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Maasai Poverty and the Path to Prosperity

Maasai PovertyThe Maasai Tribe are semi-nomadic people who originally hail from South Sudan but have settled in Kenya and Tanzania in modern times. The tribe have strict customs regarding diet and food, which all center around their relationship with their cattle. To the Maasai people, the cattle they herd form the economy they operate, often depending on them to fulfill all their needs, from currency to trade with, to key ingredients in their diet. However, with an increase in land disputes, the courts often evicted the Maasai people from the land they used. High levels of food insecurity and poverty also affect Maasai people (especially women and children), due to its customs and traditions where men make “all the major decisions around food.” Restricted land use and the ban on growing crops further exacerbate this issue.

Multi-Dimensional Poverty

Multi-dimensional poverty is a serious issue within Africa, with 317 million children being multidimensionally poor in sub-Saharan Africa. This is especially evident in rural areas, where vulnerable groups like women and children do not have access to education, clean water or food. The Maasai people are no exception to these statistics, with cultural ideals stating that the males of the group should get the more nutritious food, leaving the women and children dealing with malnutrition as a result of the food insecurity, according to The Conversation.

This is just one aspect of poverty the Maasai people deal with, with 20% of people having access to safe water in Narok County (where the Maasai reserves are based). This rural area also needs clean sanitation levels with only 35% of people having access to clean sanitation.

These risks to the traditional way of life have forced the Maasai to turn to different ways to feed themselves. One instance following a drought earlier this year forced the tribe to begin fish farming as a way to feed themselves, a divergence considering the typical diet of a Maasai revolves mainly around cattle and the odd goat during hard periods. To help accustom the Maasai local governments, like Kajiado have gifted pond liners, fish fingerlings and food to help them become self-sufficient.

Maasai Poverty and Tourism

However, this is not the only new practice the Maasai have undertaken, with the tribe working with tourism groups as a way to increase its economy. This transition to modern currency, whilst diverging from their cultural practices, allows the tribe to increase its resources. Companies like Wayfairer have discussed how they operate on a level that helps Maasai poverty rates rather than exploit them. Wayfairer ensures that any money generated from the tourists goes directly to local development initiatives helping to support the Indigenous people.

The Maasai poverty rate threatens their traditional way of life, a threat commonly seen among Indigenous groups, another example is the San people. They are the oldest inhabitants of South Africa and are known for their connection and use of the land they inhabit, however, most of the San people live below the poverty line due to aspects of Indigenous poverty the Maasai also deal with, such issues as low resources, land disputes and social and cultural shifts.

Thankfully the Maasai people and the tourism surrounding them often has ethical options, for instance, companies reminding groups to treat them with respect, using Maasai guides and asking these guides what donation they recommend.

Organizations Helping Maasai People

There are also specific organizations to help support the Maasai, like the Maasai Wilderness Conservation Trust, which works to ensure the land protection of the Maasai, subsequently helping protect the animals and ecosystem that it supports. Not only does this help the planet and diversity of species in Kenya, but also the Maasai people who live off the land.

RedTribe helps tackle Maasai poverty and helps people adjust to modern life. The organization focuses on raising money for the community by selling traditional beadwork that women make, helping ensure access to clean water, and the Maasai clinic, which helps the 12,000 people in the community to stay healthy with treatments like vaccines and dental care. Whilst this company helps the Maasai integrate into contemporary life it is run by those from the tribe ensuring that the values and beliefs that were considered vital to the Maasai way of life are still honored, working for sustainability through empowering locals rather than aid.

This prioritizing of the tribe’s needs and values allows the tourists to support the Maasai in a way that doesn’t further threaten their cultural practices, helping the poverty rates as well as educating those who visit them.

– Caitlin Mulholland

Caitlin is based in Lymington, UK and focuses on Technology and Global Health for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Unsplash

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DSWHUB Fights Poverty in Nigeria

DSWHUBNigeria, the most populous country in Africa, continues to grapple with severe socioeconomic issues that have left millions in poverty. As of 2023, nearly 87 million Nigerians live below the poverty line, with inflation hitting a 24-year high of 31.7%. Despite efforts to address unemployment, the youth face high underemployment rates and a lack of quality job opportunities, leading to widespread poverty in Nigeria.

This economic disparity is a major factor in irregular migration, with many Nigerians risking their lives to seek better opportunities abroad. In 2017 alone, more than 18,000 Nigerians arrived in Italy via the perilous Mediterranean route. The desperation that pushes individuals to migrate also makes them vulnerable to human trafficking, often ending up in forced labor or sexual exploitation.

Denny Social Welfare Hub

Denny Social Welfare Hub (DSWHUB), a nonprofit organization, is tackling the root causes of irregular migration and human trafficking by focusing on community empowerment, education and advocacy. One of its key initiatives is the iEMPATHY Campaign, which raises awareness about the dangers of irregular migration and human trafficking. This campaign specifically targets women and other vulnerable groups, educating them about the risks involved in irregular migration and empowering them to make informed decisions.

In 2023, DSWHUB held a notable community engagement event in Ogun State, where it educated residents on the risks of illegal migration and the tactics traffickers use to exploit vulnerable individuals. The event emphasized the role of women in migration decisions and promoted the idea of safe and legal migration pathways​. By increasing awareness and fostering informed decision-making, DSWHUB reduces the number of individuals falling prey to traffickers.

Support for Migrants and Survivors of Human Trafficking

In addition to awareness campaigns, DSWHUB actively supports the reintegration of returned migrants and survivors of human trafficking. These individuals often face stigma and difficulty rebuilding their lives. Through vocational training, education and capacity-building programs, DSWHUB equips them with the skills they need to reintegrate successfully into society. Its focus on long-term economic empowerment ensures survivors are less likely to become re-trafficked.

DSWHUB’s efforts have had a tangible impact on the communities it serves. By educating vulnerable populations and offering alternatives to dangerous migration routes, DSWHUB has helped reduce instances of irregular migration and human trafficking. Many individuals who participated in the iEMPATHY Campaign have shared testimonies of how the program equipped them with knowledge that helped them avoid falling victim to traffickers.

Moreover, DSWHUB’s reintegration programs have enabled survivors of trafficking to rebuild their lives. Through skills training and support, individuals have gained the confidence and resources to start small businesses, seek employment or return to education. By addressing the root causes of poverty and unemployment, DSWHUB is making a lasting impact in breaking the cycle of exploitation and preventing retrafficking​.

Summary

DSWHUB is addressing the systemic issues of poverty and unemployment in Nigeria, which drive irregular migration and human trafficking. Through innovative campaigns like iEMPATHY and comprehensive reintegration programs, DSWHUB is creating long-term solutions that empower individuals and strengthen communities. Its work not only saves lives but also offers a model for how grassroots organizations can combat human trafficking and irregular migration in regions plagued by socioeconomic challenges.

DSWHUB is helping vulnerable populations build safer, more secure futures free from exploitation by focusing on education, empowerment and advocacy. DSWHUB’s ongoing work highlights the importance of addressing the root causes of migration and trafficking to create lasting change in Nigeria.

– Staff Reports
Photo: Flickr

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Revitalising Private Sector Growth in Sierra Leone

Private Sector Growth in Sierra LeoneIn fragile economies like Sierra Leone, where political instability and economic challenges have slowed growth, developing a resilient private sector plays a critical role in driving economic recovery and reducing poverty. With 26.1% of the population living on less than $2.15 a day and a GDP per capita of just $433.4, the country faces profound economic challenges that underscore the need for sustainable development. The U.K. government in collaboration with British International Investment (BII), is bolstering private sector growth in Sierra Leone through targeted programs like Invest Salone. These initiatives provide risk-sharing facilities, technical support, and access to markets, empowering Sierra Leone’s high-impact sectors, such as agriculture, manufacturing, and water services, to thrive and contribute to the nation’s economic resilience.

Challenges for Private Sector Growth in Sierra Leone

Entrepreneurs and private businesses in Sierra Leone face multiple challenges, from limited access to capital and restricted market access to structural infrastructure issues. Political instability further deters foreign investment and creates an uncertain environment for growth. In this context, U.K. aid is supporting initiatives like Invest Salone and BII’s Africa Resilience Investment Accelerator (ARIA) to help the private sector overcome these barriers and foster sustainable growth in key sectors, including agriculture, manufacturing and services—areas pivotal for job creation and poverty reduction.

In partnership with local organizations, the U.K. has implemented the Invest Salone project, which offers grants, technical support and market access tailored to the Sierra Leonean business environment. By targeting sectors with substantial growth potential, Invest Salone aims to help local businesses build resilience, expand into larger markets and support the broader economic recovery through increased employment and improved infrastructure, according to its website.

British International Investment

British International Investment (BII), the U.K.’s development finance institution, has played a crucial role in strengthening private sector growth in Sierra Leone. Through ARIA, BII provides risk-sharing facilities and access to capital, allowing local financial institutions like Ecobank to lend more freely to SMEs in high-impact sectors. BII’s strategic investments focus on boosting local employment, generating economic opportunities and fostering a more resilient economy, according to Ecobank. By focusing on industries that drive sustainability and self-sufficiency, BII helps Sierra Leonean businesses access larger markets and improve production capacity.

Catalysing Growth in Key Sectors

Through U.K. aid initiatives, several businesses in Sierra Leone’s high-impact sectors have successfully expanded their operations and contributed to economic resilience.

The Water and Sanitation Promotion Company (WaSAP) participated in Invest Salone’s investment-readiness bootcamp, which enabled it to grow annual revenue from $129,000 to more than $500,000. By focusing on financial management and diversifying its customer base, WaSAP demonstrates how targeted pre-investment support can prepare businesses to scale sustainably and attract additional investment.

Through the ARIA, BII’s $25 million risk-sharing facility with Ecobank Sierra Leone allows for an estimated $50 million in lending capacity to high-impact sectors, including agriculture and manufacturing, according to Ecobank. This facility supports businesses facing collateral constraints by enabling larger loans and extended repayment terms. Such financial flexibility allows these enterprises to expand operations, hire more workers, and contribute to local economic stability.

These examples illustrate how U.K. aid, through initiatives like Invest Salone and BII partnerships, is driving sustainable growth by empowering Sierra Leone’s private sector to overcome structural barriers and access larger markets.

Economic Recovery and Poverty Reduction

These U.K. aid initiatives play a key role in bolstering Sierra Leone’s private sector growth and reducing poverty. The Invest Salone program focuses on empowering high-impact sectors such as agriculture and manufacturing by providing financial support and market access to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Combined with ARIA’s $25 million risk-sharing facility, these programs enable local banks to extend crucial financing to SMEs, allowing businesses to grow, create jobs and increase income stability within communities. By helping local businesses overcome market barriers, these initiatives not only stimulate economic resilience but also support poverty reduction efforts across Sierra Leone.

Through the FCDO and BII, U.K. aid is revitalizing private sector growth in fragile economies like Sierra Leone. By providing risk-sharing facilities, grants, and technical support, these initiatives help develop high-impact sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and water services. This targeted aid not only fosters job creation and income growth but also builds a resilient, self-reliant economy capable of withstanding future challenges.

– Safa Musa

Safa is based in London, UK and focuses on Good News for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Unsplash

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The Impact of Custos Care Foundation

Custos Care FoundationCustos Care Foundation (CCF), a nongovernmental organization based in Enugu State, Nigeria, aims to promote social justice and reduce poverty and inequality by empowering underprivileged groups through skills development, health care, well-being and basic education. By working closely with local communities and partners, CCF seeks to drive sustainable change in Enugu State and beyond.

The Mama Care Initiative

According to a publication by PubMed, data from the obstetric unit of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) in Enugu, Nigeria, shows that between January 2003 and December 2005, there were 49 maternal deaths, 2,131 deliveries and 2,044 live births. This results in a maternal mortality ratio of 2,397.3 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births during the study period. In response, CCF recently launched the “Mama Care Initiative,” a significant milestone in providing one-year health insurance premiums for 1,701 pregnant women across Enugu State’s 17 Local Government Areas (LGAs), with approximately 100 per LGA in the pilot phase.

A notable case involved a baby from the Oji River LGA who was born prematurely at a primary health care facility. The family was unable to secure the funds necessary to transfer the infant to a secondary facility equipped with an incubator. However, with the assistance of CCF, the baby was successfully transferred to the UNTH, where she received the necessary care and support needed for her health and survival.

Child Abuse Awareness and Sensitization

CCF is currently organizing sensitization programs in primary schools across the 17 LGAs in Enugu State to raise awareness about child abuse. This initiative is anchored in two key program areas: social protection and basic education for all. The objective is to educate school pupils in Enugu State about child abuse, including its identification and prevention. So far, CCF has visited 13 schools, reaching approximately 6,000 pupils directly and more than 5,000 indirectly through media campaigns, including social media outreach.

Skills Acquisition Training for Women and Youth

The issue of poverty, exacerbated by unemployment and a shortage of skills, has significantly impacted the living standards of the population. While the current government in the state has made commendable efforts to build workforce capacity, the organization is also dedicated to bridging the capacity gap.

Through the CCF’s “Craft UP Initiative,” the foundation has trained 68 women and youth in the state in vocational skills related to leather work, including shoemaking, bag making and belt production. To further support their endeavors, it established a skills acquisition center focused on tailoring and leatherworking.

This center provides these individuals with the opportunity to utilize our state-of-the-art industrial machines at no cost, enabling them to produce high-quality goods in larger quantities.

Youth Aspire Boot Camp 2024

In 2024, CCF hosted a four-day youth boot camp for 100 young people from Enugu State, consisting of both male and female participants, alongside more than 30 volunteers and resource persons. Participants aged 15 to 20 were selected from various locations across the state, with a commitment to inclusivity that ensured equitable representation across gender, social status and abilities.

The youths acquired a diverse range of skills, including information and communication technology (ICT) competencies such as coding and the creation of 3D and 2D animations. They also developed vocational skills in areas like weaving, tailoring, bead-making, social media marketing and content creation.

Final Remark

By engaging with local partners and communities, Custos Care Foundation not only provides essential services but also cultivates a culture of empowerment and resilience. As it continues to bridge gaps in health, education and vocational training, CCF stands as a beacon of hope for underprivileged groups in Enugu State, driving meaningful progress and inspiring a brighter future.

– Staff Reports
Photo: Flickr

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Ekwere Akpan Foundation: Giving Hope

Ekwere Akpan FoundationThe Ekwere Akpan Foundation is a nongovernmental organization (NGO) established with the primary aim of providing hope to elderly widows orphans and underprivileged individuals facing various health disparities in rural and some urban areas in Nigeria. The objectives of the Ekwere Akpan Foundation include addressing the needs of widows and widowers by promoting their independence through empowerment programs and free training.

Additionally, it focuses on caring for orphans by providing them access to education through scholarships and skills acquisition programs. Beyond addressing the needs of older widows, widowers and orphans, the organization is dedicated to tackling the challenges faced by people living in the rural parts of Nigeria, particularly those in Akwa Ibom, a state in the southern part of Nigeria.

Challenges Faced by Rural Communities in Akwa Ibom

  1. Poverty: This is a complex and pressing issue that affects millions of individuals and families worldwide. It is a multifaceted problem that manifests through limited access to essential services such as education, healthcare and clean water. Many rural communities in Nigeria depend on agriculture for their livelihoods; however, they face numerous challenges that hinder their productivity. Poor soil quality, inadequate access to modern farming techniques and the adverse effects of climate instability can significantly impact crop yields, leading to food insecurity.
  2. Food insecurity: Despite the fact that many people in this community are farmers, they often struggle to make ends meet, with old widows who can no longer engage in agriculture facing severe hunger. Economic challenges limit their ability to purchase enough food and a lack of infrastructure often compounds this situation. Consequently, food insecurity can lead to malnutrition and other health-related issues, negatively impacting the overall well-being of the community.
  3. Health Challenges: Due to malnutrition and pervasive poverty, many residents of these communities face various health challenges, including protein malnutrition, cholera, blindness, chronic respiratory diseases, strokes and diabetes. These significant health issues contribute to the overall struggles of the community. The shortage of healthcare facilities and medical professionals, along with the high cost of healthcare in urban areas, exacerbates these challenges. A minor health issue that could be easily treated in a hospital often escalates due to the prohibitive costs of transportation and treatment, potentially leading to severe complications or even death.
  4. Homelessness: Shelter is one of the necessities of life. Yet, the living conditions in these communities prevent them from creating a space they can truly call home. Many reside in shattered houses, mud buildings or incomplete structures, which allow all manner of reptiles to crawl in. These poor living conditions become particularly unfavorable during the rainy season, as rainwater seeps directly into their homes, exposing residents to various illnesses, including hypothermia. Some individuals lack even these dilapidated buildings and resort to constructing makeshift shelters with wood just to lay their heads. This situation fosters a cycle of isolation and despair, as those affected may feel marginalized and disconnected from the broader community.

What Is Being Done

In December 2023, the NGO donated foodstuffs to older widows in the rural community of Ikot Akpafuk, located in the Nsit Ubium Local Government Area (LGA) of Akwa Ibom. Furthermore, in partnership with the International Center for Leadership Development Nigeria (ICLDNG), the Foundation has educated more than 500 students and youths on safe internet practices, aiming to empower them with the knowledge to navigate the digital world securely and responsibly.

As an organization dedicated not only to eradicating poverty but also to improving the overall well-being of individuals, the Foundation has partnered with the Nigeria Youth Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) to raise awareness about the “Coalition Against Synthetic Drug Threat.” This initiative aims to enlighten the general public about the dangers of synthetic drugs and promote healthier choices within the community.

Additionally, the Foundation has advocated for donations to support community members suffering from bilateral visually significant cataracts, including an elderly widow who has become visually impaired due to this illness. The organization has also sought assistance for individuals whose homes have collapsed due to excessive rainfall and inadequate building structures.

Final Note

The Ekwere Akpan Foundation is making significant strides in addressing poverty and improving the quality of life for vulnerable populations in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria. Through its multifaceted approach, the organization empowers youth with essential skills and advocates for health awareness. It provides immediate relief to those in need. With its commitment to the well-being of marginalized groups, the Foundation exemplifies the transformative impact of grassroots initiatives in creating sustainable change.

– Staff Reports
Photo: Pexels

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PHAAE: Mission for Clean Water and Sanitation in Rural Nigeria

PHAAEIn Nigeria, more than 80% of schools do not have basic sanitation or running water, leaving children and their communities vulnerable to waterborne diseases and poor hygiene. These challenges not only affect health but also school attendance, particularly for girls who miss school due to the lack of proper facilities during menstruation. The absence of these essential resources exacerbates inequality, leaving rural children significantly disadvantaged compared to their urban counterparts.

Public Health Aid Awareness & Education (PHAAE), a nongovernmental organization (NGO), focuses on addressing the critical lack of access to clean water and sanitation facilities in rural communities across Nigeria. PHAAE’s work is vital in bridging this gap by providing water systems and sanitation facilities, starting with schools and extending to entire communities. By improving hygiene infrastructure, PHAAE enhances educational environments, reduces disease risks and promotes long-term community health.

Public Health Aid Awareness & Education

PHAAE adopts a community-centered and sustainable approach to addressing rural Nigerian communities’ water and sanitation crisis. Starting with a thorough needs assessment in collaboration with local leaders and school administrators, PHAAE tailors interventions to meet each community’s unique requirements. Schools serve as central hubs for education and social progress, so by installing clean water systems and sanitation facilities there, PHAAE enhances learning environments and extends these essential resources to the broader community. Each water facility positively impacts thousands of residents beyond the school, creating lasting community-wide benefits.

Transforming Lives

Through partnerships with sponsors like the U.S. Embassy and global philanthropists, PHAAE has transformed thousands of lives, affirming that clean water and sanitation are essential rights for every child and community. PHAAE’s initiatives have significantly enhanced the health, education and overall well-being of the communities it serves. By equipping rural schools with clean water and sanitation facilities, the organization has greatly improved the quality of life for students and extended these benefits to surrounding communities.

In Kunyami, Abuja, a PHAAE water project initially designed for 1,500 students now benefits more than 5,000 community members, significantly reducing waterborne diseases and promoting better hygiene practices. Before PHAAE’s intervention, children like Sater had to trek long distances to the Toge River for water, sometimes going days without bathing. Today, with clean water accessible directly at school, they can prioritize their education and personal well-being, marking a transformative change in their daily lives.

PHAAE’s projects have broad societal impacts, including increased school attendance, especially for girls who can now attend during menstruation thanks to proper sanitation facilities. In Takushara, during the COVID-19 pandemic, PHAAE provided water and sanitation for 1,300 students and delivered hygiene education, equipping the entire community to navigate the health crisis more effectively. Altogether, these initiatives have positively impacted more than 9,000 people.

Closing Remark

PHAAE’s work is far from over. It is driven by a vision of a world where no child is denied access to clean water and proper sanitation simply because of their birthplace. PHAAE continues to work in rural communities across Nigeria, expanding its reach and deepening its impact.

– Staff Reports
Photo: Flickr

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Updates on SDG 2 in Rwanda

SDG 2 in RwandaFood insecurity and malnutrition are persistent issues in Rwanda, a small but growing East African nation striving for middle-income status. In 2021, 20.6% of Rwanda’s population was food insecure, with 1.8% considered severely food insecure. That same year, only 32.8% of children ages 6 to 23 months received meals at the recommended minimum frequency. Consequently, 32.4% of children younger than 5 were stunted, meaning they were shorter than average for their age due to poor nutrition.

SDG 2 in Rwanda: Beacon of Progress

Despite Rwanda’s strides toward the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 2 being impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the country remains a beacon of progress. Rwanda’s score in the 2024 Global Hunger Index (GHI) is at 25.2, better than the regional average. This is also a significant improvement from the country’s GHI score in 2015, which was at 30.2 and in 2000, at 49.6, which was considered extremely alarming.

These successes are made possible by numerous initiatives in Rwanda that provide access to healthy and adequate food for vulnerable populations, especially youth. This includes government-led nutrition programs supplying food to early childhood development centers and initiatives such as “One Cup of Milk per Child.” Through targeted agricultural policies, investments in rural development and community-led programs to combat malnutrition, Rwanda has demonstrated that strategic and collaborative efforts can yield meaningful reductions in hunger, even amid global and regional challenges.

SMART Project

Furthermore, in partnership with the World Food Programme (WFP) and other development agencies, Rwanda has been striving for food security through nationwide programs that empower and educate farmers. One such initiative is Rwanda’s Sustainable Market Alliance and Assets Creation for Resilient Communities and Gender Transformation (SMART) project, which is geared toward strengthening agricultural productivity and promoting better harvesting practices.

By providing farmers with access to training and resources, SMART encourages resilience in the face of climate emergencies, equips local farmers, especially women, with skills to increase crop yields and fosters gender equality within the agricultural sector.

A Future With Zero Hunger

Achieving SDG 2 by 2030 might be ambitious, but the steadfast commitment of Rwanda to sustainable and impactful solutions paints a positive outlook. With food security as a central pillar, Rwanda is not only addressing immediate nutritional needs but also laying the groundwork for broader socioeconomic development, a critical step toward attaining middle-income status. Achieving this milestone will not only transform Rwanda but could set a powerful example for the entire region, showcasing the potential of innovative, community-driven initiatives.

However, current world events have been a significant setback for all SDG targets across the globe. These setbacks underscore the need for a stable global economy and strong international cooperation, which are crucial for achieving the U.N.’s ambitious goals. The success of Rwanda will require support from regional and global partners to overcome these challenges, ensuring that efforts to achieve SDG 2 remain on track and continue to inspire progress across the continent.

– Tessah Keza

Tessah is based in Ottawa, ON, Canada and focuses on Good News and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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CERF Releases $100 million For Underfunded Crises

CERFOn August 30, 2024, the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) of the United Nations released $100 million for critically underfunded crises. CERF provides funding for essential supplies and services during conflict, natural disasters and other emergencies, aiming to support timely and reliable responses in under-funded crises.

Twice annually, the CERF’s Acting Emergency Relief Coordinator (ERC) allocates special grants from the Underfunded Emergencies (UFE) Window to support essential life-saving activities in neglected humanitarian emergencies. Here are the country allocations and the underfunded crises they face.

Underfunded Crises in West Africa

CERF will allocate $10 million to Burkina Faso, where more than 2 million people were internally displaced due to armed conflict between internal militias — part of a broader Sahelian violence caused by Islamic extremism and political instability. Twenty-seven percent of the country requires humanitarian assistance and millions face severe food insecurity.

Similarly, Mali faces a security crisis compounded by economic shocks. More than 7 million require humanitarian assistance, 1.37 million face crisis levels of food insecurity, 1.4 million children face undernourishment, approximately 2,600 individuals face famine and more than 350,000 are internally displaced, according to CERF. Mali will receive $11 million to help displaced populations and alleviate food insecurity

Underfunded Crises in Central and East Africa

Ethiopia is struggling with civil conflict and the aftermath of flooding that has caused deaths, displacement, and food insecurity. Up to half a million could be struggling with displacement and more than 15.8 million are food insecure, according to CERF. Meanwhile, Ethiopia faces cholera and malaria epidemics. CERF will provide $15 million to Ethiopia to help provide access to critical services and to reduce morbidity for 12.3 million vulnerable people.

Malawi is also dealing with weather patterns causing food insecurity among 5.7 million people. Aid worth $11 million could help the country deal with the effects of drought.

Since 2017, Mozambique has experienced violence that has displaced hundreds of thousands of people while weather patterns devastate the agricultural sector, according to CERF. Funding of $7 million is going towards preventing a food insecurity crisis.

Burundi faces food insecurity, violence, epidemics and natural disasters. Heavy rainfall caused flooding by the end of last year and displaced thousands. More than 1 million people are food insecure and landslides have displaced more than 47,000 people, according to CERF. Funding of $5 million will support flood recovery and displaced people.

Cameroon experiences several forms of internal violence and natural disasters. Recent floods exacerbate the situation and an estimated 1.8 million people are without adequate water and health services. Receiving $7 million could help vulnerable populations, particularly women and children, against exploitation and malnutrition.

Middle East, South East Asia and the Caribbean

Yemen is considered the largest humanitarian crisis, an eight-year civil war in Yemen between Houthi rebels and Saudi-backed government forces created an economic, social and health crisis. There are 19 million people experiencing a food insecurity crisis while flooding disrupts access to essential services, according to CERF. Many lack sanitation, water and health care access. CERF will provide $20 million to support food security and health for millions in need.

Following a brief period of democratic rule, a 2021 coup in Myanmar devolved into a civil war between a military government and various ethnic militias. Intensified fighting this year increased displacement to 3.1 million people. Almost 13 million people face moderate or severe food insecurity, according to CERF. The organization will provide $12 million to Myanmar which could hopefully help 18 million people who need funding for essential services and support for displaced populations.

Natural disasters and internal gang violence leave 5.5 million people requiring humanitarian assistance in Haiti. There are 578,000 people who are internally displaced, 8.5 million faced food insecurity earlier this year and many face gang violence, according to CERF. Funding of $9 million will support critical needs in the country.

Conclusion

These countries experience underfunded crises despite dire situations and donor pledges. This demonstrates the need for increased attention. The allocation of $100 million by CERF is a crucial step but support from international donors and organizations is essential to address the ongoing challenges these countries face.

– Luke Ravetto

Luke is based in Boston, MA, USA and focuses on Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Education Initiatives in Namibia

education initiatives in namibiaIn the southwestern African nation of Namibia, education is of vital importance. Compared to its neighbors, Namibia invests around 10% more of total government expenditures on education, at roughly 25%. Furthermore, literacy rates are 92% overall and 95% for youth. This emphasis on the nation’s youth is critical for development in Namibia because an educated population base can raise employment and boost the nation’s economy. Despite these current successes, unequal access to education and poverty remain in the country, with 17.2% of the population living on less than $2.15 per day. In response, both the government and international organizations have developed plans for education initiatives in Namibia that tackle these issues and grow an educated workforce.

Government Work

Education is mandatory for Namibians between 6 and 16 years old and is free for both primary and secondary school since 2013 and 2016, respectively. In 2023, the country announced the Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage in Basic Education in Namibia and Zimbabwe program, which trains teachers in both nations and establishes a community-based style of learning which emphasizes living heritage and culture.

With this initiative, Namibia moves closer to achieving SDG 4 – access to quality education for all. In addition, Namibia has recently undertaken efforts to digitize its education system, launching “The Digital Schools” as a test project to improve “digital learning environments and enhance teachers’ digital skills.”

USAID

Despite the efforts of the Namibian government, inequalities and deficiencies in education persist. Thankfully, international organizations have stepped up to spur development through their education initiatives in Namibia. USAID has been active since the nation’s birth through its Basic Education Systems Project, helping children in densely populated and underserved regions access primary education before it was free to do so.

USAID’s Ambassador Scholarship Program finances education for orphans and vulnerable children and keeps them in school, helping them receive an equal education to more advantaged students. Finally, a Youth Development program instills in students life skills and vocational training to keep them enrolled in education.

Roger Federer and MCC

Since 2018, the Roger Federer Foundation has encouraged a smooth transition for students entering primary school through its School Readiness Initiative. It assists Namibia’s youth with enrolling and staying in school and promotes equal access between girls and boys. Furthermore, its Early Learning Kiosk offers stimulating digital learning to students at a low cost in the form of a tablet.

The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC), another U.S.-based development effort, spent $145 million instituting education initiatives in Namibia through its Namibia Compact. The program trained new teachers and offered new textbooks to students. While test scores and education improved somewhat, the MCC founds new facilities to often not meet the needs of Namibian communities.

UNICEF

UNICEF focuses on education at a young age, using its Integrated Early Childhood Development approach to improve nutrition, stimulation and learning opportunities for pre-primary Namibian children, especially the disabled. Furthermore, the program trains parents in skills to ensure their children’s sustained learning on the path to enrollment in primary education.

Namibia is already far ahead of most African nations in terms of education. However, inequalities exist between vulnerable and disabled populations and the rest of the youth population. With both the government of Namibia and outside organizations recognizing this issue and taking action, vast improvements in education—and development as a whole in Namibia—are sure to follow.

– Cole Zickwolff

Cole is based in Los Angeles, CA, USA and focuses on Good News and Technology for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Uganda Paves the Way for Palliative Care in Africa

Palliative Care in AfricaPalliative care is crucial in mitigating the suffering of individuals who are suffering from serious and/or terminal illnesses. Of the 54 African countries, 43 have no access to basic palliative care systems. Furthermore, even fewer can provide high-quality care to those who need it. Uganda is paving the way for palliative care in Africa. The country is building a nationwide service for citizens to receive care and comfort in the final stages of their lives.

Current Situation in Africa

Basic palliative care services are unavailable in 79.6% of Africa. The vast majority of the continent’s seriously ill population is denied specialized assistance that would improve their quality of life. Relieving the suffering and stress from somebody’s final days is widely regarded as the compassionate thing to do, as palliative care supports both a patient and their loved ones through difficult times.

Palliative care, when available, is offered to people with illnesses such as cancer, heart disease, dementia and HIV/AIDS. In 2023, there were approximately 396,200 AIDS-related deaths in Africa. The data suggests that most of these individuals would not have had the appropriate medical care, guidance and comfort in the lead-up to their passing. Similarly, it is estimated that 367,000 Africans get diagnosed with dementia annually; again, it can be implied that few of these people receive palliative care that would provide comfort in a time of confusion.

Furthermore, half a million Africans are believed to die from cancer annually. In the next 50 years, the figure is projected to increase by 40%. Therefore, palliative care services need to be implemented now so that the future is as comfortable as possible for those facing cancer and other serious illnesses.

Uganda Paving the Way

Uganda’s population is currently estimated at 46 million and is growing at a rate of 2.9%. This expanding East African nation is making remarkable progress in palliative care, following a comprehensive framework that supports everyone involved in the medical process: patients, health care staff and their loved ones.

The Palliative Care Association of Uganda

The Palliative Care Association of Uganda (PCAU) is one of the key forces driving this positive change in Uganda. Established in 1999, the organization provides holistic care and pain relief for needy people. With more than 1,500 individual members and 230 medical facilities offering PCAU services, they implement a framework supporting seriously ill patients in Uganda. PCAU has developed a strategic plan with five focus areas:

  1. Capacity building 
  2. Advocacy and awareness creation
  3. Palliative care research and information
  4. Governance and support functions 
  5. Sustainability and financial efficiency

Those affiliated with PCAU work hard to implement these strategies. Indeed, outcomes are being achieved with the support of the Ugandan Ministry of Health, ensuring 55,000 people in Uganda receive palliative care.

Hospice Africa

Another key provider of palliative care in Uganda is Hospice Africa. Founded in the U.K. in 1992, the charity trains health care staff. It provides palliative care across Africa, with a significant focus on Uganda. Its clinical headquarters is in Kampala, where programs are implemented, patients are treated and morphine is manufactured.

Uganda serves as the base for Hospice Africa, which provides much of its medical attention there. Notably, 95% of Ugandan cancer patients do not seek curative treatment, highlighting the demand for holistic care. In 2023, three Hospice Africa Uganda sites cared for 2,110 individuals needing medical attention. Among these new patients, 66% were diagnosed with cancer and 7% were younger than the age of 18.

Hospice Africa Uganda’s reach is growing. The financial year 2022/2023 saw a 12% increase in patients as the charity expanded and received more funding to help care for seriously ill people.

What the Future Holds

Uganda is an African nation leading by example in providing palliative care to its citizens. Furthermore, the country is inspiring the rest of the continent to follow suit. However, there is still much work to be done. In October 2024, the Ugandan Ministry of Health reported that only 11% of the 500,000 Ugandans needing palliative care were receiving it. While more progress is needed in Uganda, the country is setting a positive example with its strategic frameworks to assist those needing end-of-life support.

By 2050, the Ugandan population is expected to exceed 100 million, making it encouraging to see effective frameworks for providing holistic care already in place. The increasing availability of palliative care in Uganda is poised to enhance the quality of life for the country’s growing population.

– Megan Hall

Megan is based in Suffolk, UK and focuses on Global Health and Celebs for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr