female farmers accounted for the need to provide for their families when they reported “having less money to spend on climate risk insurance.” The initiative found that this was less of a consideration for male farmers. Single Grenadian women face the impacts of changing weather patterns and natural disasters alongside poverty, making up the “largest segment of the poorest quintile of the population in the country.”

In addition, EnGenDER examines disparities in the medical system in Grenada, as women seek less medical attention but face more reproductive and menstrual health concerns. With its analysis across these sectors, EnGenDER has contributed necessary context to the government’s work on climate resilience for women, encouraging recent developments such as the National Climate Change Policy and the National Adaptation Plan that work in tandem with GEPAP.

GrenadaInfoSPACE

In 2018, a national survey showed that 29% of Grenadian women would experience gender-based violence during their life. The survey was one of few at the time exploring domestic violence but revealed a prevalent struggle among Grenadian women. The Spotlight Initiative to End Violence Against Women and Girls launched GrenadaInfoSAFE in June 2023 to help combat this issue. A digital data system, GrenadaInfoSAFE, is working to gather more information about domestic violence experiences throughout the country.

The platform’s surveys and statistics that follow will help quantify the gravity of the problem. By analyzing the collected data, the project hopes to put a spotlight on domestic violence, which is underreported and neglected in the Caribbean. With more tangible evidence of the specific types of gender-based violence occurring, leaders are better equipped to understand and address the domestic violence challenges undermining women’s rights in Grenada.

As efforts such as GEPAP, EnGenDER and GrenadaInfoSPACE work to bolster women’s rights in Grenada, they empower women everywhere, creating a world and future of greater gender equality.

– Estelle Lee
Photo: Pixabay

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Understanding Poverty Reduction in the Philippines

Poverty Reduction in the PhilippinesIn the Philippines, poverty has been prevalent in the lives of millions, with 22.4% of its population living below the national poverty line and 9.79 million Filipinos unable to meet their basic food needs. However, due to the efforts of poverty reduction in the Philippines, there has been a notable decrease from 2021, which saw a poverty rate of 23.7%.

With increasing urbanization and a growing middle class, poverty reduction in the Philippines is a crucial pathway toward understanding development goals and uncovering opportunities for advancement. This article will delve into the multifaceted approaches in the Philippines’ poverty reduction, analyze the strategies put in place so far and identify challenges to achieving President Ferdinand Marcos Jr’s plan to bring poverty in the Philippines down to 9% by 2028.

Current State

As evidenced by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the current state of poverty in the Philippines is one of slow but resilient progress. According to the PSA, the Proportion of Poor among families has fallen from 18% to 16.4% between 2021 and 2023, highlighting some initial progress in poverty reduction efforts.

However, the PSA’s data also indicates that urban areas, such as Manila, which has a Poverty Incidence of 5.7%, have much lower levels of poverty than rural areas, such as Leyte, which has a Poverty Incidence of 31.3%, indicating a significant urban-rural gap. By addressing factors such as access to education, health care and employment opportunities and recognizing these disparities between urban and rural areas, we can implement effective policies to foster inclusive poverty reduction in the Philippines.

Government Initiatives

Regarding government initiatives, the Philippines’ Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) has implemented a program known as the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps). This program promises to provide conditional cash grants to poorer households to improve the health and education of children living below the national poverty line. As of August 2015, program recipients received P27.15 billion ($0.48 billion) in cash grants.

Meanwhile, another government initiative, the Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP), started in 2011. This program generated employment among poor households and moved highly vulnerable households into more sustainable livelihoods, intending to expand poverty reduction in the Philippines. The program has grown from serving 46,000 families in 2011 to serving 166,000 families in 2017. Despite these efforts, challenges such as limited resources persist. However, sustainable poverty reduction is possible through monitoring and evaluating program performance and fostering transparency.

Nongovernmental Efforts

In addition to government initiatives, several nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) play a crucial role in poverty reduction in the Philippines. Organizations such as the Zero Extreme Poverty PH 2030 (ZEP) are actively involved in addressing the root causes of poverty, focusing on eight themes: Health, Education, Environment, Livelihood and Employment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Housing and Shelter, Peace and Human Security and Social Justice.

Zero Poverty PH has achieved many notable accomplishments in poverty reduction efforts. It installed a water system in Tayabasan, benefiting more than 215 families by giving them clean drinking water. Moreover, its goal to have two million Opportunity Youth in employment or self-employment by 2030 is already in progress. For example, Jonalyn, age 17, who had to drop out of school to support her family, is now receiving support from ZEP to continue her education at Hilamonan Elementary School, along with 300 other students. By working closely with communities, nongovernmental organizations can implement targeted goals that address specific needs and challenges.

Economic Challenges and Future Directions

However, alongside socioeconomic disparities, the Philippines also faces several environmental challenges from changing weather patterns, like typhoons and floods. These disasters have tragic consequences for people experiencing poverty, resulting in loss of livelihoods or homes and further deprivation. Furthermore, environmental factors such as pollution and deforestation threaten food security and create health risks.

As the lead plastic polluter in 2019, the Philippines is responsible for 36.38% of global oceanic plastic waste. Undoubtedly, this is having dire effects on those in poverty. Whether through water-transmitted illnesses or threats to livestock due to the endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the plastic, which are linked to several issues such as infertility, cancer, diabetes and increased risk of cardiovascular disease and strokes.

Moreover, government initiatives such as the Extended Producer Responsibility Act (EPRA), introduced in 2022, which requires companies to create EPR programs for plastic waste reduction, recovery and diversion, have set an expectation for an 80% decline in their plastic product footprint. Furthermore, the Philippine government has implemented a National Plan of Action for the Prevention, Reduction and Management of Marine Litter to achieve zero waste in Philippine waters by 2040. This plan will create a wide range of policies, such as improving public awareness about marine pollution and participating in international coastal clean-ups, highlighting a wide approach towards their goal.

This is important for poverty reduction as plastic pollution can affect health through cancer, cardiovascular disease and more. Furthermore, plastic pollution affects farm animals and fish through choking or entanglement, which affects not only the amount of food around but also causes a massive dip in income for those who rely on this livelihood and fishing for income.

Final Remark

Poverty reduction in the Philippines requires multifaceted approaches that cover social, economic and environmental angles. While progress is being made through government and NGO initiatives, challenges continue to persevere. By prioritizing inclusive and sustainable policies, there is a strong chance that the Philippines will continue striving toward a prosperous future.

– Emily Weir
Photo: Flickr

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Disability and Poverty in Russia

Disability and Poverty in RussiaRussia’s poverty rate across all demographics sits at 12.1% as of 2020, per the World Bank. Further, 13 million Russians have disabilities, which is roughly 9% of the total population. In lower and middle-income countries, which includes Russia, disabled people are twice as likely to live in poverty than non-disabled people. As with many countries, disability and poverty in Russia are linked to each other; Russia’s history of discrimination against disabled people relegates many of them to live in poverty and this marginalized demographic faces discrimination in modern-day Russia.

History

Historically, the Russian government has treated its disabled citizens with disregard for their well-being. The current Russian Federation’s former governing state, the Soviet Union, outright denied their existence in the country, infamously declining to participate in the first iteration of the Paralympic Games in 1980, claiming that no disabled people existed in the country.

Before this, the Soviet government assigned disabled World War II veterans to low-paying jobs upon their return from war, thus relegated to poverty. These new jobs assigned to the now-disabled Russian veterans often disregarded their previous careers and skill sets. They reduced them to being defined by their disability.

This practice of job reassignment created an association between poverty and disability in Russia and disabled citizens were given little opportunity to better their conditions beyond their low-wage occupations.

Modern Problems

In addition to the higher rates of poverty among disabled Russians, discrimination against people with disabilities is still pervasive in the country. In 1995, the Russian Federation passed a law outlining a federal definition of disability, a step forward from the Soviet Union’s denial of disabled Russians.

Despite the federal acknowledgment of disabled citizens, the country still lacks adequate resources for them. Disabled people in Russia, particularly children with disabilities, are mistreated. For example, according to Human Rights Watch (HRW), Russian orphanages have been caught transferring their disabled residents to state-run institutions without their consent once they have turned 18 when they instead should be transitioned into living independently.

This comes in tandem with allegations of abuse inside Russian orphanages, where an estimated 30% of disabled Russian children live. These orphanages hold children for extended periods despite being intended only for temporary stays. Former residents have accused these children’s homes of tying patients to beds, sedating them and temporarily transferring them to mental institutions against their will as punishment.

Solutions

The violence and adversity faced by disabled people are still pervasive. However, some organizations are working to alleviate the issues that come from disability and poverty in Russia. To combat the adversity faced by disabled Russians, some citizens have started their own charities and nonprofits to improve the quality of life for people with disabilities and give support to their families.

For example, Perspektiva is a Russian nonprofit that works to improve the quality of life for people with disabilities, including helping them find employment to diminish the number of people living with both disability and poverty in Russia. Perspektiva has helped Russians with disabilities complete internships with international companies, such as Ernst and Young, L’Oreal and SAP and it lists hundreds of jobs on its employment portal for disabled job applicants.

Final Remark

The social acknowledgment of disabled Russians and the work of charities like Perspektiva have helped improve the status of disabled Russians living in poverty. However, this vulnerable demographic still needs assistance and advocacy to improve further.

– Elizabeth Nelms
Photo: Wikimedia Commons

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The Impact of Concern Worldwide in Pakistan

Concern WorldwideConcern Worldwide, an international nongovernment organization “that strives for a world free from poverty, fear and oppression,” has been pivotal in driving positive change and significantly impacting Pakistan through its range of programs and initiatives. With a commitment to addressing the most pressing needs of communities across the country, Concern Worldwide has established itself as a key player in the realm of humanitarian aid and development. From health care and education to livelihood support and emergency response, the organization’s multifaceted approach aims to uplift and empower individuals and communities in Pakistan, ultimately contributing to a brighter and more sustainable future for all.

Why Is Concern Worldwide Helping Pakistan?

Pakistan faces a significant risk of natural disasters, including droughts, earthquakes, floods and landslides. These events often lead to mass displacement, increased humanitarian needs and worsened food insecurity and malnutrition. In fact, from June to September of 2022, Pakistan experienced significant impacts from heavy monsoon rains and glacial lake outbursts, which led to widespread flooding and landslides. Approximately 33 million people were affected, with more than 1,700 reported deaths, nearly 12,900 individuals injured and an estimated 7.9 million people displaced.

Additionally, more than 2.3 million houses and millions of acres of agricultural land and crops were damaged or destroyed. As of 2023, according to the latest Global Hunger Index (GHI) report, Pakistan has been placed 99th out of 129 nations and has classified its hunger level as “serious.” The intersection of political conflict, the changing climate and the COVID-19 pandemic has placed millions at risk of food insecurity.

What Is Concern Worldwide Doing To Help?

Concern Worldwide is making an impact in Pakistan and creating substantial positive changes. Through community empowerment and enhancing education and health care accessibility, its efforts focus on building a better tomorrow for those most in need. In partnership with local entities in the South Asian nation, its efforts are concentrated on building resilience to natural challenges, swift responses to crises, tackling malnutrition and encouraging the development of skills, livelihoods and economic self-reliance.

Health and Nutrition Programs

By improving access to health care services, providing nutritional support to children and pregnant women and raising awareness about hygiene and sanitation practices, the organization is helping to improve the overall health and well-being of communities in Pakistan.

Its Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) Surge strategy is geared towards improving the health care system and enhancing the skills of health care professionals. The nonprofit has trained medical officers, nutrition assistants and paramedical staff in 28 health facilities to provide essential care to malnourished children, pregnant women and nursing mothers.

Emergency Responses

One of the main ways in which Concern Worldwide is making an impact in Pakistan is through its emergency response efforts. From distributing food and water to offering medical assistance, its emergency response teams work tirelessly to ensure that individuals and families have the support they need during times of crisis. For example, the initiative’s Responding to Pakistan’s Internally Displaced (RAPID) Fund Program helps those affected by natural or artificial disasters nationwide.

The organization also tackles the underlying factors contributing to emergencies by emphasizing disaster risk reduction and building resilience. In 2018, the initial phase of the DFID-funded Building Disaster Resilience Program (BDRP) was completed successfully, improving resilience at the community and household levels in districts prone to flooding.

Economic Opportunities and Gender Equity

Using the Building Disaster Resilience program, Concern Worldwide is working to empower individuals to create lasting income sources through Climate Smart Agriculture by providing workshops for both women and men. These workshops include male and female farmers learning climate-smart practices to improve their crop production, leading to better incomes.

However, these interventions were specifically targeted at women. In fact, in 2018, 2,250 nutritious and locally-grown vegetable packages were provided to women, along with the necessary tools to help them create home-based kitchen gardens. These initiatives aim to enhance women’s economic prospects and boost their confidence and motivation to assist in making their communities a better place.

Agriculture

Furthermore, Concern Worldwide is impacting Pakistan through its efforts to promote environmental sustainability and climate resilience. By working with communities to implement sustainable agricultural practices, conserve natural resources and adapt to the changing climate, the organization helps protect the environment and build resistance against the impacts of the changing climate in Pakistan.

This has benefited the environment and improved the livelihoods and well-being of vulnerable communities in the country. In 2019, more than 200 sessions were held on Climate Smart Agriculture. Additionally, 129 training sessions on livestock management were conducted for households relying on livestock for their income. Furthermore, 240 community livestock extension workers were trained to ensure the availability of cost-effective livestock services.

Conclusion

By focusing on education, health care, emergency response, livelihoods, gender equality and environmental sustainability, Concern Worldwide is positively changing the lives of millions of people in Pakistan and helping to create a more stable society for future generations.

– Sara Hatab
Photo: Flickr

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Hive Earth’s Community Development in Ghana

Hive Earth’s Community Development in Ghana In 2020, an estimated 6.6 million poor Ghanaians needed affordable, sustainable infrastructure and community development. Hive Earth’s community development in Ghana has become a model in the construction industry and beyond, hosting workshops and blogging about eco-friendly construction techniques.

Poverty in Ghana

Ghana saw notable poverty reduction between 1991 and 2012 but has faced stagnation since then. In recent years, slow economic growth and high inflation have driven up poverty rates. Additionally, there are increased disparities across different demographics and regions.

According to an interview with Hive Earth’s co-founder Joelle Eyeson, there is a demand for low-cost building methods to increase access to housing and other resources among people in poverty. This is how Hive Earth’s community development in Ghana comes into play.

How Hive Earth is Supporting Ghana’s Poor

As Eyeson explained, Hive Earth supports Ghana’s poor by “actively engaging with communities.” This engagement consists of training programs teaching self-sufficiency regarding building and maintaining homes. Eyeson emphasized that the objective of Hive Earth’s community development in Ghana is to “create sustainable solutions that uplift communities and break the cycle of poverty.” Throughout the past year, Eyeson explained that this work has consisted of large-scale community projects such as constructing a family center in central Ghana.

Moreover, Eyeson advocates for Hive Earth’s approach to sustainable and affordable housing as a vital strategy to mitigate the housing crisis and support impoverished communities. However, she underscores the importance of a comprehensive strategy, highlighting that the full benefits of eco-friendly and cost-effective construction materials can only be realized when complemented by targeted political and educational efforts.

In addition, Eyeson is focused on expanding the reach and impact of Rammed Earth construction, anticipating a growth in demand. She envisions establishing more Rammed Earth companies across Africa, incorporating training programs and partnerships into Hive Earth’s business model to foster sustainable building practices and knowledge sharing.

Similar Initiatives

Hive Earth’s community development in Ghana is not the only instance where innovative methods and materials are being used to make housing and other community resources more accessible for impoverished people. Another up-and-coming unique technique to make housing more affordable is 3D printing homes.

Furthermore, companies like Tvasta Manufacturing Solutions in India, in collaboration with nonprofit organizations such as Habitat for Humanity have successfully 3D printed homes. These homes are 30% cheaper and can be built in five days or less.

Housing and Poverty Solutions

Eyeson encourages individuals passionate about reducing poverty and improving housing access to consider internships, volunteering or partnering with local projects and organizations. She highlights the Stewards of Affordable Housing for the Future (SAHF) as a key resource for those in the United States (U.S.) interested in making a difference in this field.

In addition, SAHF operates as a collaborative network involving 12 organizations dedicated to enhancing access to affordable and sustainable housing. Spanning the nation, alongside its advocacy efforts, SAHF serves as a key resource for individuals seeking to contribute to this cause.

Furthermore, Eyeson emphasizes the value of further education, whether formal or community-based, for deepening engagement in sustainable housing. She finds immense satisfaction in changing perceptions about natural building materials traditionally linked to poverty. Eyeson’s work with Hive Earth demonstrates the significance and value of building with Earth, challenging and transforming people’s associations with mud and similar materials.

– Madison Paulus
Photo: Unsplash

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8 Key Ways to Strengthen Global Supply Chains

8 Key Ways to Strengthen Global Supply Chains Reliable and consistent global supply chains are essential for the maintenance of life-saving services in some of the world’s hardest-hit developing countries. In fact, they provide the key foundations of sanitation and hygiene, water, education, nutrition and health systems in countries that need the most charitable support.

The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) has committed greater resources to ensure the protection of these crucial supply chains. Hence, working with governments to ensure that all the crucial stages of product selection, strategic procurement and the contracting of logistics services meet as few hindrances as possible.

In addition, UNICEF outlines that post the COVID-19 pandemic, the value of equitable and resilient supply chains is more crucial than ever to ensure access to lifesaving supplies to countries most in need of humanitarian support.

UNICEF Tackle Insecure Supply Chains

In a recent report, UNICEF outlines two key objectives to address the issue:

  1. To create a collection of resources to deal with the most critical hindrances that directly affect supply chains.
  2. To analyze key areas affecting supply chain barriers that affect access to services, products and treatments that are essential.

As a result, UNICEF has compiled data based on the knowledge of key organizations and governments to address these two objectives. These include the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Global Alliance for Vaccines (GAVI), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the Global Fund, the African Centre for Disease Control, the World Health Organisation (WHO), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) as well as the private sector.

Ways to Strengthen Global Supply Chains

Furthermore, after compiling the experiences and knowledge of its partners, UNICEF has outlined eight key ways to strengthen global supply chains. Also, these recommendations aim to enhance access to essential, high-quality and life-saving services and supplies in the future.

The following are the eight key ways to strengthen global supply chains:

  1. Foster global sharing partnerships.
  2. Empower supply chain workforces.
  3. Enhance private sector involvement, multi-partner coordination and governance.
  4. Assist local manufacturing supplies and local production, using ‘market shaping’ as a key method. This could include pooled procurement and tools like volume guarantees on products.
  5. Reform fiscal policies and increase funding for the public financing of supplies.
  6. Create a strong service delivery system ensuring quality of care for supplies to their end user.
  7. Ensure the sustainability of social, economic and environmental elements connected to the supply chain.
  8. Quicker access to reliable data and technology to support decision-making.

Global Supply Chain Improvements

Therefore, UNICEF’s investment and collaboration with the mentioned partners and governments have resulted in the implementation of supply chains through projects such as:

  • Nutridash, an online interactive platform that analyzes, stores and captures data from nutritional programs of more than 100 countries.
  • The Vaccine Independence Initiative, a $234 million fund accessible to many governments for procuring nutrition and health supplies, benefiting tens of millions of children annually.
  • The Traceability and Verification System, developed by the organization to authenticate health products including vaccines to ensure patient safety.
  • The Effective Vaccine Management Initiative and Maturity Model, the EVM initiative is a tool that monitors how vaccine supply chains help developing countries improve resource allocation and identify key areas that need development.
  • People that Deliver, this is a branch of UNICEF’s supply chain workforce that supports countries in developing the supply chain workforce through its close association with private and public partnership networks.

These initiatives and projects have helped raise $7.2 billion in supplies and services, enhancing the provision for supply storage and the transportation of vaccines, medicines and other critical supplies. In addition, they have also resulted in increased procurement of Ready-to-use Therapeutic Food (RUTF), a crucial item for treating severe wasting in children. Through these efforts, UNICEF met two-thirds of the global demand for RUTF production.

Progress and Promise

Despite facing significant challenges, the strides made in improving child survival rates in developing countries offer a beacon of hope. UNICEF’s call to action for strengthening global supply chains highlights a path forward to addressing critical needs, from vaccine accessibility to combating severe wasting and enhancing sanitation in schools. Furthermore, with concerted efforts and continued focus, the gap in essential services can be bridged, promising a healthier, more secure future for millions of children around the world.

– Domenico Palermo
Photo: Flickr

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Addressing Elderly Poverty in Albania

Addressing Elderly Poverty in Albania For years, Albania has grappled with the pervasive issue of elderly poverty, where inadequate social security systems, limited access to health care and the burden of intergenerational economic disparities have compounded the challenges faced by older citizens. The pension amounts in Albania continue to fall short of the relative poverty line, which stands at $6.7 per day or roughly $201 per month. Here are some of the factors that play a role within the issue of elderly poverty in Albania.

Post-Transition Albania

Today’s elderly in Albania have borne the brunt of the country’s tumultuous political economic transition back in 1991. The abrupt shift to market capitalism left many elderly people without savings or social safety nets, exacerbating their vulnerability. Additionally, the rapid aging of Albania’s population presents a looming demographic challenge. In 2022, Albania counted 630,000 people over the age of 60 years, comprising 22.5% of the national population, with projections indicating a rise of 26% in the coming years.

Economic Hardships and Pension Issues

Economic difficulties, invigorated by pension issues, further contribute to elderly poverty in Albania. Despite efforts to bolster economic development through foreign investments and seasonal tourism, poverty, unemployment, corruption and political instability persist. In 2019, approximately 33% of Albania’s population lived on less than $5.50 per day, marking it as the Western Balkan nation with the highest poverty rate.

Expensive living conditions and a lack of education opportunities are common reasons for young Albanians to leave the country. This exodus of young Albanians has led to high unemployment rates. With 60% unemployment among individuals aged 18 to 34, the workforce is dwindling, contributing to fewer contributions to the pension system. Consequently, there are fewer funds available to sustain pensions. Besides, the pension alone is often not enough to cover all one’s expenses, increasing the likelihood of elderly poverty. Health care costs, especially for chronic illnesses, pose a significant financial burden for older individuals, with around 91,000 elderly people in need of long-term care.

The government’s response to these challenges has been mixed. While there have been increases in social security spending, informal employment and irregular contributions present challenges in maintaining pension levels. Additionally, geographical disparities in social care provision mean that rural areas often have fewer health care services available.

Addressing Elderly Poverty in Albania

Despite these challenges, there are efforts underway to address elderly poverty in Albania. A non-profit called World Vision – World Vision is a global humanitarian organization that works to empower communities, alleviate poverty and provide assistance in areas such as education, health care and economic development – and municipalities have launched projects to extend health care services to remote areas, while the government has approved a National Action Plan aimed at combating elderly poverty.

The plan includes goals such as establishing daily care centers, residential centers and specialized buildings for vulnerable elderly individuals, as well as appointing nurses and social workers for home visits.

Looking Ahead

As Albania confronts the complexities of elderly poverty, initiatives led by World Vision and supportive government strategies are paving the way for meaningful progress. The establishment of care centers and expansion of health care services promise a more secure and dignified future for the nation’s elderly population. Through these collaborative efforts, Albania is taking significant steps toward alleviating the challenges of elder care, signaling a hopeful shift toward comprehensive social support and inclusion.

– Naomi Ronner
Photo: Flickr