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Ekwere Akpan Foundation: Giving Hope

Ekwere Akpan FoundationThe Ekwere Akpan Foundation is a nongovernmental organization (NGO) established with the primary aim of providing hope to elderly widows orphans and underprivileged individuals facing various health disparities in rural and some urban areas in Nigeria. The objectives of the Ekwere Akpan Foundation include addressing the needs of widows and widowers by promoting their independence through empowerment programs and free training.

Additionally, it focuses on caring for orphans by providing them access to education through scholarships and skills acquisition programs. Beyond addressing the needs of older widows, widowers and orphans, the organization is dedicated to tackling the challenges faced by people living in the rural parts of Nigeria, particularly those in Akwa Ibom, a state in the southern part of Nigeria.

Challenges Faced by Rural Communities in Akwa Ibom

  1. Poverty: This is a complex and pressing issue that affects millions of individuals and families worldwide. It is a multifaceted problem that manifests through limited access to essential services such as education, healthcare and clean water. Many rural communities in Nigeria depend on agriculture for their livelihoods; however, they face numerous challenges that hinder their productivity. Poor soil quality, inadequate access to modern farming techniques and the adverse effects of climate instability can significantly impact crop yields, leading to food insecurity.
  2. Food insecurity: Despite the fact that many people in this community are farmers, they often struggle to make ends meet, with old widows who can no longer engage in agriculture facing severe hunger. Economic challenges limit their ability to purchase enough food and a lack of infrastructure often compounds this situation. Consequently, food insecurity can lead to malnutrition and other health-related issues, negatively impacting the overall well-being of the community.
  3. Health Challenges: Due to malnutrition and pervasive poverty, many residents of these communities face various health challenges, including protein malnutrition, cholera, blindness, chronic respiratory diseases, strokes and diabetes. These significant health issues contribute to the overall struggles of the community. The shortage of healthcare facilities and medical professionals, along with the high cost of healthcare in urban areas, exacerbates these challenges. A minor health issue that could be easily treated in a hospital often escalates due to the prohibitive costs of transportation and treatment, potentially leading to severe complications or even death.
  4. Homelessness: Shelter is one of the necessities of life. Yet, the living conditions in these communities prevent them from creating a space they can truly call home. Many reside in shattered houses, mud buildings or incomplete structures, which allow all manner of reptiles to crawl in. These poor living conditions become particularly unfavorable during the rainy season, as rainwater seeps directly into their homes, exposing residents to various illnesses, including hypothermia. Some individuals lack even these dilapidated buildings and resort to constructing makeshift shelters with wood just to lay their heads. This situation fosters a cycle of isolation and despair, as those affected may feel marginalized and disconnected from the broader community.

What Is Being Done

In December 2023, the NGO donated foodstuffs to older widows in the rural community of Ikot Akpafuk, located in the Nsit Ubium Local Government Area (LGA) of Akwa Ibom. Furthermore, in partnership with the International Center for Leadership Development Nigeria (ICLDNG), the Foundation has educated more than 500 students and youths on safe internet practices, aiming to empower them with the knowledge to navigate the digital world securely and responsibly.

As an organization dedicated not only to eradicating poverty but also to improving the overall well-being of individuals, the Foundation has partnered with the Nigeria Youth Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) to raise awareness about the “Coalition Against Synthetic Drug Threat.” This initiative aims to enlighten the general public about the dangers of synthetic drugs and promote healthier choices within the community.

Additionally, the Foundation has advocated for donations to support community members suffering from bilateral visually significant cataracts, including an elderly widow who has become visually impaired due to this illness. The organization has also sought assistance for individuals whose homes have collapsed due to excessive rainfall and inadequate building structures.

Final Note

The Ekwere Akpan Foundation is making significant strides in addressing poverty and improving the quality of life for vulnerable populations in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria. Through its multifaceted approach, the organization empowers youth with essential skills and advocates for health awareness. It provides immediate relief to those in need. With its commitment to the well-being of marginalized groups, the Foundation exemplifies the transformative impact of grassroots initiatives in creating sustainable change.

– Staff Reports
Photo: Pexels

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Humanitarian Visit to North Korea Signals Hope for Future Aid

Humanitarian Visit to North Korea Signals Hope for Future Aid From July 13 to 16, 2024, Qu Dongyu, the Director-General of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (UNFAO) visited North Korea. This marked the first confirmed humanitarian visit by a U.N. official to North Korea since 2021, signaling a significant development in the international effort to resume humanitarian assistance to the country’s most vulnerable populations.

As a result of North Korea’s rigid border policies during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a mass exodus of aid workers from the country in 2020. By spring 2021, the last remaining humanitarian officials had left, as North Korean authorities refused almost all attempts by aid organizations to reenter. This occurred despite the pandemic’s disproportionate impact on food and health security among the most impoverished populations. The government’s stringent measures included strict border closures, increased surveillance and severe restrictions on freedom of movement and access to information.

Break in Isolation Amid Heightened Repression

Qu Dongyu’s visit is significant not only because of its timing but also due to its potential implications for reactivating humanitarian efforts. The FAO described the trip as a “milestone” demonstrating mutual trust and respect, opening new avenues for engagement to tackle food security and nutrition challenges post-pandemic. During his visit, Qu met with North Korean officials and toured key agricultural sites, including the Kangdong Greenhouse Complex and the Kangdong Central Institute for Vegetables.

He commended the “great achievements made by [the] DPRK people in agriculture development, food security and the Pyongyang city” under Kim Jong Un’s leadership. However, independent experts remain cautious. The FAO’s Global Information and Early Warning System reported that “the food security situation is expected to remain fragile amid persistent weak economic growth.”

Expert Opinions and Skepticism

Analysts have expressed skepticism about the improvements in North Korea’s food security. A former CIA analyst, William Brown, suggested that Qu’s flattering remarks might be a strategic move to maintain access to North Korea. “So many people in North Korea are going hungry even as we speak,” Brown said. Bradley Babson, a former World Bank adviser, interpreted the excessive compliments as a means to “reestablish a relationship,” emphasizing that the FAO’s return would be beneficial. The government’s reluctance to accept international assistance has been a longstanding issue. In 2021, North Korea rejected several offers to provide millions of doses of COVID-19 vaccines, including offers from COVAX, South Korea and Russia. The health care system, already fragile due to underfunding and lack of resources, has deteriorated further, with access to medicines and medical supplies severely limited.

Humanitarian Impact of the Pandemic

The pandemic has worsened North Korea’s chronic food insecurity. The U.N. reports that since 2017, more than 10 million people—more than 40% of the country’s official population of 25 million—face food insecurity. Reports have emerged of food shortages even among Pyongyang’s elite, with incidents of starvation across various regions. With minimal external aid, issues of widespread malnutrition and deteriorating children’s health persist. Humanitarian organizations such as UNICEF and the World Food Program (WFP) are prepared to resume operations but have been without access for nearly four years.

Regional Engagements and Geopolitical Dynamics

Qu’s visit to North Korea followed an official visit to Mongolia from July 10 to 12, 2024, where he discussed sustainable agrifood systems transformation. These regional engagements underscore the FAO’s commitment to supporting sustainable agriculture in developing countries. Analysts also note geopolitical undercurrents, such as China’s possible interest in counterbalancing Russia’s growing ties with North Korea. Qu, who is Chinese, met with Chinese Ambassador Wang Yajun in Pyongyang, highlighting China’s longstanding support for North Korea.

Moving Forward

The recent visit by the FAO Director-General to North Korea marks a crucial step in resuming humanitarian efforts after years of restricted access. While challenges remain, this engagement could lead to renewed cooperation on food security and agricultural development. Qu Dongyu, in particular, emphasized the importance of innovation, digitalization and green development in transforming the agricultural sector. He encouraged the North Korean government to explore new opportunities for collaboration and resource mobilization to support the most vulnerable populations. The outcome of these ongoing efforts potentially depends on sustained collaboration between North Korea and international organizations.

– Sophia Lee

Sophia is based in Media, PA, USA and focuses on Good News and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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PHAAE: Mission for Clean Water and Sanitation in Rural Nigeria

PHAAEIn Nigeria, more than 80% of schools do not have basic sanitation or running water, leaving children and their communities vulnerable to waterborne diseases and poor hygiene. These challenges not only affect health but also school attendance, particularly for girls who miss school due to the lack of proper facilities during menstruation. The absence of these essential resources exacerbates inequality, leaving rural children significantly disadvantaged compared to their urban counterparts.

Public Health Aid Awareness & Education (PHAAE), a nongovernmental organization (NGO), focuses on addressing the critical lack of access to clean water and sanitation facilities in rural communities across Nigeria. PHAAE’s work is vital in bridging this gap by providing water systems and sanitation facilities, starting with schools and extending to entire communities. By improving hygiene infrastructure, PHAAE enhances educational environments, reduces disease risks and promotes long-term community health.

Public Health Aid Awareness & Education

PHAAE adopts a community-centered and sustainable approach to addressing rural Nigerian communities’ water and sanitation crisis. Starting with a thorough needs assessment in collaboration with local leaders and school administrators, PHAAE tailors interventions to meet each community’s unique requirements. Schools serve as central hubs for education and social progress, so by installing clean water systems and sanitation facilities there, PHAAE enhances learning environments and extends these essential resources to the broader community. Each water facility positively impacts thousands of residents beyond the school, creating lasting community-wide benefits.

Transforming Lives

Through partnerships with sponsors like the U.S. Embassy and global philanthropists, PHAAE has transformed thousands of lives, affirming that clean water and sanitation are essential rights for every child and community. PHAAE’s initiatives have significantly enhanced the health, education and overall well-being of the communities it serves. By equipping rural schools with clean water and sanitation facilities, the organization has greatly improved the quality of life for students and extended these benefits to surrounding communities.

In Kunyami, Abuja, a PHAAE water project initially designed for 1,500 students now benefits more than 5,000 community members, significantly reducing waterborne diseases and promoting better hygiene practices. Before PHAAE’s intervention, children like Sater had to trek long distances to the Toge River for water, sometimes going days without bathing. Today, with clean water accessible directly at school, they can prioritize their education and personal well-being, marking a transformative change in their daily lives.

PHAAE’s projects have broad societal impacts, including increased school attendance, especially for girls who can now attend during menstruation thanks to proper sanitation facilities. In Takushara, during the COVID-19 pandemic, PHAAE provided water and sanitation for 1,300 students and delivered hygiene education, equipping the entire community to navigate the health crisis more effectively. Altogether, these initiatives have positively impacted more than 9,000 people.

Closing Remark

PHAAE’s work is far from over. It is driven by a vision of a world where no child is denied access to clean water and proper sanitation simply because of their birthplace. PHAAE continues to work in rural communities across Nigeria, expanding its reach and deepening its impact.

– Staff Reports
Photo: Flickr

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The Shanghai Oasis Green Food Bank in China

The Shanghai Oasis Green Food Bank in ChinaOver the past few decades, China has stunned the world with its rapid economic growth. Indeed Shanghai stands out as a modern and populous port city. However, urbanization brings challenges. Although the GDP per capita in Shanghai rose to 85,000 RMB, the city’s surveyed unemployment rate climbed to 4.5% in 2023. Additionally, food waste poses a significant issue. Shanghai contributes 5 million tons to the country’s total of 10 million tons of food waste annually.

Food Waste Problem in China

China discards food valued at approximately 200 billion RMB each year. This waste is a significant loss that affects the economic stability of food supply chain participants. Furthermore, it challenges the livelihoods of hundreds of millions of Chinese smallholder farmers. This substantial waste not only signifies a loss of economic potential but also squanders essential resources like water, seed and labor, all scarce in China. Moreover, these conditions have made China the world’s largest importer of food. Despite this, urban disposable income in China saw a substantial increase, rising to more than 30,000 RMB in 2015. For reference, this is nearly five times the amount in 2000, China’s National Bureau of Statistics reported. To address these ongoing issues, Li Bing founded the Shanghai Oasis Green Food Bank in 2015.

6 Initiatives of the Oasis Green Food Bank

  1. China’s First Food Bank. Shanghai Oasis Green Food Bank is China’s first food bank. Inspired by her participation at the Annual Foodbanking Leader Institute (FBLI) Conference in March 2015, hosted by the Global Foodbanking Network (GFN), science student Li Bing committed to fighting poverty in her hometown, Shanghai. Within less than three months, Bing launched the inaugural Shanghai Oasis Green Food Bank store in a district of Shanghai.
  2. Front-line Operational Model. Shanghai Oasis Green Food Bank adopts a ‘front-line’ model, which differs from the ‘warehouse’ food bank models prevalent in many other countries. While the ‘warehouse’ model involves storing food and distributing it to charity organizations that then deliver it to recipients, the organization directly collects food from donors and distributes it to those in need.
  3. Donations and Partnerships. Shanghai Oasis Green Food Bank receives donations from large corporations, including KFC and ALDI. ALDI China partnered with the organization in 2018 and together, they have delivered 750 tons of food to the community. According to the Shanghai Daily, KFC donated 1,600 tons of frozen fries to the food bank in 2020.
  4. Love Package, Shared Fridge and Daily Distribution. The food bank utilizes several distribution methods to meet daily nutritional needs: Love Package, Shared Fridge and Daily Distribution. In the Shared Fridge approach, the charity provides refrigerators in its store that people can access for processed products. Daily Distribution targets items that must be distributed by the day’s end. The Love Package, its most popular method, involves monthly distributions of staples like oil and rice to more than 200 families. Beyond food distribution, the organization also engages in charity events, such as “An Egg’s Rampage.”  The Rampage is an eight-kilometer walk in Guangzhou designed to raise funds and awareness for illiterate and malnourished children.
  5. Staples to 860,000 People. The initiative, owned by Shanghai Oasis Public Service Development Center, has distributed staples to 860,000 people. This was achieved through more than 500 bases. From Jan. to Oct. 2020 alone, it distributed 157 tons of food, valued at approximately $1,438,305 (9.33 million RMB). The food bank has earned a 4A bronze medal from the Civil Affairs Bureau of Shanghai and is the only Chinese food bank listed in the World Food Bank. In addition, it won the Global Food Bank Innovation Award in 2018 and the 2017 Excellence in Social Innovation Partnership from the European Chamber of Commerce, highlighting its significant contributions to food security.
  6. National Delivery to Rural Areas. Shanghai Oasis Green Food Bank faces challenges in attracting donors due to public concerns about the quality of food donated to vulnerable communities. In response, the food bank has established food standards for donations, balancing quality with quantity. Additionally, it has expanded its reach by participating in Taobao, China’s online lifestyle platform and now offers national delivery services to rural areas.

Looking Ahead

Through innovative distribution methods and strategic partnerships, Shanghai Oasis Green Food Bank has broadened food access to support vulnerable communities across China. With substantial contributions from donors and an emphasis on quality standards, the organization exemplifies a community-driven approach to mitigating food waste and addressing hunger. As China’s first food bank, it sets a significant precedent, enhancing both local and national efforts toward sustainable food security.

– Jimmy Nguyen

Jimmy is based in Savannah, GA, USA and focuses on Business and Global Health for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Organizations Advancing Menstrual Health Awareness in Pakistan

Menstrual Health Awareness in PakistanPeriod poverty is an ongoing global issue that prohibits millions of girls and women from living their daily lives. Limited access to sanitary products, clean water and sanitation means women, especially those living in developing countries, struggle with their menstrual health and personal hygiene. The impact of this is damaging as it keeps many girls and women from attending school or work.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 1.5 billion people worldwide are still deprived of access to basic sanitation facilities. Period poverty also arises from the lack of education and proper awareness of one’s menstrual health. Even today, many girls only come to know about menstruation once they experience it. That said, here are three organizations improving menstrual health awareness in Pakistan, as well as equipping them with the tools they need.

HER

HER is a women-headed organization focusing on creating lifelong social change by supporting communities to overcome the menstrual-related obstructions they face. It does this by delivering educational programs such as the “School Puberty Education Program,” which is aimed at educating and providing training to parents and teachers. Hence, they are aware of puberty changes and can create safe spaces for their children.

“Oh my period” is a group run by the organization which allows girls and women to openly talk about everything related to menstruation and provides the opportunity for young people to learn from one another’s experiences. HER also encourages policy change, hoping to end poverty and reduce the stigma around menstruation by advocating for menstrual equity. The organization has served 38,000 periods, impacting more than 110,000 people.

Santex

Santex is a well-known pioneer in the personal hygiene brand. Founded in 1983, it began as a family-led business focusing on providing a healthy lifestyle for everyone, irrespective of their socioeconomic background. It aims to develop innovative and unique sanitary products to serve women from all corners of Pakistan. One of its leading products, “Butterfly” sanitary pads, was the first “stick-on” menstruation product in Pakistan. In Santex’s own words, it is “the only company to introduce breathable sanitary napkins and panty liners in Pakistan that allows women to breeze through puberty and periods.”

The organization aims to remove taboos relating to menstruation and raise awareness about personal hygiene. In 2022, Santex joined hands with the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) to continue the discussion of period poverty and barriers women face due to a lack of menstrual health awareness. Both organizations have committed to developing innovative research that will provide high-quality and safe menstrual products for women. Santex has served more than one million periods and trained 184,867 women regarding menstrual health.

Aahung

Aahung, a nonprofit organization founded in Karachi in 1995, aims to spread awareness and improve the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) of women, men and youths across Pakistan. The organization focuses on empowering and educating young girls and women about their reproductive health rights. This is achieved by disseminating information and ensuring high-quality access to health care facilities. Aahung collaborates with educational institutions and workplace structures to deliver training to people through its various programs.

In 2022, the organization reached 73,645 people, trained 75 schoolteachers and held 40 training sessions to educate parents about SRHR. When catastrophic floods hit Sindh in 2022, Aahung worked to ensure young girls and women facing menstrual issues during the crisis were not abandoned. The organization distributed 300 menstrual kits containing essential sanitary products, soap and other personal hygiene items. It also held informational sessions where women could openly discuss menstruation-related issues and receive needed support.

Final Thoughts

The stigma around a woman’s period remains widespread and is a primary cause of period poverty in developing nations. However, the organizations mentioned above are making significant progress in reducing the taboo surrounding women’s bodies and health. Their work will continue to improve menstrual health awareness in Pakistan, to the benefit of many women across the country.

– Aleena Shahid

Aleena is based in Bradford, UK and focuses on Good News for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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5 Ways Renewable Energy Can Transform Developing Countries

5 Ways Renewable Energy Can Transform Developing CountriesAccording to Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF), 2017 saw an unprecedented global rise in demand for renewable energy. Renewable energy production in developing countries has now surpassed the capacity generated by fossil sources. Focusing on Goal 7 (affordable and clean energy), Leonardo Souza from the Statistics Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) highlighted key points from the special edition of the Secretary-General’s report on progress toward the SDGs. He reported that nearly 2 billion people will still rely on polluting fuels and technologies for cooking by 2030. He also noted that renewable sources comprised 19% of global final energy consumption in 2020, with two-thirds coming from modern renewable energy sources.

Global Efforts for Sustainable Energy

Moving toward sustainable modern energy will require renewable sources to constitute 60% of power generation by 2030, supporting resilient industry and infrastructure in developing countries. The World Bank, which currently has a $10 billion portfolio in energy projects, supported Nigeria’s electrification program that has transformed the country. Accelerating global electrification will necessitate a fundamental shift in the conception of energy access.

5 Ways Renewable Energy Transforms Developing Countries

  1. Economic Growth. Renewable energy positively impacts economic growth in developing countries by enhancing sustainable development and energy security. The clean development mechanism, as part of the Kyoto Protocol under the UNFCCC, promotes the deployment of renewable energy technologies, which helps mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Developed nations fund these renewable energy programs, facilitating the adoption of green technology in developing regions. This transition not only reduces dependency on fossil fuels but also creates job opportunities and stimulates local economies. Despite challenges such as higher manufacturing costs and lack of financial resources, increasing the reliance on renewable energy sources is crucial for developing countries’ growth and economic stability.
  1. Create Employment Opportunities. Renewable energy positively impacts job creation in developing countries by fostering labor-intensive industries and providing numerous employment opportunities. Unlike traditional fossil fuels, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power require more labor per megawatt of energy produced. This increased labor intensity translates to more jobs in producing and maintaining renewable energy infrastructure. Energy efficiency improvements, which often rely on unskilled labor in the construction sector, can further boost employment. These opportunities are particularly attractive for developing countries, where job creation is crucial for economic growth.
  1. Improve Health Outcomes. Studies reveal that increased renewable energy consumption enhances the quality of life in low-income African countries. This improvement can be attributed to the environmentally friendly nature of renewable energy. Alternative energy sources can reduce pollution and mitigate climate change, leading to better health conditions. By incorporating a substantial amount of renewable energy into their energy mix, these countries can achieve sustainable development goals related to good health and well-being. This, in turn, encourages economic growth, as healthier populations are more productive and can contribute more effectively to the economy. Thus, renewable energy not only supports environmental sustainability but also drives economic development by enhancing public health.
  1. Reduce Environmental Impact. By exploiting clean energy sources like solar, wind and geothermal, countries are decreasing their reliance on fossil fuels. Furthermore, this also leads to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. This not only improves air quality by reducing pollution and associated health issues but also contributes to global climate change mitigation. Additionally, the implementation of renewable energy helps preserve natural resources and promotes a more sustainable use of the environment, which is crucial for long-term sustainable development.
  1. Enhance Energy Security. By adopting renewable energy sources such as hydroelectric power, developing countries have reduced their dependence on imported fossil fuels, which are often subject to price volatility and supply disruptions. This shift not only ensures a more consistent energy supply but also supports economic stability and growth. Additionally, renewable energy projects create local jobs, stimulating economic development and providing employment opportunities. The environmental benefits, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions, further contribute to the sustainability of these nations. Renewable energy systems are more resilient to natural disasters. Indeed, they can be deployed in remote areas, ensuring reliable energy access to underserved communities.

Looking Ahead

Renewable energy holds significant transformative potential for developing countries. By adopting solar, wind and hydroelectric power, these nations can drive economic growth. Furthermore, initiatives will create jobs, improve health outcomes, reduce environmental impact and enhance energy security. As these countries seek sustainable solutions for their energy needs, renewable energy emerges as a promising and transformative approach that can potentially lead to a brighter and more sustainable future.

– Maria Urioste

Maria is based in Maspeth, NY, USA and focuses on Good News for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Poverty in Venezuela: Foreign Aid as a Lifeline

Poverty in VenezuelaOnce a prosperous country rich in natural resources, Venezuela now faces an alarming poverty crisis. With hyperinflation, food shortages and a collapsing health care system, millions of Venezuelans struggle to meet basic needs. In this challenging landscape, foreign aid has become a crucial lifeline, delivering essential services that the government is increasingly unable to provide.

The Role of Foreign Aid

Venezuela’s economy has spiraled for years, burdened by political turmoil, reliance on oil exports and international sanctions. As a result, more than seven million Venezuelans urgently need assistance. Foreign aid, primarily through nonprofits and international organizations, has become essential, filling the gaps in food security, health care and clean water access. Many Venezuelans depend on foreign aid to survive and keep families together and communities functioning.

World Food Programme

World Food Programme (WFP) World Food Programme is one of Venezuela’s largest humanitarian agencies providing food assistance. Its programs focus on distributing food baskets and providing school meals to fight hunger and malnutrition. WFP has aimed to reach at least 1.5 million children, especially in rural areas, where food scarcity is most severe. By targeting schools, WFP ensures that children receive proper nutrition and are encouraged to continue their education.

International Rescue Committee

The International Rescue Committee (IRC) provides essential health care, emergency support and cash assistance in Venezuela. It works with families to ensure access to lifesaving medicines and health services, which are otherwise too expensive or unavailable. The IRC also collaborates with partners in neighboring countries to assist those fleeing Venezuela, supporting them with food, shelter and legal assistance. The IRC’s focus on holistic support allows it to address immediate needs while helping people stabilize for the future.

Caritas Internationalis

Caritas Internationalis is a Catholic humanitarian organization with a strong local network across Venezuela. It provides food, medicine and clean water to those most affected by the crisis, including families in remote areas. Caritas also has nutritional programs that target malnourished children and pregnant women, who are most vulnerable to the effects of food insecurity. The organization runs soup kitchens, distributes medical supplies and promotes community health initiatives.

Challenges and Gaps in Aid

While these organizations are achieving significant impacts, their challenges are substantial. Political restrictions make it difficult for foreign organizations to operate freely and aid workers often face bureaucratic barriers that delay the delivery of supplies. Additionally, underfunding limits the reach of their programs. Despite their best efforts, organizations like WFP, IRC and MSF often report funding shortfalls, which prevent them from scaling their efforts to meet the growing demand.

A Call to Action

The poverty crisis in Venezuela is one of the most pressing humanitarian issues today, yet it receives limited global attention. Donor countries, private sectors and international institutions need to increase their support for Venezuelan aid. Without sustained and coordinated aid efforts, the situation will only worsen, deepening poverty and further destabilizing the region.

– Yuhan Ji

Yuhan is based in Cambridge, MA, USA and focuses on Good News for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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HIV/AIDs in Indonesia

HIV/AIDs in Indonesia Nearly 39.9 million people are currently living with HIV/AIDs today. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) attacks cells that protect the body from infections, leading to increased vulnerability to infections and diseases within the human body. HIV can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDs), which often signifies a highly impaired immune system and can heavily reduce the predicted lifespan. While there is no standalone procedure for HIV, patients can receive antiretroviral therapy (ART), which is an ongoing treatment that uses viral suppression to decrease the amount of HIV in the blood. Some medicines can help prevent people from contracting HIV before a certain activity or experience (sex, drugs, etc.). However, without testing opportunities, it is nearly impossible to detect the presence of HIV, which is why having structured programs and opportunities for testing and treatment is crucial to our livelihoods

HIV/AIDs in Indonesia: Barriers

In 2023, 570,000 people were living with HIV/AIDs in Indonesia. Indonesia is the fifth most vulnerable (to HIV/AIDs) country in Asia. The main causes of HIV/AIDs transmission in Indonesia are unprotected sexual activities, unsanitary drug injection and communal needle use. The leading cause is sexual transmission, which accounts for nearly 89% of all cases. Not enough information is available among the Indonesian population, leading to an absolute lack of awareness.

Currently, the largest barrier regarding HIV/AIDs treatment in Indonesia is financial access to health care. Most Indonesians are unaware of their status (regarding the virus) and do not have access to testing or cannot afford treatment. Additionally, there is the social fear of rejection that many living with HIV/AIDs face. Having HIV/AIDs, though out of people’s control, often leads to social rejection and distancing. People may fear having ties cut between them and their family or friends, disallowing them from sharing their status and getting help.

Treatment of HIV/AIDs in Indonesia

As of February 2024, nearly 130,000 people are receiving ARP therapy in Indonesia, which is a great start, according to the 2024 Frontiers Article. With the help of UNAIDS, Indonesia is now much more intensive on HIV testing (so people living with HIV/AIDs are aware of their status and can get help) and treating those with HIV as well. Additionally, the government is attempting to put HIV or STI services into health benefits packages, so more people can access them, according to the 2024 Frontiers Article. The Indonesian Government is also taking the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines much more seriously and attempting to implement them in more facets of the country.

According to the 2024 Frontiers Article, Indonesia is also actively trying to involve private health care providers and diversify treatment to increase its outreach.

IAC and AHF

Based in Jakarta, the Indonesian AIDs Coalition (IAC) primarily helps communities and locals. It has specifically worked on the financial aspects of treatment (increasing accessibility) and allowing for a more inclusive and accepting space for those living with HIV/AIDs in Indonesia, according to the 2024 Frontiers Article. The IAC holds the Global Fund Principal Recipient status and used the Global Fund to Fight AIDs, Tuberculosis and Malaria’s grant for HIV in Indonesia.

AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) has been conducting HIV testing to help people figure out their status. It helps with treatment, specifically by offering free ARV drugs, according to the 2024 Frontiers Article. AHF has also begun focusing on “housing, food security, and pandemic response and preparedness” as well.

LAP, SWING and UNAIDS

One Child One Life program by Lentera Anak Pelangi (LAP) primarily focuses on psychological support for adolescents and children. This program specifically offers mental support along with educating younger people who have HIV/AIDs, according to the 2024 Frontiers Article. By providing an environment of people with similar circumstances, LAP can provide solidarity to children with HIV and build their confidence. The program is especially good at helping those with HIV/AIDs return to school and continue their normal lives.

Service Workers in Group Foundation (SWING) focuses on working with female sex workers. In the process, the group tries to highlight the dangers of HIV/AIDs and how to protect themselves and others from the disease,  according to the 2024 Frontiers Article. Often, sex workers are not able to access health clinics (due to working hours and schedule), though they need to check their health and stay in good condition. Considering that their job provides many opportunities for contraction of diseases (such as HIV/AIDs), getting tested is incredibly important.

Along with the US Government, UNAIDS has partnered with the Indonesian Government to partake in PEFPAR, to help Indonesia reach its HIV targets and improve treatment. One of UNAIDS’s many focuses is eradicating stigma or discrimination towards those living with HIV, and fostering a more accepting community, according to its website.

Overall, there is so much being done to increase HIV testing, improve treatment, and address and eliminate stigma around HIV in Indonesia. With these groups working together and in tandem with the Indonesian government, Indonesia is getting closer and closer to reaching its goal of HIV eradication!

– Lakshya Anand

Lakshya is based in Bellevue, Washington, USA and focuses on Global Health for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Unsplash

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The Growth of Telemedicine in Peru

Telemedicine in PeruThe COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the global shift to telehealth, enabling health care professionals and patients to connect remotely. However, resource disparities meant some countries faced greater challenges in transitioning. The shift to telemedicine was particularly difficult in Peru, which borders Chile and Bolivia, due to limited infrastructure and internet access, especially in rural areas.

Background of Telemedicine in Peru

Peru’s health system is divided into three practices, the first one being Social Security Hospitals (SSH), the second being the Federal Government Hospitals (FGH) and then private hospitals. The growth of internet access in Peru started in 2005. That year the first regulatory document related to telehealth was approved by the “Supreme Decree No. 028-2005-MTC.” Furthermore, in 2009, the first technical standards were approved to set guidelines for these online services. Later, in 2016, a framework was set for expanding telehealth, such as the ability to fill out prescriptions online.

When the pandemic hit, the full force of telemedicine and telecommunication services was set into motion. However, Peru is divided into three main geographical regions: the Coast, the Peruvian Andes and the Jungle. Internet access remains limited across these areas, with only 63.3% of residents on the Coast, 36% in the Andes and 33% in the Jungle having connectivity. This disparity poses a significant challenge to the advancement of telemedicine, as limited internet access hinders the reach of digital health care services to remote and underserved communities.

What Is Being Done?

“Teleatiendo,” created by the Ministry of Health of Peru, provides online consultations for those seeking virtual health care services. Other online resources, such as the “Cayetano Heredia National Hospital” teleconsultation application, specifically support diabetic patients. Looking toward the future, the incoming candidates for Congress and the presidential seat have promised to work on making the Internet more available nationwide.

Peru has the highest internet costs in Latin America, posing a barrier to equal access, especially in telemedicine advancements. More structured frameworks are being set in motion for mobile health apps (mHealth) based on different evaluations, such as effectiveness and security. Due to 60% of the population being in a lower socioeconomic sphere, accessing these technologies is difficult. However, the “WiLD multihop network” could improve connectivity in underserved areas, making health care access more feasible for those in remote or low-income communities.

Partners in Health

Partners in Health is an organization dedicated to creating “preferential options” for the impoverished in health care. The organization has developed seven telemedicine applications to improve health care access, each tailored to specific needs:

  1. Bienestár: Provides free mental health screenings and connects users to specialized psychologists.
  2. KUSKA: Offers similar mental health support but is available in Quechua, catering to Peru’s indigenous population.
  3. Soy Qhalikay: Detects type 2 diabetes and hypertension, prompting follow-up care from nursing and nutrition teams.
  4. Chatea con tu Nutri: Connects users to health facilities focused on diet and exercise improvements.
  5. ALMA: Supports breast cancer prevention by providing free mammograms to at-risk women.
  6. GESTamor: Assists pregnant individuals with referrals for prenatal care and health monitoring.
  7. CASITA: Offers free screenings and educational resources to detect infant developmental delays, with training and support for caregivers.

Each app is vital in expanding health care access across different demographics in Peru.

The Future of Telemedicine in Peru

As telemedicine expands in Peru, so does the push for broader internet access, ensuring that all citizens can access essential health care. Significant progress has been made in recent years, with the trajectory continuing upward as internet availability increases and telemedicine gains a stronger foothold in the country. These advancements promise a future where health care is more accessible and inclusive for all Peruvians.

– Isabella Chavez

Isabella is Swampscott, MA, USA and focuses on Technology and Global Health for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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The Gender Wage Gap in Sri Lanka: Bridging the Divide

Wage Gap in Sri LankaSri Lanka, renowned for its achievements in education and health care, still faces significant gender inequality, particularly in wages. According to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) report, “Making Our Future: New Directions for Human Development in Asia and the Pacific,” social disparity remains prevalent, with a persistent gender wage gap limiting economic opportunities and exacerbating poverty in Sri Lanka. Closing this gap is crucial not only for gender equity but also for fostering economic growth and reducing poverty.

Current Status of the Gender Wage Gap in Sri Lanka

The gender wage gap in Sri Lanka remains significant. A recent International Labour Organization (ILO) report shows that women earn, on average, 30-36% less than their male counterparts. This gap is even wider in the informal sector, where many women are employed. They are often concentrated in low-wage sectors like agriculture, textiles and services. In contrast, high-paying sectors such as IT, engineering and finance remain male-dominated, widening the income divide.

While Sri Lanka performs well on global gender indices, particularly in education, the wage disparity highlights a deeper issue: economic progress has not translated into pay equity. Women still face wage discrimination and are often steered into lower-paying jobs, pointing to systemic barriers that need addressing.

Key Factors Contributing to the Gender Wage Gap

Occupational segregation remains a key issue. Despite women’s critical economic contributions, they are concentrated in lower-wage industries. Sectors like agriculture and textiles, where women predominate, tend to be undervalued. Cultural norms further compound the issue, with societal expectations often prioritizing women’s roles as caregivers, pushing them toward part-time or informal work. This “double burden” limits their full-time employment and career progression opportunities, constraining their earning potential.

Education and skills gaps also play a role. Although Sri Lanka has made strides in female education, women remain underrepresented in high-paying fields like science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). Without targeted initiatives to encourage women’s participation in these fields, wage disparities will likely persist. Workplace discrimination and unconscious bias further entrench wage inequality. Women face obstacles in promotions, salary negotiations and leadership roles. Although legal frameworks exist to promote gender equality, weak enforcement leaves many women vulnerable to wage discrimination.

The Impact of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has widened Sri Lanka’s gender wage gap. The economic downturn disproportionately affected Women, particularly those in low-paying, informal jobs. Sectors such as hospitality, textiles and domestic services—where women are heavily represented—suffered severe losses during lockdowns.

The burden of unpaid caregiving also increased during the pandemic, with many women leaving the workforce to care for children or elderly relatives. This prolonged absence from the labor market has long-term repercussions on their earning potential, threatening to reverse years of progress toward wage equality.

Addressing the Gender Wage Gap in Sri Lanka

To close the gender wage gap in Sri Lanka, a comprehensive approach involving government intervention and support from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) is essential. Enforcing existing equal pay laws and conducting regular wage audits are necessary first steps. According to U.N. Women, strengthening labor laws to ensure equal pay for equal work across all sectors is crucial for narrowing the gap.

NGOs play a pivotal role in advocating for women’s economic empowerment. For example, the Women’s Development Federation (WDF) in Sri Lanka has been actively working to empower women through skills training, entrepreneurship programs and advocacy for fair wages. Its initiatives have enabled thousands of women to gain financial independence by entering nontraditional sectors or starting small businesses. This has helped to bridge the wage gap in local communities.

Another notable organization, CARE International, has launched initiatives like the Made by Women movement, which focuses on improving working conditions and wages for women in the textile industry. Its advocacy has led to partnerships with local businesses to ensure better pay and opportunities for women workers, serving as a model for other industries.

The government can also expand women’s access to high-paying fields through targeted education and vocational training programs. According to recommendations from the UNDP, providing scholarships and incentives for women to pursue careers in traditionally male-dominated fields like STEM can help bridge the skills gap and diversify the workforce.

Addressing the caregiving burden through policies like affordable childcare and family-friendly work environments would enable more women to participate fully in the workforce. Such measures would encourage women to return to work after caregiving responsibilities, reducing career interruptions and ensuring better career progression.

A Path Forward: Economic Growth and Gender Equality

Addressing the gender wage gap is not just an issue of fairness—it’s crucial for Sri Lanka’s economic growth. Studies indicate that closing the wage gap could significantly boost the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) by increasing women’s labor force participation and productivity. Reducing gender wage inequality could lift many families from poverty, contributing to national economic resilience.

While Sri Lanka has progressed in some areas of gender equality, the wage gap remains a substantial barrier to true economic equity. A coordinated effort from the government, private sector and civil society is necessary to dismantle the barriers that keep women in low-wage roles and ensure equal opportunities.

– Nandini Bhatia

Nandini is based in the United Kingdom and focuses on Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr