Archive for category: Conflict

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Organizations Offering Humanitarian Aid in Lebanon

Lebanon Conflict Escalates: Organizations Offering Humanitarian AidIn Lebanon, Israeli airstrikes in densely populated areas have displaced more than 1 million people, resulting in more than 2,300 deaths and 11,100 injuries. The Middle Eastern country, bordering Israel has a population of 5.2 million, including 400,000 Palestinian refugees and 1.5 million Syrian refugees. Violence escalated in September with pager explosions in Beirut, leading up to a full military assault. With Lebanon already facing an economic crisis, the surge in violence has made humanitarian aid critically necessary.

Oxfam 

Oxfam runs the ‘Gaza-Lebanon Appeal,’ seeking public donations to assist with humanitarian aid in Gaza and Lebanon. The charity uses these funds to improve access to clean water and provide emergency cash, food and hygiene kits. Oxfam also supports displaced individuals in shelters across Beirut, Mount Lebanon and North Lebanon. It advocates for an ‘immediate and permanent ceasefire’ to end the conflict and facilitate greater aid flow across borders.

The Lebanese Red Cross

In Lebanon, the Red Cross serves as the ‘lead emergency responder,’ uniquely providing ambulance services and managing a blood bank for distributing donated blood. By the end of September 2024, the charity had dispatched 254 ambulances staffed by 810 medical workers and distributed 45,988 ready meals and 22,349 food packages. The Red Cross further conducts rescue searches and evacuations.

Action Against Hunger

Action Against Hunger provides vital humanitarian aid in Lebanon and works globally to end hunger in 59 countries. In Lebanon, the charity focuses on the Southern Red Zones—areas devastated by conflict—supplying food, water, medicine and shelter. The organization emphasizes the need for more donations to continue distributing necessary aid.

Medical Aid for Palestinians

Medical Aid for Palestinians (MAP) operates in Gaza, Lebanon and the West Bank, focusing on displaced individuals in refugee camps. The organization provides mental health support, psychological services and immediate medical aid. Midwives volunteer to assist pregnant women, mothers and children; the charity distributes medical kits. MAP is planning a two-week mission to send a medical team to aid the injured. The organization advocates for a permanent ceasefire and urges the United Kingdom (U.K.) government to suspend arms sales to Israel.

Médecins Sans Frontières – Doctors Without Borders

Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) operates mobile health clinics in Lebanon’s shelters, providing essential items such as mattresses and hygiene kits and running a mental health helpline. This helpline supports those grappling with the psychological impacts of conflict, grief, displacement and separation. It is particularly beneficial for children who face premature adulthood, displacement, educational losses and limited access to food. MSF also provides in-person mental health assistance through mobile units. As of Oct. 21, the organization has conducted nearly 5,000 psychological first-aid sessions and facilitated 450 individual sessions. This mental health support is crucial for Palestinian and Syrian refugees in Lebanon, who live with the constant fear of deportation and struggle to find safety.

Age International

Age International is actively running a Middle East Humanitarian Appeal that specifically assists older individuals in Lebanon and Gaza. The charity acknowledges the heightened risks faced by the elderly, who often struggle to receive support due to disabilities, mobility issues and illnesses. By providing medical assistance and assistive products, such as walking sticks, Age International aids those who find it difficult to access support.

Looking Ahead

Humanitarian aid is flowing steadily into Lebanon as international and local organizations mobilize to support vulnerable populations affected by the ongoing conflict. With targeted assistance, including clean water, medical care, food and shelter, efforts by groups like Oxfam, the Lebanese Red Cross and others are crucial in providing immediate relief. Specialized support, such as mental health counseling and aid for the elderly, helps address the diverse needs of those impacted. These ongoing collective actions are vital in sustaining and protecting affected communities in a nation already grappling with significant economic challenges.

– Ellie Western

Ellie is based in London, UK and focuses on Global Health and Celebs for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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How Regional Conflict Is Worsening Lebanon’s Electricity Crisis

Lebanon’s Electricity CrisisSince the end of the civil war in 1990, Lebanon has struggled with an electricity crisis due to a lack of investment in the state-run electricity provider Electricité du Liban (EDL) and misuse of funds by government officials. As a result, EDL can only provide electricity for as little as 1-2 hours each day in 2022, leaving the country in a persistent state of power shortages. Achieving 24-hour access to electricity is only possible through the use of private generators.

The severity of the outages varies significantly per region, with Beirut receiving an average of 21 hours of electricity a day. However, areas further from the capital receive much less, leading to higher private generator bills. The inconsistency of electricity from the state-run electricity provider has had significant implications for the population, especially the nation’s impoverished, who cannot afford to buy private generators. Lama Fakih, Middle East and North Africa director at Human Rights Watch explains that “Lebanon’s electricity crisis is leaving people in the dark and dramatically reducing people’s access to critical rights such as food, water, education and health care.”

The Impact of Regional War

Before the Lebanon-Israel conflict erupted, The National News reported that both sides had threatened to target energy infrastructure in the event of war. Such actions would disrupt essential services, including telecommunications, sanitation networks, irrigation systems and hospitals, all of which depend on electricity to operate.

Since October 2023, Hezbollah has launched airstrikes on Israel, stating that they would halt their actions in exchange for a ceasefire in Gaza. One year later, with no truce reached, Israel began launching heavy strikes on Lebanon. Approximately 60% of border communities in the south have sustained infrastructural damage, impacting residential buildings, roads, water supplies, electrical grids and telecommunications. This destruction has resulted in casualties among maintenance workers and health care staff, intensifying the existing energy crisis.

The war has further strained EDL, which struggles to meet demand even under normal circumstances. According to The Jerusalem Post, EDL recently announced a nationwide power shutdown, stating, “After exploiting all the other options to extend the duration of power production to the maximum possible, the company’s last power plant has ceased power supply across all Lebanese territories, due to a lack of fuel and with that, the power supply to all of Lebanon has been completely halted.” This shutdown affects critical facilities, including the airport, ports, water pumps, sewage systems and prisons.

Organizations on the Ground

Organizations working on the ground to help ease Lebanon’s electricity crisis include Aid Pioneers. This Berlin-based organization began its efforts in 2020, providing humanitarian relief following the Beirut port explosion. Aid Pioneers primarily focuses on medical procurement and clean energy access. Through partnerships with groups like the Altenburg Foundation and Ströer, it has raised millions of dollars, supporting 40,000 people across various projects.

Local organizations like the Lebanese Solar Energy Society (LSES) are also working to address Lebanon’s energy crisis. Operating since 1980, LSES focuses on providing sustainable energy solutions. Through public education on solar energy, high-quality technical support for efficient solar panel installation and ongoing advocacy, LSES aims to promote energy independence and long-term sustainability in Lebanon.

What Does the Future Hold?

With the ongoing conflict with Israel and continued infrastructure damage, Lebanon’s electricity crisis is expected to worsen. Humanitarian organizations and the government are increasingly focused on immediate security and humanitarian needs, often placing energy reforms on the back burner. The U.S. has attempted to broker ceasefire negotiations among the parties involved, but these efforts have remained inconclusive. According to Reuters, Hamas has rejected a temporary truce, stating that current ceasefire proposals do not meet its conditions.

Israeli officials have also indicated that diplomacy alone will not prompt a ceasefire, as it demands that Hezbollah comply with UNSCR 1701, which prohibits the presence of its fighters near the Israeli border. With no ceasefire in sight, a resolution to the crisis appears distant. Given that EDL struggled to meet demand even before the war, any improvements in the energy situation are likely to be minimal, even if all parties eventually reach a ceasefire agreement.

– Floria Persis

Floria is based in London, UK and focuses on Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Sawré Muybu: A Landmark Win for Indigenous Peoples in Brazil

Sawré MuybuIn 2022, the Statista Research Department reported that 33.2% of Indigenous peoples in Brazil live below the poverty line, subsisting on less than $2.15 a day. This statistic highlights the many systemic barriers that Indigenous communities in Brazil face. Among the most pressing is the ongoing encroachment on Indigenous lands: miners and loggers increased their invasions from 109 in 2018 to 305 in 2021.

These incursions threaten the livelihoods of Indigenous communities who rely on the land for farming, fishing and hunting. One egregious example of the detrimental effects of these invasions is the use of toxic mercury by gold miners to extract gold. This contaminates rivers and endangers both community health and cultural traditions like fishing. Furthermore, the resulting food scarcity and deforestation have driven many Indigenous people to relocate to cities, where they face discrimination and have limited access to health care.

Conflict Over Sawré Muybu

Within the heart of the Amazon lies the Sawré Muybu, an Indigenous land inhabited by the Munduruku people for generations. Rich in diverse plant and animal life, safeguarding this land is essential to preserving an ancestral way of life that connects deeply to the forest and is grounded in cultural and spiritual harmony. However, frequent land invasions by miners and loggers threaten the Munduruku people’s livelihoods and their ability to sustain this ancestral way of life. Leaders of the Munduruku community have endured violence and death threats for defending their territory, highlighting the severe risks they take to protect their land and heritage.

Demarcation establishes the legal process of officially defining and protecting Indigenous lands, creating clear boundaries to recognize and safeguard the rights of Indigenous communities to their ancestral territories. This process is crucial for preventing incursions by external parties, such as miners and loggers and preserving Indigenous livelihoods and culture. The demarcation process for the Sawré Muybu territory began in 2007 but saw long delays due to the economic sway of the mining industry in the region.

In 2014, the Munduruku people took control by self-demarcating their land, marking its borders and driving out intruders. This act carried significant political weight and inspired other Indigenous communities across Brazil to assert their rights in similar ways.

The Demarcation of the Sawré Muybu Territory

On September 25, 2024, Brazil’s Minister of Justice officially decreed the demarcation of the Sawré Muybu territory, achieving a major victory for Indigenous peoples in Brazil. This 17-year struggle for the Munduruku’s ancestral land highlights the power of solidarity and persistent advocacy in influencing political decisions on Indigenous rights. With this demarcation, incursions on the land are now illegal, placing a duty on the government to enforce the decree, remove land invaders and prevent any acts of violent retaliation.

The Path Ahead for Indigenous Rights

This victory marks a pivotal step toward Indigenous dignity and rights amid the numerous pressures affecting Indigenous peoples in Brazil. Indeed, it stands not only as a landmark in the fight for land rights but also as a triumph for human rights, poverty reduction and environmental preservation. Furthermore, it demonstrates that Indigenous voices possess strength—and, if ignored, will find ways to be heard.

Chief Juarez Saw of Sawré Muybu village aptly expressed this sentiment upon the decree’s signing: “Yesterday was a victory for all of us who depend on the forest, which means the whole world. For forest defenders, the minister’s signature was very important in helping us to guarantee the preservation of nature and the standing forest. When I speak of our victory, I speak of our collective victory.”

– William Pickering

William is based in Nottingham, UK and focuses on Good News and Technology for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Health Care Crisis in Sudan

Health care crisis in SudanSudan faces its second year of civil war due to a power struggle between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). Before the conflict, Sudan was already facing a humanitarian crisis caused by long-term political and economic instability. This year, Sudan was at the top of the list of countries in need of humanitarian assistance due to the escalation of conflict, mass movement of people, and the health care crisis in Sudan.

The Ongoing Civil War

The power struggle between the SAF and the RSF has created division within the country, with the SAF controlling the eastern regions and the RSF controlling the cities of Khartoum and the west. Foreign involvement also further intensified the Civil war, with the UAE and Chad supporting the RSF and Russia supporting and supplying weapons to the SAF. This rivalry and divide create an opportunity for a fractured Sudan with foreign-backed factions, like the Militia warfare in Libya.

Therefore, the ongoing civil war in Sudan has created a need for urgent international attention and humanitarian aid. The World Food Program (WFP) states that this conflict has made “the world’s largest hunger crisis.” Sudan’s situation has impacted millions and has quickly become the largest displacement crisis.

More than 25 million people across Sudan and its neighboring countries, South Sudan and Chad, struggle to find stability, food and shelter. According to the U.N., around 14,000 people have been killed and double that have been injured. More than 3 million refugees have fled the war since April 2023, and more than 8 million are internally displaced.

Poverty and War

Due to the ongoing conflict, food insecurity has become an extreme issue for the Sudanese people. More than 755,000 people face famine-like hunger, and famine on a larger scale could become a reality. In Sudan, 70% of the population relies on agriculture and livestock; however, many of these areas are used as grounds for fighting due to the conflict, according to the British Red Cross.

According to the WFP, 90% of people in need of humanitarian assistance and facing hunger are stuck in isolated areas inaccessible to the WFP. Authorities revoked permission for trucks to cross the borders to reach Sudan which further disturbed the distribution of humanitarian aid. Therefore, thousands of people in Darfur are struggling with hunger and malnutrition.

Health Care Crisis and Human Rights in Sudan

This deadly conflict has completely deteriorated Sudan’s already vulnerable health care system, limiting people’s access to medical attention and essential resources. More than two-thirds of hospitals in conflict zones are out of service, while the remaining are facing closure due to medical supply shortages, limited funding and staff.

Targeted attacks on hospitals and health care workers have prevented injured patients’ including women and children, from receiving medical attention and help. Hospitals in Sudan lack food, water and medicine. This health care crisis in Sudan limits civilians’ access to essential health care services and basic human necessities. Physical and verbal violence against staff has also increased and many people cannot receive medical help due to pressure from external groups.

Moreover, displacement and people’s urgent need to flee have severely impacted the Sudanese population. The lack of health care, water and sanitation led to the spread of various infections and waterborne illnesses. An outbreak of measles has caused the death of more than 1,000 children across the country, while diseases like cholera continue to spread, with around 8,000 confirmed cases, according to the International Rescue Committee (IRC).

Overcrowded shelters also increase health risks for vulnerable groups. Families struggle due to high food prices, inadequate shelter and limited medicinal care for people with chronic illnesses. Children also lack access to education due to the severity and distress of the conflict. concerns over sexual violence and public safety are also rising. The UNHCR calls for urgent civilian protection and safe access to aid and shelter.

Solutions

In response to increasing needs, many organizations are contributing to humanitarian efforts in Sudan despite the security and political barriers limiting humanitarian assistance in the country. UNICEF is working to provide essential services for children, including nutrition, education and safe water. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) provides medical aid, equipment, and urgent surgical procedures for injured civilians.

In addition, Save the Children is working to provide children with psychological support and primarily focus on child protection. At the same time, Doctors Without Borders runs emergency medical projects in conflict zones, offering treatment for malnutrition, vaccine programs and trauma care.

Conclusion

The health care crisis in Sudan has reached critical levels, with most hospitals out of service or struggling to operate amidst the war. Hospitals and health care facilities are short on staff and supplies but face continuous attacks, making them difficult to access and limiting health care treatments. The displacement of people also makes it difficult for people to access basic needs like water and medicine, increasing the risk of sickness and diseases. Many humanitarian organizations are working to provide medical aid, food supplies and shelter. However, urgent international efforts are necessary to support Sudan’s health care system and ensure its people’s safety and security.

– Gufran Elhrari

Gufran is based in London, UK and focuses on Global Health and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Unsplash

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The UK’s Response to the Humanitarian Crisis in Lebanon

humanitarian crisis in LebanonThe reignition of conflict between Israel and Palestine marked October 2023. Whilst the aggression between these two regions caught the attention of the international community, the conflict also resurfaced historic tensions along the Israel-Lebanon border which has escalated to military raids and missile attacks between Hezbollah and Israel as of the end of September 2024. According to Lebanon’s Prime Minister Najib Mikati, air strikes have already displaced 1 million Lebanese citizens. This article will highlight how the U.K. responded to this new humanitarian crisis in Lebanon.

UK Government Donation to UNICEF in Lebanon

The British government announced it was donating £5 million to UNICEF to support the response to the humanitarian crisis in Lebanon. The package aims to address the needs of those displaced, including 74,000 children. To reach those displaced in Lebanon the money, sent on September 27, 2024, will go towards medical supplies, hygiene kits and fuel for water stations. The aid also includes training for emergency teams to respond to health and nutrition needs.

UNICEF currently has 35 shelters in Lebanon, which can host more than 14,000 people. Since the majority of these shelters are public schools the rising conflict has disrupted children’s learning. Despite this, UNICEF has delivered 26,380 liters of bottled water, 2,900 sleeping bags and two large high-performance tents to support demands for shelter.

The Development Director and Deputy Head of Mission at the British Embassy Beirut, Victoria Dunne welcomed the news on the UNICEF donation and stated: “We are profoundly saddened by the civilian deaths in Lebanon. The number of casualties and the scale of displacement is distressing…The U.K. has been and will remain a strong supporter of Lebanon.”

Poverty Rates and Humanitarian Crisis in Lebanon

Before the violence between Israel and Lebanon resurfaced, the country was already battling rising poverty rates. According to the World Bank, the level of poverty in the Middle Eastern country has “more than tripled over the last decade” and currently affects 44% of the population, as of May 2024. The World Bank recommends various interventions to reduce poverty in Lebanon. This includes implementing a social safety net, and macro-fiscal reforms to support price stability, allow space for social spending and make public transportation more accessible so citizens can reach public services such as healthcare.

The conflict could further damage Lebanon’s economy; the potential decline in tourism rates could produce a $450 million loss alongside the real estate and foreign direct investment sector, totalling $550 million in losses. This bleak economic forecast resulting from this conflict could exacerbate pre-existing poverty and humanitarian crisis in Lebanon unless a strong infrastructure and aid can support vulnerable citizens.

The UK’s Role in Lebanon’s Development

The U.K. has long played a role in assisting in social and economic development in Lebanon. This includes trade deals such as an agreement in 2019 between the two countries which led to Lebanon becoming the U.K.’s 100th largest trader in 2022.

Lebanon has also been a key beneficiary of the U.K.’s Official Development Assistance (ODA) program receiving £804 million from 2010-2021, where 94% was given for humanitarian purposes. The U.K. also led a Community Stability Program to alleviate tensions between Lebanese and refugee communities by strengthening institutional responses to community conflict.

The Conflict Moving Forward

Though it is unclear how long the conflict between Lebanon and Israel will last, the rates of death and internal displacement are continuously increasing. As of September 10, 2024, the death toll from Israeli attacks was 589. However, since then the number of casualties and displaced persons has increased as Israel has carried out around 1,600 strikes in Lebanon whilst Hezbollah has launched 200 rockets towards Israel.

The U.K.’s legacy of humanitarian and development support to Lebanon should indicate that the British government will continue to provide humanitarian assistance to Lebanon should the crisis continue. The donation of £5 million to UNICEF will help international organizations working in the country to house the displaced and protect vulnerable groups such as children.

– Sofia Brooke

Sofia is based in Oxfordshire, UK and focuses on Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Diplomatic and Humanitarian Aid as Keys to Stability in Lebanon

Stability in Lebanon As of September 26 2024, Israel and Hezbollah forces have been exchanging fire over, which destabilized the situation in the Middle East further. So far, more than 700 innocent civilians have been killed in Lebanon, many of whom are women and children. Additionally, thousands of residents in the south of Lebanon have fled to the northern part of the country to escape the conflict, which could worsen the already high rate of poverty in the country. Despite the intensity of the conflict in the last few days, governments and humanitarian organizations have been relentless in improving stability in Lebanon and its vulnerable communities.

Regional Support to Lebanon

Middle Eastern countries have been at the forefront of providing aid to the Lebanese people in their darkest hours and to pave the way for stability in Lebanon. For example, Saudi Arabia’s King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center (KSRelief) funded the ambulance services carried out by Lebanon’s Subul Al Salam Social Association in the northern part of the country. The association was able to carry out 59 ambulance missions on September 14, 2024, and they plan to use the funds to provide services to those in refugee areas, Saudi Press Agency (SPA). Similarly, on September 24, 2024, the Kuwait Red Crescent Society (KRCS) conducted a relief campaign for 10,000 displaced Lebanese families in shelter centers by providing essential items such as food, cleaning supplies and mattresses. This highlights only a little bit of the exhaustive efforts by countries worldwide to help Lebanon.

International Support to Lebanon:

Countries beyond the Middle East have been involved in the efforts to ensure that there is stability in Lebanon. For instance, on April 3, 2024, USAID announced that it is providing more than $67 million for humanitarian assistance to the most vulnerable communities in Lebanon. The funds will help organizations in Lebanon, such as the World Food Programme (WFP), continue to deliver life-saving aid to over 100,000 people in Lebanon. On the other hand, on May 2 2024, the European Union announced that it is providing financial assistance to the most vulnerable in Lebanon of €1 billion from 2024-2027 to support, among many things, basic health and education services. This shows that, despite the intensity of the current conflict in Lebanon, there are still good people trying to bring peace and stability to the country.

Stability in Lebanon: The Future

In the last few days since war broke out between Israel and Hezbollah forces in Lebanon, media outlets have been focusing disproportionately on the doom side of the conflict. Although it is right to point out the level of destruction in this war, there is also the often-overlooked part where diplomats and aid workers are working tirelessly to bring stability to Lebanon.

Regional countries, such as Saudi Arabia, have been providing aid non-stop to Lebanon as part of the effort to bring peace to the Middle East. Similarly, the U.S. and the EU are also working to end the conflict in Lebanon via diplomacy and humanitarian aid to strengthen the international human rights system. It may be difficult to feel hopeful for Lebanon given the nature of the news cycle today. Still, the facts on the ground give a strong reason to feel optimistic for a better tomorrow for the Lebanese people.

– Abdullah Dowaihy

Abdullah is based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and focuses on Good News and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Humanitarian Support for Ukraine

Humanitarian Support for Ukraine Since Feb. 24, 2022, Ukraine has faced widespread destruction that threatens its GDP and quality of life as a result of the ongoing conflict. This situation has led to one of the fastest displacements of people since World War II. The relentless brutality and intensity of the conflict have severely weakened Ukraine’s infrastructure and economy, erasing 15 years of progress. This regression has pushed an additional 7.1 million people into poverty, raising the poverty rate to 24.1% in 2022. With health services and an adequate supply of food and water also severely lacking, Ukraine has become an incredibly dangerous place to live, earning a spot on the IRC’s Emergency Watchlist.

Ukraine’s Humanitarian Crisis

Following discussions in London, Labour Party Foreign Secretary David Lammy and the United States (U.S.) Secretary of State Antony Blinken traveled to Kyiv on Sept. 11, 2024. In Ukraine’s capital, they conferred with President Volodymyr Zelensky about deepening the United Kingdom (U.K.) and U.S. alliance and increasing humanitarian support for Ukraine. Recent reports of Russia possessing ballistic missiles have prompted urgent reactions from the U.K.’s Labour Party. David Lammy vocalized his concerns and reinforced his commitment by stating, “The U.K.’s support to Ukraine is unwavering.”

Improving the Future of Ukraine

Since Feb. 2022, the U.K. government has provided nonmilitary aid and loan guarantees to Ukraine. With the recent transition to a Labour government, there are significant efforts underway to continue and expand this support. In light of the escalating conflict, David Lammy has acknowledged the urgent need for additional U.K. aid, committing over £600 million in humanitarian support for Ukraine. During his recent visit to Kyiv, Lammy stated, “The bravery and resilience of the Ukrainian people is inspiring. Alongside the U.S., we are committed to giving Ukraine what it needs to resist Russia’s illegal invasion.” This £600 million pledge will target several specific areas of need:

  • £242 million will be used from 2024 to 2025 ‘for urgent humanitarian, energy and stabilization needs, as well as for support of reforms, recovery and reconstruction.’ 
  • £100 million in humanitarian aid will be allocated to 2024 funding. This will specifically help Ukrainian citizens most vulnerable to the conflict.
  • A supplementary  £20 million will be added, which will ‘double 2024 assistance for critical repairs, protection of power grids and strengthening Ukraine’s energy infrastructure.’
  • A sum of potentially £40 million will go toward helping Ukraine recover from the conflict in a fixed and accelerated manner.
  • A proposed £484 million will be provided to World Bank financing through the form of loan guarantees in late 2024. This will help to rebuild and stabilize Ukraine’s economy.

Looking Forward

Ukraine’s ongoing conflict has devastated its infrastructure and economy, pushing millions into poverty and creating severe shortages in necessities. In response, the U.K. government, under the leadership of Labour Party Foreign Secretary David Lammy, has pledged £600 million in humanitarian aid. This funding will focus on urgent needs such as energy, food and health care, as well as long-term recovery efforts. The commitment aims to bolster Ukraine’s resilience against Russian aggression and help rebuild its economy.

– Imogen Prince

Imogen is based in Oxford, UK and focuses on Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Aid in Gaza and Yemen: UK Government’s Partnership with Kuwait

Aid in Gaza and YemenIn a press release from September 4, 2024, the U.K. government announced a new partnership with Kuwait. This will consist of a joint funding totaling £4.5 million delivered to UNICEF that will allow them to continue their lifesaving aid in Gaza and Yemen.

The U.K.’s Minister for the Middle East, Hamish Falconer, highlighted the U.K. and Kuwait’s “shared commitment” to dealing with international humanitarian crises. Falconer also acknowledged the role that conflict has had to play in the crises in both Gaza and Yemen, declaring that the U.K. is “pushing for more lifesaving aid to reach those in desperate need,” the U.K. Government reports.

Conditions in Gaza

As an organization centered around children in need, Gaza is a priority for UNICEF. Approximately nine in 10 of Gaza’s population are internally displaced, and half of those 1.9 million people are children.

Children in Gaza are facing countless challenges. From lack of water and food, to fuel and medicine. They are left with injuries and struggle with displacement due to the destruction of their homes and have more than likely lost loved ones. The latest figure by the Palestinian Ministry of Health estimates that more than 14,000 children have been killed in Gaza, UNICEF reports. The conditions for those left are abysmal, meaning UNICEF’s aid in Gaza is essential now more than ever.

Obstacles to delivering aid have made UNICEF’s work in Gaza more difficult. Israel restricted the shipments of food and medicine into the region and this has created famine and starvation as land routes for aid are under strict inspection.

Despite this, UNICEF has been able to dispatch emergency supplies to those in Gaza – this includes water, medicine, and medical equipment. The organization’s programs are also facilitating basic mental health facilities to support children through the unimaginable horror of growing up amidst conflict and destruction, according to its website.

The Need for Aid in Yemen

The humanitarian crisis in Yemen is significant, with around 9.8 million children requiring at least one form of humanitarian assistance. Since April 2022, Yemen has witnessed a reduction in active conflict, meaning civilian casualties specifically have become less of a pressing concern. However, the country naturally continues to suffer as a result of living through nine years of conflict.

Issues in Yemen are numerous, with socioeconomic instability at the core of the country. During the ongoing struggle, children are particularly vulnerable to exploitation, abuse and child labor, according to UNICEF. Families struggle with displacement and exposure to the outbreak of disease. Millions, including children, face daily life with a lack of safe water and adequate sanitation and hygiene. Food is also scarce, causing a nutrition crisis, according to UNICEF.

UNICEF is on the ground to provide aid in Yemen, providing invaluable food and medical supplies that are treating severe acute malnutrition in children. The organization has managed to provide more than 2.5 million children with Vitamin A supplements every six months to combat malnutrition and has vaccinated more than 815,000 children against measles, according to its website.

What the Money Means for UNICEF

The combined £4.5 million will provide vital aid in Gaza and Yemen. The press release specified that this funding will contribute to efforts by UNICEF to restore water and sanitation systems in Gaza and support primary health care services in Yemen, according to the U.K. Government.

With the support of this funding, UNICEF’s work could aid 1 million people in need in Gaza, and a further 1.45 million in Yemen. The organization has publicly expressed its gratitude to the U.K. and Kuwait following the announcement. UNICEF Representative to the Gulf Area, Eltayeb Adam, described the funding as a “beacon of hope” that will “have a transformative impact on the lives of children and families in Gaza and Yemen,” the U.K. Government reports.

– Maeve Relihan

Maeve is based in Birmingham, UK and focuses on Global Health and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Unsplash

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Collective Action to Fight Poverty in Gaza

Poverty in GazaThe events of October 2024 have heightened the plights and struggles of those who call the Gaza Strip and the West Bank home. The conflict has left millions of people in Gaza struggling with poverty and unable to access basic necessities. According to Martin Griffiths, the United Nations’ (U.N.) humanitarian chief, the continuing violence has made delivering aid to the area nearly impossible.

For more than 30 years, the Palestinian Solidarity Campaign (PSC) has been at the forefront of the U.K. movement for Palestinian rights. As a grassroots organization, it is involved in lobbying politicians, challenging government policy and holding the media to account. The Borgen Project spoke to its Student and Young People Officer, Stella Swain, to discuss the importance of the organization’s grassroots methods when it comes to drawing attention to the struggle in Palestine.

Poverty and Struggle in Gaza

It is estimated that nine in every 10 people in Gaza have been displaced internally due to the conflict. Half of these people are children, many of whom have lost their families on top of their homes. In addition, according to the Palestinian Ministry of Health, more than 14,000 children have already been killed in the violence.

Furthermore, famine has long been looming in Gaza. As a result of the continual displacement, violence and restrictions placed on aid, organizations like Save the Children estimate that 96% of the population in Gaza is facing severe food shortages. As of May of this year, close to half a million jobs had been lost from the Palestinian economy since October 2023. This drop includes an estimated loss of 200,000 jobs in the Gaza Strip, 114,000 jobs in the West Bank and 148,000 cross-border commuters from the West Bank to the Israeli labor market.

This massive drop in employment and job opportunities has led to an unprecedented increase in poverty across the country. The overall poverty rate of Palestinians stood at 32.8% in mid-2023 – around 64% in Gaza and 12% in the West Bank. However, as of present, nearly every single Gazan lives in poverty due to the destruction caused by the ongoing conflict.

Young People at the Forefront

Students have long led campaigns and protests that have shaped the world, including the movement against the Vietnam War and the fight to end apartheid in South Africa. Protests calling for an end to the conflict in Gaza are no different. More and more student encampments are being set up around the world as students and other young people demand that universities and governments acknowledge the violence in Gaza and its impacts on the civilians in the area. 

Swain stated that student organizing had shown universities that “the vast majority of their student body care deeply about where their institutions’ money is going and that they are determined that these institutions should enact their alleged ethos of global responsibility.”

Grassroots organizations, such as the PSC and The Borgen Project, mobilize the power of the people to bring about significant cultural, political and environmental change. Ben Jamal, the director of the PSC, emphasized the importance of public support at the organization’s Divest for Palestine Conference. He stated that their “longer-term and enduring task is to harness the energy of this extraordinary movement of solidarity and resistance into sustained campaigns to achieve the change needed” to end the violence and secure support and aid for the Palestinian people.

Looking Forward

The work of the PSC is a reminder of the importance of citizens coming together to hold their elected officials to account. The organization is working to bring the struggles of Palestinians to the forefront of the minds of powerful politicians who can provide aid and support. Grassroot organizations like PSC stand as proof of the importance of collective action to change the lives of those struggling in poverty.

– Kristina Grant

Kristina is based in Scotland and focuses on Good News and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Pexels

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The Rohingya: How the IRC is Helping Myanmar

How the IRC is Helping MyanmarSince the 2021 military coup, Myanmar, especially the Rohingya has faced severe restrictions on freedoms of speech and assembly and has witnessed mass killings, arbitrary arrests, torture, sexual violence and other crimes against humanity. Currently, more than 2.7 million citizens are internally displaced, with more than 2.3 million of those displaced since the coup. Additionally, 15 million people face food insecurity. In total, 18.6 million people across Myanmar struggle to meet basic needs. This crisis is the latest in nearly half a century of military control, extreme poverty and natural disasters that have plagued the country.

Deterioration of Public Services and Infrastructure

The military junta in Myanmar has deteriorated living conditions, increased food insecurity and obstructed humanitarian aid, resulting in the collapse of health care and public services in conflict-ridden regions. Conflict often disrupts communication and blocks transport routes, enforcing martial law in most parts of the country. Myanmar suffers from significant infrastructure damage, including prolonged communication and electricity blackouts. With a severe shortage of health care workers, many facilities are shut down. This leaves a large number of the 2.7 million internally displaced who reside in rural areas to take lengthy journeys to access basic and critical health care.

Intensifying Conflict and Climate Challenges

Violence escalated in Oct. 2023 when multiple nonstate groups attacked Myanmar’s central government in the Northern Shan State. Since then, the fighting has spread across the country, jeopardizing civilian safety. Poverty and inflation continue to worsen as Myanmar faces ongoing climate shocks to its agriculture sector. Cyclone Mocha in 2023 damaged crops and food production, affecting the livelihoods of more than 3.4 million people. Now, with the impact of El Niño, including erratic rainfall and high temperatures, the already stressed agriculture sector faces further challenges.

The Rohingya in Myanmar

The Rohingya people, a predominantly Muslim ethnic group of about 1.1 million, have resided in Buddhist-majority Myanmar for centuries but remain among the most vulnerable groups. Myanmar does not recognize the Rohingya as one of its 135 official ethnic groups and has denied them citizenship since 1982, rendering them stateless. Most Rohingya reside in Rakhine State, where they cannot leave without government permission. They live in one of the country’s poorest states, confined to ghetto-like camps with limited access to basic public services and opportunities.

When Myanmar gained independence from Great Britain in 1948, it enacted the Union Citizenship Act, which identified 135 ethnic groups eligible for citizenship. Although the Rohingya were omitted, families residing in Myanmar for two generations could apply for identity cards and, in some instances, citizenship. Following the first military coup in 1962, the government restricted Rohingyas from carrying foreign identity cards, severely limiting their access to employment and educational opportunities. A 1982 law further exacerbated their plight by officially declaring the Rohingya stateless.

Persecution and Exodus of the Rohingya

Rohingya people have been fleeing Myanmar since the ‘70s due to “government crackdowns,” which often include rape, torture, arson and murder, but many families remain in the country. Currently, much of the internal violence targets the Rohingya, who are often unfairly blamed by the government for violent acts carried out by nonstate groups. Accusations of ethnic cleansing against the Rohingya by the government persist, which the government denies. Residents and activists report troops firing unprovoked at unarmed Rohingya men, women and children.

In 2018, the Associated Press released a video showing a massacre and five undisclosed mass graves of Rohingya people in Myanmar. Due to ongoing violence and persecution, not only by the junta military but also by past government powers, hundreds of thousands of Rohingya have fled to neighboring countries such as Bangladesh. Recently, tens of thousands of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh have started protesting, calling for an end to the violence and persecution in Myanmar.

Advocacy and Aid: The IRC’s Role

Communities rely on humanitarian aid and community networks for social services such as health care and education. The International Rescue Committee (IRC) is helping Myanmar by responding to the needs of the current coup, but the nongovernmental organization has been working in the country for far longer. In 2008, the IRC entered Myanmar after Cyclone Nargis for emergency response and recovery efforts. It has since stayed in the country and expanded to programs focused on improving health, protection, water, sanitation, hygiene, career training and support for community development projects.

The organization runs shelter programs for internally displaced and crisis-affected communities, significantly expanding since the 2021 coup. Currently, the IRC is particularly focused on supporting those affected by the escalating conflict, marginalized communities and individuals displaced before 2021. It emphasizes partnerships with local organizations to deliver support effectively and also operates in Bangladesh, where hundreds of thousands of Rohingya refugees from Myanmar have sought refuge.

Community Support and Developing Local Capabilities

The IRC is helping Myanmar to recover from ongoing conflict and natural disasters, focusing on the most remote areas, including Rakhine, Chin and Shan States. Across these regions, the IRC trains community health workers, supports mobile health clinics and partners with local communities to enhance access to clean drinking water, improve sanitation and prevent disease. It also educates farmers on modern agricultural techniques and technology, empowers communities to identify their own needs and develops unique recovery plans. Furthermore, the IRC operates skills training and support centers specifically for women and girls and manages nine refugee camps along the Thailand border, which provide shelter to nearly 140,000 refugees.

Looking Ahead

As conflict and displacement continue to escalate in Myanmar, the need for humanitarian assistance remains critical. Organizations like the IRC are working to address the urgent needs of displaced populations by providing health care, clean water and shelter. Their focus on local partnerships and community empowerment has helped deliver essential services to remote areas most affected by violence and natural disasters. With continued efforts, these ongoing initiatives aim to improve the lives of those impacted by ongoing conflict and instability.

– Anna Thibodeau

Anna is based in Omaha, NE, USA and focuses on Good News and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr