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Rwanda’s Zamukana Ubuziranenge: Boosting Small Businesses

Rwanda’s Zamukana UbuziranengeIn October 2025, Rwanda hosted the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Annual Meeting in Kigali, spotlighting the nation’s emergence as a continental leader in “quality infrastructure.” Central to this economic success is Rwanda’s Zamukana Ubuziranenge program, a strategic initiative translated as “Grow With Standards.” By providing technical assistance to small businesses, the program bridges the gap between local production and international safety requirements, fostering a new era of inclusive industrial growth.

The Standards Maturity Model

The implementation of Rwanda’s Zamukana Ubuziranenge utilizes what experts refer to as a “maturity model.” Rather than imposing unreachable global mandates on small entrepreneurs, the Rwanda Standards Board (RSB) provides a tiered trajectory for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to progress incrementally. This approach first adapts international standards to suit local realities.

Then it aligns them with global markets as the institutions mature. The program begins with a gap assessment to benchmark current business practices against applicable standards. Following this, the RSB offers customized training and “handholding” support to help staff implement systems that promote consistent quality.

This hands-on guidance prepares businesses for a final assessment and the eventual initiation of the formal certification process. Through this supportive framework, the government ensures that small producers can match their technical ambition with their actual capacity.

Removing Financial Barriers To Growth

A significant political development occurred in January 2025, when the government announced that all quality services under Rwanda’s Zamukana Ubuziranenge would be provided free of charge to MSMEs. These services include technical assistance, testing, calibration and certification. By removing these costs, the state eliminated a significant financial barrier for low-income entrepreneurs, particularly those without access to funding from external development partners or nongovernmental organizations.

Quantifiable Impact on Local Industries

The measurable success of Rwanda’s Zamukana Ubuziranenge is evident in the diverse range of businesses it has supported. By June 2025, the program reached approximately 988 MSMEs and cooperatives. This group comprises 368 enterprises operating in food value chains and 226 businesses in the chemical industry, producing essential items such as soaps and detergents.

The program also supported 94 businesses in the textile and leather sectors and trained 33 cooperatives in transparent grant management practices. Sector-specific results highlight the practical outcomes of these certifications. For instance, the RSB has successfully certified 14 honey products from 12 different companies against international food safety management systems.

These certifications allow Rwandan honey to access wider regional and global markets, increasing the income of rural beekeepers. Similarly, the certification of locally made machinery and mechanical tools reduces field failure rates. It provides a powerful marketing tool for exports.

Fostering an Inclusive Quality Culture

The long-term impact of Rwanda’s Zamukana Ubuziranenge extends beyond technical compliance to social empowerment. The program specifically focuses on MSMEs established by women, young people and individuals with disabilities. By equipping these marginalized groups with the skills to produce high-quality goods, the initiative fosters a culture of self-sufficiency.

Residents in areas like Cyanika have noted that the availability of affordable, quality local products reduces the need for community members to seek supplies across borders.

A Regional Leadership Strategy

Rwanda’s hosting of the ISO Annual Meeting 2025, themed “United for Impact,” reflects its position as a regional hub for innovation and trade. The country has developed and adopted more than 2,250 international standards to date, which support socioeconomic activities and open doors for Rwandan products in global markets. The global community recognizes this commitment to quality infrastructure as a “hidden foundation of prosperity” that helps developing nations escape the cycle of low-quality production.

The future of Rwanda’s Zamukana Ubuziranenge appears promising as it continues to integrate local businesses into the formal economy. Indeed, by prioritizing standards as a tool of industrial policy, Rwanda is demonstrating how technical excellence can drive sustainable development and poverty reduction. As more MSMEs achieve certification, the nation moves closer to its goal of achieving self-reliance and global competitiveness, proving that standards serve as a springboard for inclusive growth.

– Elena Cárdenas

Elena Cárdenas is based in Monterrey, México and focuses on Global Health and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Ghana’s Sustainable Fashion Movement

Ghana’s Sustainable FashionIn the heart of Accra, the bustling Kantamanto Market once symbolised the ingenuity and resilience of Ghana’s second-hand clothing trade. Today, it has become the epicentre of an environmental and public health crisis due to fast fashion. Every week, the market receives 15 million discarded garments from the Global North – clothes too cheap, too poor in quality or too plentiful to sell at home. Ghana is now one of Africa’s largest importers of used clothing, yet nearly 40% of these imports end up as waste, placing the burden of the global fashion industry’s overproduction squarely on the shoulders of Ghana’s working poor. To reclaim their livelihoods, participants of Ghana’s sustainable fashion movement are working to revitalise and rebuild the second-hand clothing market.

Background

Detrimental environmental and economic consequences arise from fast-fashion waste in Ghana; piles of unsellable materials overwhelm landfills, clog waterways and spill into neighboring communities, while toxic chemicals from synthetic fibres threaten to obliterate biodiversity and animal habitats. Furthermore, the 30,000 traders, tailors and entrepreneurs of Kantamanto market – long celebrated for breathing new life into the fashion industry’s cast-offs – now contend with mountains of unmarketable textile waste. This intensifies the strain on local businesses and could make people abandon their craft entirely and become second-hand sellers. This instability highlights the need for Ghana’s sustainable fashion movement.

The Or Foundation

Founded in 2022 as a community business incubator, the Or Foundation is at the forefront of Ghana’s sustainable fashion movement, striving to implement cooperative business models for these numerous upcycling businesses born from the textile crisis in Accra. Working closely within the insular divisions of Kantamanto market, the foundation transforms a seemingly hopeless situation into one of innovation and prosperity.

Liz Ricketts of the Or Foundation speaks of its aim to restore a circular economy – where products, materials and resources are kept in use for as long as possible to minimise waste and environmental harm – to liberate Accra from the severe effects of Western overproduction. Ricketts describes the foundation’s goals as including: “the development of new materials made from textile waste, debt relief for Kantamanto retailers, alternative livelihoods for young women who labour in modern-day slavery carrying bales of clothing on their heads, and scientific research to determine how we can safely clean up the waste at the bottom of the sea.”

In reclaiming their second-hand trade, the foundation’s role in Ghana’s sustainable fashion movement confronts a long history of colonial oppression and works to restore justice to those most affected. Through rallying communities together, initiating waste control services and showcasing upcycled fashion items, they do just this

Waste Management

Ghana does not “have the infrastructure to keep clothing […] out of landfill,” Lisa explained. To address this, the Or Foundation has partnered with Accra’s waste management department to organize and fund a team of volunteers who separate textile waste into sellable garments and those that require sustainable disposal.

Since 2024, these “Kanta Keepers” have successfully hauled more than 18 tons of textile waste from not just the overflowing market site, but also beaches, waterways and streets, transporting them to a sanctioned dumpsite far from the coastline, according to the Or Foundation.

Their work not only protects the health of individuals in Kantamanto, but also preserves ecosystems that are threatened by synthetic, slow-decomposing textiles. This marks an important step towards the circular economy envisioned by Ricketts and the Or Foundation.

Repurposing Garments

Of the garments diverted from landfill, many are upcycled into creative, sustainable and forward-thinking fashion projects. Ricketts underscores the economic burden of fast-fashion waste on the Kantamanto workers, noting that declining clothing quality forces “Kantamanto retailers [become] dependent on a system where they have to sell higher quantities of a cheaper product to stay out of debt,” Lisa explained. By generating alternative streams of income, the Or Foundation provides much-needed relief and strengthens Ghana’s sustainable fashion movement from within.

One example is the annual “Obroni Wau” (or “dead white man’s clothing”) festival, which spotlights upcycling and creative reuse through runway shows, pop-up stalls and musical performances, according to VOA. This celebration amplifies the work of local designers, tailors and traders who transform discarded garments into “one of a kind creations,” as Lisa describes. Tailors have even fashioned protective uniforms for Ghanaian pineapple pickers from discarded denim, shielding workers from burns and rashes in the field. These artisans become highly sought-after for their unique, custom-made pieces, ensuring that the cultural identity of Ghana’s second-hand clothing trade remains vibrant. Hence, this Or Foundation’s work in manifesting a circular economy sector is creating new jobs in repair, design, resale and small-scale manufacturing, transforming the livelihoods of those in and around Kantamanto.

In Conclusion

When talking about how to confront a problem that feels too vast to solve, Lisa explains to Good on You that “sustainability is a language… communities like Kantamanto are still fluent.” By reframing textile waste as both a valuable resource and an integral part of Ghana’s social fabric, Kantamanto promotes fairer trade systems and greater producer responsibility. Through their initiatives, Ghana’s sustainable fashion movement is guiding key legislation, policy-makers and industry advocates – illustrated by the creation of the Ghana Used Clothing Dealers Association and its commitment to achieving 100% textile-waste diversion by 2050 – towards regenerative systems that maximise the lifespan of materials.

In many ways, Ghana’s circular economy has become a pioneer of fast-fashion waste innovation. Lisa further argues that resolving the fast-fashion crisis begins with a simple directive: “all we have to do is listen”. Recognizing the perspectives and lived experiences of the workers and broader Kantamanto community is essential, as such engagement can drive real-world solutions to the fast-fashion waste crisis.

– Emily Wooster

Emily is based in Birmingham, UK and focuses on Good News and Global Health for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Garbage Cafes Tackle Waste and Poverty in India

garbage cafes

India is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. It has a population of more than one billion within its territory, which makes up 17.5% of the world’s overall population. The country’s growth rate, however, has stood at less than 1% since 2018. It is located in South Asia, with countries around its borders such as Pakistan, China, Nepal and Bangladesh.

The country has 28 states and eight union territories, each with its own government bodies. It is officially known as the Republic of India and is known for having one of the largest democracies in the world. India has many facts that are unique to its people, but one unexpected fact is that it is currently the world’s largest producer of plastic waste.

Plastics for Change

According to Plastics for Change, India was labeled as the world’s biggest polluter. In 2024, it was reported that the country produced 20% of the overall plastic waste that pollutes land and oceans. There are more than 9 million tonnes of waste generated by the country each year, which exceeds competing countries such as China and Nigeria. The waste is largely created by population growth, urbanization and development within the economy. As the population increases, the need for resources expands, like building more housing and grocery stores. The need for plastic resources is especially high within urban areas.

Waste and Poverty in India

Poverty in India has decreased significantly between 2016 and 2021. The number of people living in poverty decreased from more than 300 million between 2015 and 2016 to around 230 million between 2019 and 2021. As of 2025, 83 million people live in poverty in India, with more females being impacted. This shows the country has taken great strides in investing in its people.

There have been large impacts, such as investments in the economy, roads and connectivity between local and urban areas. There have also been job creations in various fields and aid programs accessible to the public. India is currently known as the fastest-growing economy in the world and has a high gross domestic product (GDP). Even though poverty in India has not been eradicated, there are cafes in the country offering meals to people in need in exchange for collecting waste.

Garbage Cafes

It all began in 2019 after multiple reports of plastic waste impacting communities and cities in India. One such city that took the initiative was Ambikapur. One of the first “garbage cafes” opened with one simple policy: every person who turns in 2.2 pounds of plastic waste gets a full meal. These meals include rice, vegetables and other staples vital to one’s diet. For those who collect 1 pound of waste, they can purchase breakfast items. With this cafe serving 20 meals daily, it presents a solution to waste polluting the city’s streets. In total, the cafe has collected more than 20 metric tonnes of waste since its creation.

This garbage cafe prides itself on its slogan, “more the waste, better the taste.” It prioritizes two main issues within its city and India as well: hunger and plastic waste pollution. People who struggle to make ends meet for their families have access to meals that can benefit them and their loved ones. The cafe is operated by the Ambikapur Municipal Corporation (AMC), which oversees this local initiative.

Creation of Jobs

It may have started in Ambikapur, but garbage cafes have spread to other cities in India, such as Siliguri and Mulugu. These cafes have similar policies that provide meals to people in need who collect waste. Another campaign offers period products to those who collect plastic waste. These initiatives help rid streets of pollution while also providing citizens with basic needs. Cambodia has also adopted similar programs, showing how positive responses to these initiatives can lead to long-term benefits.

The Municipal Corporation has also provided jobs that would not have been available otherwise. It employs more than 400 women to sort plastic waste after collection. They are given the necessary tools, such as gloves and masks, to protect themselves. They also go around neighborhoods to collect the waste from homes. This shows the creation of jobs that help people who may have been unemployed, especially women who are often most impacted by poverty.

Looking Ahead

Garbage cafes have created opportunities for people in poverty to supply meals for themselves and their families. This shows the importance of investments in communities and how corporations can assert themselves in this role. For the 83 million who remain in poverty in India, there are initiatives by the government and garbage cafes to alleviate daily burdens. There are job openings, investments in community cleanups and meal provisions where necessary. India has shown one initiative that other countries can adopt to target two issues at one time.  

– Nickaylia Anderson

Nickaylia is based in Syracuse, NY, USA and focuses on Good News and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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How Lush Is Fighting Global Poverty One Soap at a Time

Lush Is Fighting Global PovertyFounded in the United Kingdom in 1995, Lush has become a global cosmetics giant, with more than 800 shops in 50 countries. From its conception, Lush reinvented the beauty scene, leading a “cosmetic revolution” which put ethics at the forefront of its business. From a soap that helps to fund vital services in Gaza to its unwavering advocacy, Lush is a powerful player when it comes to fighting against global poverty.

A Small but Mighty Hand Cream

One of the cornerstone products in Lush’s fight against global poverty has been its Charity Pots, a vanilla and floral-scented hand and body lotion. This product was created to raise money for grassroots groups, campaigns and nonprofits doing humanitarian groundwork protecting human rights and ensuring environmental justice. In 2024, Lush made more than $130 million in charitable donations since the launch of its giving initiatives back in 2007. The Charity Pot made up 75% of these donations.

Despite recently removing the product from its shelves, Lush remains committed to campaigning. The organization has produced a new line of Giving Products, which allows it greater flexibility in targeting and responding to global emergencies, directing money to where it is needed. Lush’s Charity Pots proved to be a small but mighty force in the fight against global poverty.

Lush’s Giving Products

Replacing the Charity Pots, Lush’s Giving Products hit the shelves with the Watermelon Slice soap as the first launch. Originally a regular product, it was turned into a Giving Product after a staff member highlighted the symbol’s significance in the movement to support a free Palestine. With each sale, 75% of the proceeds are donated to childhood mental health and medical services in Gaza, including charities providing prosthetic limb support to adults and children.

Since launching the Watermelon Slice soap, Lush has used its Giving Products to support various causes. These include aiding Indigenous volunteer fire brigades in the Amazon, backing lawyers and human rights activists in Mexico and supporting “She Should Run,” an organization working to increase diverse political participation.

The Use of Fairtrade Ingredients

One of the main selling points for Lush products is its use of Fairtrade ingredients. The Fairtrade Foundation seeks to address the root causes of poverty directly by ensuring farmers and workers in developing countries receive better prices, working conditions and more power over their products. Cheap products often come at the exploitation of those who grow them.

So by ensuring a minimum price, the Fairtrade Foundation ensures that farmers and workers can cover the costs of sustainable production and have a safety net for when the market falls below a sustainable level. Farmers whose products are Fairtrade certified also receive a Fairtrade Premium, a lump sum which members of Producer Organizations democratically decide how to spend. This money is typically invested in community development.

By choosing Fairtrade products, Lush is helping to break the cycle of poverty in developing countries, enhance the well-being and resilience of these communities and enable individuals a greater level of dignity.

Uplifting Communities Through Knot Wraps

Lush’s venture into reusable packaging has also proved significant in fighting global poverty. While sifting through bundles of vintage scarves, the Lush buying team discovered an abundant supply. In 2009, the company began stocking more than 40,000 wraps as part of its shift to knot wrapping, a sustainable, reusable packaging alternative.

From there, Lush began partnering with re-wrap, a nonprofit organization in India that produces 100% organic cotton knot wraps. Crafted by highly skilled female artisans, re-wrap makes a range of products, including tote bags, gift wraps, pouches and aprons and is dedicated to uplifting rural women and farming communities.

During production, local women are trained in the skills needed to make these wraps, enabling them to earn an income and empowering them to leave unsafe relationships. By working directly with re-wrap, Lush ensures that producers receive fair wages, further helping to alleviate poverty in rural communities.

A Lush Future

From its Watermelon Soap funding aid in Gaza to partnering with organizations that empower women in India through artisanal skills, Lush is building an impressive track record of fighting global poverty. Its unwavering advocacy and campaigning should serve as a blueprint for other companies. We can only hope this vital work continues and that others follow.

– Libby Foxwell

Libby is based in Sherborne, Dorset, UK and focuses on Good News for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Loans + Health: Asasah’s Microfinance Model for Pakistani Women

Asasah’s Microfinance ModelMore than 115 million women worldwide rely on microfinance loans. At first glance, this may look like an empowering opportunity. However, research shows a darker side: many women from improvised households running these small businesses report health challenges linked to the stress of heavy debt.

This raises an urgent question: how do we ensure that microfinance does not come at the cost of women’s well-being? One answer lies in Asasah’s Microfinance Model.

What is the Problem?

A study involving 442 women across multiple cities and provinces in Pakistan asked open-ended questions to explore the health consequences faced by small business owners. The findings revealed numerous challenges categorized into social, physical, mental and economic issues.

Specific concerns included stress, infectious diseases, inadequate housing and limited access to gas lines and health care facilities. Loans alone are insufficient to secure a thriving business and a healthy life.

Asasah’s Microfinance Model

Asasah is a Pakistan-based social enterprise that supports entrepreneurs through financial services to reduce poverty. Its mission is to boost productivity while driving sustainable poverty alleviation. What truly sets Asasah apart is its exclusive focus on women and its unique blend of financial services and health support.

Grounded in the belief that empowering women is one of the most powerful catalysts for social change, Asasah provides microloans and integrates health services to ensure long-term well-being and productivity. Every client receives mandatory health and credit life insurance, with coverage extending to their spouses.

Beyond insurance, Asasah also conducts health workshops to raise awareness and promote healthier living, ensuring that women remain productive and supported. The impact of Asasah’s approach is measurable.

Between its founding in 2003 and June 2013, the institution successfully disbursed 170,000 microloans, issued 170,000 life insurance policies and provided 35,000 health insurance plans.

Why It Is Important

Building on its findings, the study recommended several ways to address the challenges that arise after loans are provided in the microfinance sector. One key recommendation was to pair financial services with health interventions. These could include health insurance, housing loans and improvements to basic living conditions such as water and gas lines.

In other words, microfinance must be combined with health services to prevent the triple burden of debt, disease and destitution faced by many hard-working women. Only by acting on these recommendations can women sustain their businesses without being trapped in the cycle of poverty.

Thanks to Asasah’s approach and efforts, the institution has gone beyond simply providing tools for survival. Instead, it has asked a deeper question: How can we ensure women continue in their efforts? While the fight against poverty is far from over, Asasah’s microfinance model demonstrates how addressing immediate needs and long-term challenges can create lasting impact.

– Majida Mohamed

Majida is based in Minneapolis, MN, USA and focuses on Good News and Global Health for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Pixabay

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Devin Hibbard Dismantles the Poverty Cycle With Entrepreneurship

Devin HibbardDevin Hibbard is the cofounder and CEO of BeadforLife and Street Business School. She has demonstrated the power of seeing people’s talents and transforming them into beautiful businesses that help them get out of the poverty cycle.

The Power of Belief

When Devin Hibbard was 19, she traveled to Nepal on a medical relief trip with her parents. There, she witnessed her father save a woman’s life after childbirth. However, just days later, the woman passed away. That moment challenged Hibbard’s worldview.

She began to question everything, feeling the weight of how deeply unfair life can be and lost much of the belief she once held. Since then, Hibbard says she has worked hard to rebuild that belief. “And through working with women living in unspeakable poverty,” she shares, “I’ve learned a lot about the power of belief.”

One Necklace Turned Into One Mission

Later, Hibbard traveled to Uganda and met a woman named Millie, who made jewelry from discarded paper. During the civil war, Millie headed to the slums and did whatever she could to survive. Hibbard bought a necklace from Millie and before leaving Uganda, she and her mother purchased necklaces from each of the 100 women living in the mud homes of the slum.

Once she returned to the U.S., Hibbard hosted an event where she sold the beads. The event was so successful that it inspired her to return to Uganda and launch BeadforLife in 2004, a nonprofit organization that helps women dismantle the poverty cycle through entrepreneurship.

Providing the Tools To Succeed

To provide people in developing countries with the tools to become successful entrepreneurs, Devin Hibbard founded Street Business School. While BeadforLife helped women earn income through jewelry-making, Hibbard realized a more structured approach to business education was needed.

Street Business School (SBS) offers programs in valuable skills to people of all ages, genders and countries. Today, it partners with organizations in 37 countries. It has empowered more than 92,000 individuals, helping to break the cycle of poverty through sustainable change.

Hibbard’s vision for Millie and her beads in Uganda blossomed into a nonprofit that is transforming the lives of thousands, helping them dismantle the poverty cycle. It’s important to recognize that overcoming poverty often requires more than just financial support. It involves providing essential resources and knowledge that empower individuals to achieve long-lasting success.

Knowledge is very powerful, but so is the act of believing, both in oneself and others. By instilling this belief, people can create opportunities that lead to profound change. Together, society can achieve far more than we ever imagined.

Conclusion

Hibbard’s work is a powerful reminder that dismantling the poverty cycle isn’t about charity but unlocking potential. Through entrepreneurship, education and unwavering belief in human capability, she’s helping thousands rewrite their futures. Her impact proves that with the right tools and mindset, lasting change is not only possible, it’s inevitable.

– Knia Parks

Knia is based in Pepper Pike, OH, USA and focuses on Good News for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Jasiri Gender Bond: Women-Led Businesses in Tanzania

Jasiri Gender BondTanzania has seen its economy boom over the last couple of years. The country’s revenue is primarily derived from agriculture and the service industry. However, industries such as small and micro enterprises (SMEs) and small, micro and medium enterprises (SMMEs) are rising in Tanzania, adding more fuel to the country’s growing economy. More than 50% of these enterprises are owned or led by women.

However, a large majority, nearly 99%, are considered micro. Women-led businesses often face several challenges when scaling, including minimal access to funding and capital. FSD Africa’s new Jasiri Gender Bond program aims to help these businesses grow and empower more women to become entrepreneurs.

What Is a Gender Bond?

Gender bonds aim to bridge the funding gap that women-owned businesses face by supporting companies owned by women or employing a significant percentage of women. These bonds are typically issued by private corporations or banks, not governments.

In Tanzania specifically, women earn just $0.73 for every $1 earned by men. urgent need for initiatives like the Jasiri Gender Bond program, which seeks to promote economic equity and empower women entrepreneurs.

These bonds are crucial because many other standard forms of gaining funding for women-led businesses in many countries are either unavailable or rejected based on prejudices.

FSD Africa: Supporting Africa’s Economy

With U.K. aid help, this nonprofit supports all aspects of Africa’s financial markets. FSD Africa has more than 30 different programs spanning the entire continent, with specialized financial experts helping people and businesses navigate these challenging and complex economies. FSD Africa is committed to and focused on inclusion, sustainability and improving gender equality within the financial and entrepreneurial sectors.

In 2021, the organization started its “Finance for a Sustainable Future Strategy.” Since then, it has created more than 10,000 jobs, 34% for women, while reducing more than 4.5 million tonnes of carbon emissions. In 2022, the initiative launched its Jasiri Gender Bond in Tanzania, marking the start of its efforts to support women-led businesses in the country.

The Jasiri Gender Bond

FSD Africa’s Jasiri Gender Bond is the first in sub-Saharan Africa. It targets the growing number of women-led SMEs and SMMEs in Tanzania, where more than half are owned or run by women. Despite their significance, female entrepreneurs in Tanzania still face significant limitations when starting, sustaining or scaling their businesses. One of the biggest challenges is access to funding from traditional sources like banks, as many women lack collateral, such as property.

The Jasiri Gender Bond offers a more inclusive alternative to traditional lenders. It supports established women-led businesses and empowers companies with 30–50% female employees. Gender inclusivity remains central to the initiative’s mission. The bond also provides a lower interest rate (14%) than the current market average (19%), giving these women-led businesses a leg up, allowing for quicker growth and less financial burden.

The bond proceeds don’t just go into the pockets of a bank; they are invested back into NMB Bank’s Women Market Proposition to continue empowering women entrepreneurship.

Long-Term Benefits

The Jasiri Gender Bond will have a lasting effect on the Tanzanian economy. By bolstering the growing number of women-led SMEs and SMMEs, the bond will help bring more women into the workforce. Furthermore, the bond will provide more secure and equal-paying jobs. This will help reduce poverty.

FSD Africa has provided more than 3,200 loans to businesses, 97% of which are women-owned, helping to create jobs and increase female participation in the workforce. With SMEs and SMMEs projected to contribute 27% of Tanzania’s gross domestic product (GDP), women remain central to this growth.

The Gender Bond plays a crucial role in narrowing the wage and employment gap while empowering women-led enterprises.

– Collier Simpson

Collier is based in Savannah, GA, USA and focuses on Business and Good News for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Pexels

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Levant Startups Drive Innovation Amid Instability

levant startups Levant startups are reimagining how innovation can emerge in crisis-prone economies. Despite widespread poverty and instability, entrepreneurs in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Palestine are launching ventures that tackle problems in education, finance and basic services. These efforts are fostering grassroots economic resilience and drawing attention to a region long underestimated by global observers.

Background

As of 2024, poverty in the Levant region remained high. Poverty affects 44% of Lebanese, 69% of Syrians, 24.1% of Jordanians and around 74% of Palestinians. Many countries in the Levant region also struggle with acute food insecurity, including 13 million out of 25 million Syrians and 91% of Palestinians. Meanwhile, Lebanon faces widespread malnutrition because of constant shortages of essential food items.

Debt, inflation, wars and unemployment significantly contribute to poverty in the Levant. Female economic participation is still a challenge in the region. In Jordan, the female unemployment rate rose to 33%, standing 11% higher than the overall unemployment rate. However, entrepreneurship in the Levant is helping to alter these statistics.

The region has faced ongoing pressures from citizens who are unable to afford necessities and governments with overwhelming amounts of debt. Soaring unemployment and inflation have exacerbated the crisis and rendered many countries unable to rebuild after wars and conflicts. Yet amid these challenges, new startups are tackling local problems by offering practical solutions to problems in the education, finance and food delivery industries, and laying the groundwork for broader economic transformation.

Notable Startups in the Levant

Founded in 2016 by Siroun Shamigian and Nisrine El Makkouk, Kamkalima in Lebanon is an education technology startup that provides a digital curriculum companion for Arabic language education. It offers e-learning modules and assessments for students in grades 4-12. The service also enables teachers to track student progress using advanced data analytics. The founders noticed that Lebanon’s Arabic education system lacked the digital tools needed to bolster students’ Arabic grades, which were consistently low. Kamkalima empowers teachers with data analytics tools to enhance lessons and track students’ progress, while providing students with interactive tools to aid their writing, reading, and listening skills in Arabic.

Large enterprises struggle with transparency, efficiency and data accuracy in a region where invoicing processes are often manual, error-prone, and non-compliant with evolving regulations. A Jordan-based team of seasoned FinTech professionals founded InvoiceQ, an SaaS-based digital invoicing platform that meets the needs of businesses in Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Oman. InvoiceQ offers real-time, automated invoicing, with approval workflows, API integrations and two-way customer/vendor integration. The platform enables enhanced decision-making, reduces human error and turns invoicing into a strategic financial tool.

In Syria, infrastructure for digital services like food delivery, e-commerce and mobility was virtually nonexistent until Malek Al-Muzayen established Bee Order. It began as Syria’s first food delivery app. Before Bee Order, restaurants lacked delivery drivers, online ordering was unfamiliar and economic instability made tech development risky. Al-Muzayen built and scaled a local fleet of 150 delivery vehicles, introduced mobile-based ordering, and later launched a ride-hailing app called Wasilni to meet transportation needs.

Levant Startups: Innovation in the Face of Instability

Despite entrenched economic hardships, startups across the Levant are helping communities adapt and thrive. From enhancing Arabic education through Kamkalima, to digitizing financial operations with InvoiceQ, to launching the region’s first food delivery and ride-hailing services via Bee Order and Wasilni, entrepreneurs are responding to local needs with scalable, tech-driven solutions. These ventures reflect a broader shift; young founders are tackling systemic issues with creativity and resourcefulness, even in the context of conflict and economic instability.

Other promising ventures include Tajir.Store, a Syrian e-commerce platform helping businesses to automate their online store operations, and Rocheta, a health care app that connects patients with pharmacies to have medications delivered to their homes. Together, these startups are weaving a grassroots foundation for more inclusive economic participation and long-term resilience in the region. As they continue to grow, they are not only meeting immediate needs but also laying the groundwork for broader transformation in education, finance, commerce and mobility.

– Haley Parilla

Haley is based in Cape Coral, FL, USA and focuses on Business and Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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How Savings Groups in Uganda Drive Poverty Reduction

How Savings Groups in Uganda Drive Poverty ReductionAbout 37% of adults in Uganda are members of savings groups, making the country a leader in financial inclusion across Africa. These groups, which pool resources and provide loans to members, have gained popularity globally, with many adopting digital tools to enhance security and efficiency. Savings groups are particularly vital in impoverished and rural areas, offering financial services where banks and other institutions are inaccessible or nonexistent. With more than 1.4 billion people worldwide lacking access to formal financial systems, these groups offer a lifeline for promoting financial inclusion and reducing poverty. In Uganda, the community-driven model has become a powerful tool for building resilience and strengthening communities in the fight against poverty.

Types of Savings Groups

There are three main types of savings groups and their use depends on factors such as living standards, the amount of money involved and the participation agreement among members.

  1. Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs). It operates on a simple principle that every member contributes a fixed amount of money, usually agreed upon before formal meetings. Once all members have contributed, the pooled funds are handed out to one person on a rotational basis. In contrast,
  2. Accumulated Savings and Credit Associations (ASCAs). ASCAs, in contrast, do not distribute funds routinely. Instead, the collected money grows over time and members can request loans as needed.
  3. Village Savings and Loan Association (VSLA). The most common type of savings group in Uganda is the Village Savings and Loan Association (VSLA), according to a survey by Financial Inclusion Insights (FII) conducted across 12 countries, including Kenya, Uganda and Nigeria. Like ASCAs, VSLAs allow members to borrow from a shared pool of funds. However, VSLAs differ by equally distributing any interest earned on loans among group members. In Uganda, 11% of individuals involved in savings groups belong to VSLAs. Additionally, 4.7% of those using VSLAs or ASCAs are more likely to live in rural communities than in urban areas, highlighting the significance of these groups in supporting rural financial inclusion.

Driving Financial Inclusion

Promoting financial education globally is essential in the fight against poverty. Savings groups offer individuals opportunities to learn about key financial concepts such as saving, interest rates and loans. These groups also bridge the gap for those without access to traditional financial institutions, providing a pathway to greater financial inclusion and stability.

The World Bank reports that about 50% of Uganda’s population has access to financial institutions. However, 37% of adults in Uganda are involved in savings groups, highlighting their importance in advancing financial inclusion and reducing poverty. Beyond financial education, saving groups empower individuals to understand various social and economic issues. They build partnerships within communities, raise awareness on critical social topics and even contribute to community building and infrastructure development. 

Empowering Women Through Savings Groups

Women face disproportionate impacts from poverty globally. At least one in 10 women live in poverty and women are seven times more likely than men to experience extreme poverty. In Uganda, savings groups play a vital role in empowering women by offering safe spaces to save money and access loans. These loans help women start businesses, provide for their families and meet personal needs, fostering financial independence and stability.

According to a survey conducted by the Fin Mark Trust across 30 countries, including Kenya, Uganda and Nigeria, Uganda has the highest proportion of women engaged in savings groups, with 39% of women participating. Gender inequality remains one of the leading causes of poverty and addressing wage gaps and promoting social benefits for women is critical in reducing poverty among women. Uganda’s savings groups act as a powerful tool in fighting against poverty among women, breaking down barriers they face in corporate, social and family life and building economic empowerment.

Challenges Facing Savings Groups

Despite their benefits, savings groups face several obstacles:

  • Resource Limitations: Many groups in rural areas lack infrastructure and secure storage systems, exposing funds to risks such as theft or mismanagement.
  • Reliance on Physical Meetings: Regular in-person meetings, while essential, can pose logistical challenges compared to the convenience offered by formal financial institutions.
  • Digital Divide: Urban savings groups increasingly use mobile money and digital tools, but rural groups lack access to digital infrastructure, hindering modernization and long-term sustainability.

A more pressing challenge for savings groups is the need to adopt digitized systems. While urban savings groups have started using mobile money and other digital tools, rural communities often lack the necessary digital infrastructure. This gap highlights a growing divide and raises concerns about the long-term sustainability of savings groups in an increasingly digital world. Tackling this issue will require innovation within savings groups and proactive government initiatives to expand digital infrastructure in Uganda’s rural areas.

Sustainability Through Innovation

Organizations like Plan International play a pivotal role in strengthening savings groups. By introducing mobile money and secure savings solutions, it addresses critical challenges and improves efficiency. Plan International, for instance, has supported 1.5 million individuals across 76,000 savings groups in 28 countries, demonstrating the potential for scalable solutions.

Moving Forward

Savings groups in Uganda are transforming lives by providing financial inclusion, empowering women and fostering community resilience. These groups offer a lifeline for individuals lacking access to formal financial systems, enabling them to save, borrow and invest in their futures. While challenges such as resource limitations and the digital divide remain, ongoing innovation and support from organizations and governments can strengthen the sustainability of these groups. Uganda’s savings groups serve as a global model for tackling poverty through grassroots financial solutions, demonstrating the power of community-driven change.

– Zacc Katusiime

Zacc is based in Kampala, Uganda and focuses on Business and Good News, Politics for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Microfinance in Egypt: A Tool to Ease Poverty

Microfinance in EgyptMicrofinance in Egypt has been used to promote financial inclusion and empower low-income individuals, particularly women. It does so by providing them with access to small loans and financial services, allowing them to satisfy their household’s needs independently. This has been supported by both government initiatives and NGOs, helping to stimulate entrepreneurship and improve livelihoods in impoverished communities in Egypt.

The Aim of Microfinance Loans

Among other things, microfinance in Egypt aims to extend loans and other financial services to women who need more collateral to access traditional banking services. The microfinance institution covers around 82% of Egyptian poor and low-income households. It not only empowers entrepreneurs and small businesses but stimulates local economies by promoting self-sufficiency and reducing poverty.

Crucially, microfinance loans have a positive effect on the household incomes of women borrowers. While women make up nearly half of Egypt’s population, they make up less than a quarter of the country’s total labour force, many of whom work in the informal sector. As a result of working for the informal sector, women often cannot access financial services, which is an issue that the use of microfinance loans could tackle.

Prioritizing Financial Inclusion

As part of Egypt’s Vision 2030, the national Egyptian government seeks to prioritize women’s financial inclusion and economic empowerment. Already, the Central Bank has begun initiatives to allow female owners of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to be part of the formal financial system, according to the Economist Impact. This is important as the Central Bank’s policies indirectly impact the microlending system where its initiatives to enhance digital financial services and financial inclusion can heighten access to microloans for impoverished communities.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) calculates that increasing the female labor force participation rate to the male level and increasing employment opportunities could increase Egypt’s GDP by 34%, the Economist Impact reports.

Further Developments

Additionally, to support the government’s efforts, HSBC Bank Egypt and Reefy Microfinance Enterprise Services signed a deal earlier this year to provide 150 million Egyptian pounds to micro businesses in Egypt, with one-third of that figure going towards female-led enterprises. On top of this, HSBC has pledged it will provide between $750 billion and $1 trillion dollars by 2030, to support sustainable financing, the Economist Impact reports.

Despite the significant improvements for some, a large number of old clients who have not seen an improvement in household income following the scheme, remain.

Moreover, there are operational risks such as fraud prevention and technology dependency. The risks of fraud are high considering the digital nature of many interactions whereby the implementation of robust fraud detection systems is crucial. Moreover, technology dependency appears to be another operational risk as “the increasing reliance on technology for loan disbursement and collection processes creates risks related to cybersecurity and system reliability,” according to Andersen. Other potential issues include market saturation or funding and liquidity management. Market saturation means that many “entities are competing for the same customer base,” a current example being Valu.

Overall, microfinance in Egypt offers a promising future for financial inclusion and economic empowerment, bar the potential for certain risks. By providing access to small loans and financial services, Microfinance enables individuals to meet their household needs, stimulate entrepreneurship and enhance livelihoods in underprivileged communities. The support from both government initiatives and NGOs has been extremely helpful in facilitating this process, aligning with Egypt’s Vision 2030.

– Amani Almasri

Amani is based in Durham, UK and focuses on Good News and Technology for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Unsplash