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Youth Empowerment in Nigeria: A Pathway to Stability and Growth

Youth Empowerment in NigeriaNigeria is a nation on the brink. With a population exceeding 227 million, more than 70% are under the age of 30. By 2050, Nigeria will likely have the third highest population in the world, surpassing the United States. Yet, the country faces a brewing demographic crisis: chronic youth unemployment, political disenfranchisement and rising insecurity threaten to ignite widespread unrest. Youth empowerment in Nigeria is no longer a development goal—it is a critical tool for national stability and economic growth.

Nationwide Youth Disillusionment

As of 2020, Nigeria’s youth unemployment rate hovered around 33.3% in 2020. This economic stagnation, paired with urban overcrowding and growing distrust in government institutions, has contributed to the rise of protests like #EndSARS and the spread of armed insurgency in northern regions.

The International Crisis Group has warned that Nigeria’s fragile social contract is under pressure, and that failure to provide meaningful opportunities for youth could destabilize West Africa’s largest democracy.

Investing in Peace Through Empowerment

Programs aimed at youth empowerment in Nigeria are increasingly viewed not only as developmental tools but as instruments of peacebuilding. One such effort is the Nigeria Jubilee Fellows Programme (NJFP), a government and UNDP initiative launched in 2021. The program offers year-long fellowships in private and public sector organizations for recent graduates, helping reduce the gap between education and employment. One measurable outcome of NJFP is that more than 20,000 fellows have been matched with host organizations across various sectors in Nigeria as of 2024.

Education Access and Human Development

Nigeria ranks 164h out of 191 countries on the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) as of the 2023 report, placing it in the “low human development” category. The HDI measures key indicators such as life expectancy, education levels and gross national income per capita.

A closer look reveals that youth empowerment in Nigeria—or the lack thereof—is central to the country’s persistent development challenges. Youth represent the engine of national progress, yet many lack access to quality education, skills training or meaningful work. According to UNICEF Nigeria, around 10.5 million Nigerian children remain out of school, with many dropping out before completing a national secondary school education.

An initiative working to combat this is the Universal Basic Education Commission (UBEC), which partners with both federal and state governments to increase school enrollment through conditional cash transfers, free textbooks and girl-child education programs.

By investing in youth, Nigeria can significantly boost its HDI over time. Improvements in educational attainment, employment rates and health outcomes among young people directly translate to gains in national productivity, income growth and life expectancy. Empowering youth is not just social policy—it is a development strategy.

Long-Term Barriers to Empowerment

Despite promising initiatives, significant barriers remain. Many rural areas lack reliable electricity and internet connectivity—both of which are essential for participation in today’s digital economy. According to the International Telecommunication Union, only 12% of Nigerians have adequate access to the internet as of May 2022. 

Moreover, institutional bottlenecks and corruption continue to undermine youth-focused programs. Transparency International ranked Nigeria 145th out of 180 countries in its 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index.

Organizations like Tech4Dev and Andela are helping by building scalable programs that combine tech education with job placement services, particularly targeting underserved regions. These programs close the digital skills gap through scalable programs that merge education with employment opportunities, particularly for underserved communities.

Tech4Dev’s Digital for All Initiative

Tech4Dev’s Digital for All initiative emerged in partnership with Microsoft and Nigeria’s Federal Ministry of Communications and Digital Economy. It has provided basic to intermediate digital literacy training to more than 400,000 Nigerians with a strong focus on rural youth and women. The program includes job readiness tracks in areas such as cybersecurity, productivity tools and software development, with localized delivery to improve accessibility across all six geopolitical zones in Nigeria.

Andela’s Learning Community

With support from Google and Facebook, Andela’s Learning Community (ALC) offers intensive technical training in software engineering, product design and cloud computing. Since its inception, ALC has trained more than 100,000 young Africans with many participants securing freelance and full-time roles with global tech firms. The community-driven model allows learners to access mentorship, peer support and employment pipelines from entry-level to senior roles.

These initiatives not only equip youth with relevant, future-proof skills but also serve as bridges to employment, helping to reduce inequality and support Nigeria’s transition toward a knowledge-based economy.

Conclusion: Youth or Chaos

Nigeria stands at a major crossroad. Ignoring its burgeoning youth population invites instability. Empowering its young population—through targeted investments in education, jobs and leadership—can not only lift millions out of poverty but also prevent the next generation from resorting to violence. With the right support, Nigeria’s youth can become its greatest asset—not its greatest risk.

– Kenneth Oko-Oboh

Kenneth is based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and focuses on Technology and Solutions for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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Youth Empowerment Initiatives in Rwanda

Youth Empowerment Initiatives in RwandaIn 1994, extremist Hutus (the majority ethnic group) in Rwanda orchestrated a series of mass murders against the minority Tutsi population. This horrific genocide rocked the international community and left Rwanda in ruins. However, the country has become an incredible example of resilience and renewal three decades later. Central to this transformation has been the effort of different organizations empowering youth in Rwanda. Here are three of the most notable youth empowerment initiatives in Rwanda:

Never Again Rwanda

Never Again Rwanda (NAR) is a grassroots organization “dedicated to peacebuilding and social justice.” Its primary strategy is engaging young people, encouraging them to become agents for peace and valuable community members. NAR has employed several tactics to empower Rwandan youth.

One of these is confidence-building sessions, allowing young people to express their feelings and foster critical thinking skills. This has resulted in several participants running for leadership positions in their respective communities, advocating for social change and making a significant difference in post-genocide Rwanda.

NAR has also financially supported five youth-led organizations dedicated to peacebuilding and socioeconomic resilience. These youth-led initiatives attracted more than 3,000 people and they used creative approaches (poems, art, songs and more) to advocate for political reform.

Finally, NAR has worked to “bridge the gap between youth and social leaders,” through roundtable discussions where young people highlight relevant challenges and work with local government officials to foster solutions. Such transparency and connectedness between the state and the citizens are incredibly rare, proving how motivated youth are to work to make a change in Rwanda.

Youth Connekt Rwanda

The National Strategy for Transformation in Rwanda has noted that youth are its most excellent resource. YouthConnekt, created to tap into that resource, is “a platform designed to connect the youth for socioeconomic transformation.” It was first implemented in 2012 through the joint efforts of the Rwandan government and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). YouthConnekt focuses on leveraging youth employability and entrepreneurship.

This program has connected thousands of young Rwandans with mentorship, networking, funding and employment opportunities. The initiative also promotes civic engagement, encouraging young people to obtain digital training and get involved in their own local government. YouthConnekt Rwanda has won multiple awards, including the Future Policy Gold Award 2019 for Economic Empowerment of Youth. It has also received endorsement from the African Union. Dozens of professional partners have joined the program, optimizing youth empowerment initiatives in Rwanda.

Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI)

YALI is a program founded by Barack Obama to “invest in the next generation of African leaders.” Most of Africa’s population is below 30 years old, marking a significant need to prepare them for the future. The Rwanda chapter, in particular, describes itself as a “community of young leaders who are passionate about driving positive change in our communities and beyond.”

Through the YALI Regional Leadership in East Africa, the program offers intensive training in entrepreneurship, civic engagement and various soft skills. Participants engage in collaborative activities, attend workshops and make valuable connections. YALI has a robust alumni base that spans Africa. This incredible program serves as a stepping stone for young Rwandans, empowering them to make a positive change in their local communities and beyond.

A Vision for the Future

Despite its dark past, youth empowerment initiatives in Rwanda, such as Never Again Rwanda, YouthConnekt Rwanda and YALI, have helped unlock a brighter future. These programs have helped thousands of brilliant young Rwandans to develop leadership skills, become involved in civics and create change in their local communities.

By empowering the younger generation, Rwanda has made a worthwhile investment in its future prosperity, stability and resilience. The country has not only addressed the wounds of the past but built a foundation for sustainable peace and development. This offers a valuable lesson to underdeveloped nations and post-conflict societies: investing in the youth can yield incredible results.

– Josh Weinstein

Josh is based in Chester Springs, PA, USA and focuses on Good News for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Pexels

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K-Pop in Kenya: Boosting Youth and Economic Opportunities

K-Pop in KenyaK-pop is a music genre from South Korea and since the early 2010s, it has been a global success. However, K-pop in Kenya has exploded as a cultural phenomenon in recent years. In 2022, Spotify reported a 93% annual growth in K-pop streams across the sub-Saharan Africa region, with K-pop in Kenya seeing a 140% increase. The data shows that the majority of these listeners are below the age of 30. Yet this exponential increase in listeners has had a more profound impact beyond just boosting K-pop’s listener base – it is having real-world impacts on Kenya’s youth and economy.

Cultural Enrichment in Education

The growth of K-pop in Kenya has given way to various education initiatives in the country. One example is the rise in the use of the King Sejong Institute. This online platform reaches worldwide and is supported by the South Korean government. As a result of their interest in K-pop, Kenyan students are using this platform to learn the Korean language and immerse themselves in Korean culture, including gaining further exposure to K-pop, Korean TV (K-dramas) and cuisine.

Kenyan university student Pe Arlkh shared on the K-pop fansite KCrush how learning Korean through K-pop-inspired programs created new opportunities. These experiences allowed them to study Korean cuisine in South Korea. This, in turn, opened doors to better educational and professional prospects, helping to break cycles of poverty.

Economic Impact

Beyond their experiences learning Korean and studying in South Korea, Pe Arlkh explained that they could return to Kenya. As a result of the growing love for K-pop in Kenya, they established a platform to share their experiences with K-pop and Korean culture. This led them to organize cultural events and teaching experiences. These opportunities help individuals to empower each other and to generate their income, increasing their chances of economic freedom.

Additionally, the growing popularity of K-pop in Kenya is boosting the country’s economy in several ways. The demand for K-pop music has led to an increase in vendors selling merchandise and organizing K-pop events. This trend has created new income opportunities for locals, allowing them to turn their passion into a sustainable livelihood and increase their economic participation.

K-Pop Fest KE: A Creative Platform

Events celebrating K-pop in Kenya and contributing to the economy are rising. For instance, the inaugural K-Pop Fest KE in 2024 was a landmark event showcasing the power of music and culture to inspire creativity among Kenyan youth. Hosted at Hillcrest International Schools in Nairobi, the festival featured live K-pop dance performances, interactive K-drama sessions and K-beauty demonstrations, attracting more than 300 attendees.

Events like this encourage young people to explore new creative outlets and foster a sense of belonging, helping to amplify their aspirations. The K-Pop Fest KE has bolstered this trend, with merchandise booths and vendor participation enhancing local economic activity.

Broader Social Impacts

The social impact of K-pop in Kenya goes beyond education and the economy. With increasing internet penetration and cultural divides shrinking through social media, Kenyan youth are more connected to global cultures than ever. The K-pop fandom in Kenya has a unique community-building power, making individuals feel part of something larger. This sense of belonging helps them encourage each other in their educational and professional pursuits while combating feelings of isolation.

The movement of K-pop in Kenya is a clear example of how the sharing of cultures can transcend entertainment to impact education, professional development and economic empowerment. Through creative programs, events like K-Pop Fest KE and entrepreneurial ventures, K-pop has opened pathways for young Kenyans to embrace confidence, pursue education and achieve sustainable livelihoods. Its ability to foster connection and inspire growth highlights the transformative power of cultural exchange.

– Amber Lennox

Amber is based in Suffolk, UK and focuses on Good News for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Flickr

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How Footprints Family Is Transforming Lives in Shimba Hills

Footprints FamilyIn Shimba Hills, Kenya, many challenges keep families from meeting basic needs. With a population of more than 866,000, Kwale County is Kenya’s 27 most populated counties. Kwale is also one of Kenya’s most impoverished and marginalized counties.

Primarily, the youth of Shimba Hills face a lack of quality schools, limited access to health care and essential medications, poor infrastructure and inhumane living conditions. The primary catalyst of these issues is the lack of government support. Both at the local and national level, there is little to no federal interference to resolve these life-threatening matters.

Poverty in Kenya

The overall poverty rate of Kenya in 2022 was 39.8%, according to the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. In Kwale County, the child poverty headcount rate is 51.1%, with almost 1,000 children below the poverty line.

Rural areas are also hit at an unequal rate compared to urban areas, forcing them into a more difficult cycle of poverty. In 2022, the hardcore poverty rate in rural Kenya was 9.3%, affecting around 3.2 million people. Along with being hit at an unfair rate, rural areas such as Shimba Hills also show weaker recovery from poverty rates yearly, especially post-COVID-19.

Footprints Family

In 2007, Kerry Watson visited East Africa. Her trip turned from simply volunteering to a widespread child poverty activism project in Kwale County. That same year, Watson bought land and created the U.K.-based charity Footprints Family. After opening its doors in 2010, Footprints Family has profoundly helped more than 200 people in the Shimba Hills community.

After nearly two decades, Footprints Family has achieved numerous milestones in supporting Kwale’s most vulnerable children. Hundreds have benefited from free education programs, secure on-site accommodations during school terms and improved access to education through dedicated transportation services.

Along with nurturing relationships among families facing unfortunate situations, Footprints Family offers three programs to target specific problems at home.

Mama Kerry’s Home-Based Care

Introduced in 2019, Mama Kerry’s Home-Based Care program offers essential support tailored to the unique dynamics of children’s families. In partnership with the Children’s Welfare Society of Kenya, the program conducts assessments and provides financial assistance and food packages to those in need. As a result, most children are successfully reintegrated into kinship care, with regular follow-up visits ensuring continued support.

The Mkwakwani Stepping Stone Youth Program

The Mkwakwani Steppingstone Youth Program supports children in their transition to adulthood, equipping them for a brighter future. Upon completing formal education, participants receive continued assistance through counseling, educational programs, cyberlearning centers and more.

The Early Years Academy

In 2021, the nonprofit introduced Early Years Academy to address education and learning poverty by creating a school accessible to children ages 4-11. The staff consists of trained educators and transportation is provided to and from schools in surrounding villages. The extensive grounds allow each child to learn hands-on and make the most of the nature surrounding them.

Conclusion

Footprints Family remains a lifeline for vulnerable children in Shimba Hills, filling the gaps left by inadequate government support. Through education, family reintegration and youth empowerment programs, the organization transforms lives and creates lasting change. With continued support and donations, Footprints Family can expand its impact and provide a brighter future for the children of Kwale County.

– Rachael Wexler

Rachael is based in Chicago IL, USA and focuses on Good News and Global Health for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Pexels

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AFRYDEV: Empowering Women and Youth in Northeastern Nigeria

AFRYDEVThe Northeastern geopolitical zone of Nigeria has been grappling with a severe crisis largely driven by the activities of Boko Haram, an Islamist terrorist jihadist organization. This violent extremist group has inflicted significant harm on innocent citizens. Boko Haram’s ideology is rooted in establishing a “pure” Islamic state governed by Sharia law.

The group’s operations have gained traction in the region due to a confluence of socioeconomic factors, including widespread poverty, hunger, lack of education and limited social development.

African Youth for Peace Development and Empowerment (AFRYDEV), a nongovernmental organization established in 2013, is actively addressing the escalating challenges of poverty, gender-based violence (GBV) and socioeconomic inequality in this region.

The Situation in Northeastern Nigeria

The Northeast, Nigeria’s largest geopolitical zone, has been a conflict zone since 2009 when Boko Haram declared its goal to form an Islamic State in the region. In response, in 2013, the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) declared a state of emergency and launched military operations in the area. However, as of 2019, the conflict has resulted in more than 35,000 deaths and displaced more than two million people, including women and children. Furthermore, more than eight million people in the region are in need of humanitarian aid.

With the extremist group still a threat, carrying out attacks across different villages in the Northeast, many families are struggling to meet their basic needs in the face of relentless insecurity. Poverty remains rampant, with many households lacking access to essential services such as health care, education and safe water, perpetuating a cycle of deprivation and social instability. The ongoing conflict has worsened vulnerabilities, particularly for women and girls, who face heightened risks of gender-based violence (GBV) and exclusion from economic opportunities.

AFRYDEV recognizes that these issues are intertwined and significantly hinder the potential for sustainable development and peace within these communities. Therefore, as a youth- and women-led organization, AFRYDEV is dedicated to tackling the critical issues of poverty and hunger through innovative and targeted interventions aimed at addressing the essential needs of insurgency-affected communities.

AFRYDEV’s Strategy

AFRYDEV employs a multifaceted approach to address the intertwined challenges of poverty, GBV and socioeconomic inequality in conflict-affected regions of Northeast Nigeria. Its strategy is rooted in community engagement, peacebuilding and socioeconomic development. The NGO actively involves local stakeholders, including women, youth, traditional leaders and government representatives, in the design and implementation of its programs. This participatory approach fosters ownership and ensures that AFRYDEV’s initiatives are responsive to the specific needs and aspirations of the communities it serves.

For instance, its Youth Peace Camp Project empowers vulnerable youth through leadership and civic engagement training. It also establishes youth community service clubs that promote active participation in local governance, creating a platform for transparency, accountability and collaborative nation-building. Similarly, through projects like the European Union’s Support to Early Recovery, AFRYDEV facilitates the reintegration of women and girls affected by Boko Haram, enhancing social cohesion while also providing vocational training and economic opportunities.

Additionally, AFRYDEV’s focus on gender-sensitive programming ensures that women and girls are not only protected from GBV but are also empowered to participate fully in economic and social life. By combining humanitarian assistance with capacity-building initiatives, the nonprofit aims to transform communities, promote social stability and pave the way for a more peaceful and equitable society in northeastern Nigeria.

Empowering Women and Youth

AFRYDEV has empowered more than 50,000 women and youths through various initiatives aimed at promoting active citizenship, leadership and skills development. The establishment of youth community service clubs has further strengthened community ties and encouraged active participation in local governance. In Yobe State, its collaboration with various stakeholders has led to the successful reintegration of more than 1,000 girls and women who were previously abducted by Boko Haram insurgents, highlighting the organization’s commitment to social acceptance and healing.

Furthermore, programs like ‘’Resilience Building through Livelihood’s Support to Promote Durable Solutions’’ have provided sustainable livelihood options through the restoration of market systems, protection and income generation starter packages to more than 10,000 people affected by the conflict. The Community Clean-up Project in Borno State has improved the physical environment and also fostered a sense of inclusion and economic opportunity among marginalized youth, thereby building trust within communities.

The outcomes of AFRYDEV’s efforts extend beyond immediate interventions, contributing to broader socioeconomic development and resilience in the region. Its focus on livelihood and economic empowerment has provided training and resources to vulnerable women and girls, enabling them to start their own businesses and contribute to their families’ incomes. This approach has led to improved economic stability and has equipped individuals with marketable skills, fostering long-term self-sufficiency.

Additionally, AFRYDEV’s training programs for community stakeholders have enhanced local capacities in conflict resolution and dialogue, facilitating sustainable peace and human rights advocacy. Overall, the positive changes brought about by AFRYDEV’s work are evident in the strengthened community relationships, increased engagement in governance and enhanced well-being of conflict-affected populations, ultimately contributing to a more peaceful and resilient society.

Final Note

AFRYDEV is committed to providing life-saving protection services to address the impact of the humanitarian crisis on vulnerable women, adolescent girls, boys and men in host communities, internally displaced persons (IDPs) and returnees. The organization focuses on an integrated, survivor-centered and community-based approach to address gaps identified in the prevention and response to GBV in conflict-affected communities in northeastern Nigeria. This includes providing access to life-saving services for GBV survivors, skills building and livelihood options through localizing the production of dignity kits and reusable menstrual hygiene kits. These initiatives aim to improve the economic security of women and adolescent girls, leading to enhanced reproductive health outcomes and financial stability.

– Staff Reports
Photo: Flickr

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Social Innovation Academy: Turning Challenges Into Opportunities

Social Innovation AcademyUnemployment remains a core challenge for African youths. With the continent’s youth population projected to double by 2050, limited opportunities fuel instability and poverty. About 10 to 12 million new job seekers will enter the labor market each year. Yet, only 3 million formal jobs are available. Among these are vulnerable youth from various backgrounds, including refugees, former child soldiers and individuals from impoverished communities.

Many have lost hope, facing extreme poverty with little access to purposeful opportunities. However, meaningful employment by equipping young people with skills and resources to initiate changes is critical for peace and stability. In the face of daunting youth unemployment and economic challenges, the need for innovative, grassroots solutions has never been greater.

The Social Innovation Academy

The Social Innovation Academy (SINA), a nonprofit organization established in 2014, empowers disadvantaged young people between the ages of 16 to 29 by fostering social entrepreneurship, leading to the creation of more than 80 impactful social enterprises. SINA’s approach is deeply rooted in the belief that every individual can rise to their fullest potential regardless of background.

Unlike traditional vocational training, its model enables youth to build enterprises that address the challenges in their communities. Through a five-step empowerment process, youth develop both personal and professional skills. They are transformed from passive recipients of aid to active drivers of their futures.

Success Stories

“I’m living my dream instead of dreaming my life!” shares Joseph Bwinika, one of the many SINA scholars who has experienced profound personal transformation. In SINA, people like Bwinika transform through discovering their purpose and gaining a growth mindset of possibilities. Many youths, who seemed to have given up on life or resorted to coping mechanisms such as drugs or alcohol, found a new purpose in life and gained the skills to create a social enterprise that supports others as well.

Since its inception, more than 80 social enterprises have been launched in sectors such as health care, water supply, recycling and microfinance. Collectively, these startups have paid out more than $400,000 in salaries in the last year and attracted more than $500,000 in investment capital in 2023. Many of the founders use their past hardships as inspiration for their ventures. For example, Joan Nalubega, a former orphan who suffered from malaria, developed a mosquito-repellent soap and now employs more than 48 people. Her social enterprise, Uganics, has reduced malaria cases for its customers by 85% in rural Uganda.

Another SINA graduate, Janet Aguti, was raped at the age of 8 and today runs an organization providing medical, legal and psychological support to victims of sexual violence. Similarly, Rebecca Aime, once a refugee living in extreme poverty without access to even a small loan, is now providing microfinance to thousands of refugee women and has become an Echoing Green Fellow.

Freesponsibility

At the core of SINA’s philosophy is the concept of “freesponsibility,” which blends freedom and responsibility. This innovative approach allows learners to take ownership of their education by creating their own curriculum and taking up dynamic roles within SINA. Unlike traditional top-down structures, freesponsibility empowers every participant to lead and contribute, driving self-organization.

This framework promotes intrinsic motivation and full ownership, ensuring that all participants are leaders and followers simultaneously. It creates a regenerative cycle where former scholars return as coaches, helping to sustain and improve the model.

Final Remark

SINA’s Framework is designed for replication and scalability. It welcomes communities and organizations to adopt its approach across Africa. There are currently 18 independently-run SINA communities in six African countries, each using the self-organization and “freesponsibility” principles to empower youth. These communities form part of a larger network that shares best practices and supports collective growth. Together, they can unlock a brighter future for the next generation in Africa, contributing to lasting peace and prosperity across the continent.

– Staff Reports
Photo: Flickr

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How IWAYEC Is Transforming Livelihoods in Borno State, Nigeria

IWAYECIntegrated Women and Youths Empowerment Center (IWAYEC), a nongovernmental organization (NGO) registered in 2003, has been instrumental in improving the livelihoods of vulnerable communities in Borno State, Nigeria, particularly in conflict-affected areas like Izge in Gwoza Local Government Area (LGA). One of the center’s flagship projects focuses on empowering local farmers by providing them with essential farming equipment, high-quality seedlings and necessary chemicals for both irrigation and traditional farming. 

This initiative aims to boost agricultural productivity and ensure food security in a region where farming is a primary source of livelihood. However, it has been severely disrupted by ongoing conflicts. Here is how IWAYEC is impacting lives in these conflicted-affected regions:

Uplifting Women

In addition to supporting farmers, IWAYEC is dedicated to uplifting women across Borno State through skills acquisition programs. More than 6,000 women in six LGAs have benefited from training in petty trading, cattle rearing and oil extraction. These skills are vital for enabling women to generate sustainable incomes and support their families. By focusing on both agricultural and entrepreneurial empowerment, IWAYEC is not only addressing immediate economic needs but also laying the groundwork for long-term resilience and self-sufficiency in these communities.

Integrating Communities and Local Stakeholders

IWAYEC employs a holistic, multi-layered approach to tackling the diverse challenges faced by vulnerable groups, especially in conflict-affected regions. Central to its strategy is the integration of community engagement and stakeholder collaboration. IWAYEC actively involves local leaders, civil society organizations and government agencies to ensure that its interventions are culturally sensitive and community-driven.

By facilitating open dialogues with beneficiaries, the organization tailors its projects to address the specific needs and challenges of each community. This grassroots approach fosters trust, strengthens local ownership and ensures the long-term sustainability of its programs.

Addressing Gender-Based Violence

Prioritizing child protection and safeguarding, IWAYEC implements initiatives that address abuse and exploitation, creating safe spaces for children and adolescents. A flagship initiative, the School-Related Gender-Based Violence (SRGBV) project, funded by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), prevents and responds to violence in schools, ensuring safe learning environments for both girls and boys.

These initiatives, alongside community engagement efforts, have fostered economic empowerment, improved educational access and strengthened the social fabric of some of Nigeria’s most vulnerable communities, bringing IWAYEC’s mission and vision closer to reality. The organization also engages in advocacy efforts to address systemic issues affecting women and children, working to influence policy changes and promote social justice.

Final Remark

IWAYEC operates with a deep commitment to inclusivity and sustainability. Beyond its core projects, the organization places a strong emphasis on monitoring and evaluation to ensure the effectiveness and impact of its initiatives. IWAYEC regularly assesses the progress of its programs through feedback from beneficiaries, data analysis and collaboration with local stakeholders.

This continuous learning approach allows for the adaptation and enhancement of strategies to better meet the evolving needs of the communities it serves. Through its comprehensive approach and commitment to community-driven solutions, IWAYEC is making a meaningful and enduring impact on the lives of its beneficiaries.

– Staff Reports
Photo: Flickr

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Child Poverty in Antigua and Barbuda

Child Poverty in Antigua and BarbudaAntigua and Barbuda is a country in the Caribbean with an estimated population of 103,600 people. Antigua is mainly known for its beaches and as a popular tourist destination. Tourism is the main driver of Antigua and Barbuda’s economy after sugarcane production became insignificant. In 2016, 18% of the population lived in poverty and 5% were considered indigent. However, the poverty rate in Antigua and Barbuda is lower than the average of 23% for the Eastern Caribbean.

Child Poverty

According to the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), child poverty in Antigua and Barbuda is largely affected by COVID-19, education and unemployment. In 2016, 24% of children ages 0-17 and 25% of adolescents ages 10-19 were living in poverty. UNICEF’s studies show that adolescents ages 10-19 in female-headed households were twice as likely to be poor compared to those in male-headed households. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, child poverty rates were projected to rise to 29%.

Education

Secondary school students in Antigua and Barbuda take the Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate (CSEC) exams, which help them gain admission to colleges and universities. In 2018-2019, 27% of students passed five or more CSEC subjects, including English and mathematics. The average pass rate among Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) member countries is 28%. During the same period, the proportion of trained teachers was 48% at the primary level and 50% at the secondary level, significantly lower than the OECS averages of 72% and 60%, respectively.

Employment and Unemployment

According to UNICEF, youth ages 15 to 19 in Antigua and Barbuda were more likely to be unemployed, as there was little evidence of child labor. Instead, these youths focused on education and exploring future opportunities rather than entering the workforce. In 2016, 36% of youth in Antigua and Barbuda were employed, while 26% were unemployed. In comparison, 87% of adults were employed and 6% were unemployed. Young adults ages 20 to 24 (82%) were four times more likely to be employed than those ages 15 to 19. Additionally, 18% of youth ages 15 to 24 are classified as Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET), with young NEETs being twice as likely to be ages 20-24 and more likely to be female.

Strengthening Education

UNICEF is focused on strengthening the education system in Antigua and Barbuda. This includes improving teaching quality, enhancing learning materials and integrating more communication technology. Post-COVID-19, UNICEF also aims to address multidimensional child poverty by working toward its eradication. It also wants to boost employability, which often relies on the tourism sector, to support continued economic growth. Additionally, in 2013, the World Bank Board of Directors approved a $10 million loan to Antigua and Barbuda to improve services for the population. Initiatives were aimed at boosting income and employability through temporary employment and training programs.

In Antigua and Barbuda’s 2021 Voluntary National Review (VNR), the government outlined several development goals under the theme “Leaving No One Behind.” These goals included no poverty, good health and well-being, quality education, gender equality and decent work and economic growth. For each goal, the VNR provided examples of the country’s commitment to achieving them. To address poverty among women and children, the government introduced the Social Protection Act of 2020 and a social security scheme aimed at reducing the 24% child poverty rate in Antigua and Barbuda.

Government Actions

In an effort to improve the quality of education, the government ensures universal access to primary and secondary education. It launched the One-Stop Education Center (OSEC) and the Financial Inclusion and Empowerment Center. These initiatives aim to reduce youth unemployment and lower the teenage pregnancy rate (27.7 per 1,000 among ages 15-19). The Social Protection Act of 2020 and the Antigua and Barbuda Labor Code promoted gender equality and improved employability for women and girls. To reduce unemployment rates (8.7% overall), the Financial Inclusion and Empowerment Centre provided opportunities for unemployed women and young women. The government also introduced new training programs to boost youth employment. In “Leaving No One Behind,” the government aims to monitor progress until 2030. This initiative seeks to promote social protection, end extreme poverty, reduce inequalities and address discriminatory behaviors in communities.

– Indira Smith

Indira is based in Manchester, UK and focuses on Global Health for The Borgen Project.

Photo: Pixabay

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Innovations in Poverty Eradication in Kuwait

Poverty Eradication in Kuwait
Despite Kuwait’s wealth and robust welfare system, poverty eradication in Kuwait remains a pressing issue, particularly among expatriates. While every Kuwaiti citizen get support from the government, with no reports of poverty in the country from the World Bank, expatriates—who remit approximately $4 billion annually—face stark inequalities. Many low-income foreign workers live in conditions that could be considered below the poverty line, despite labor laws meant to protect their rights. These workers often endure overcrowded housing, abuse, non-payment of salaries, and limited access to basic services. Although every expatriate is supposed to arrive with a guaranteed job, thousands live jobless in the country, contributing to a growing sense of neglect and exploitation.

Dilapidated areas, begging and the exploitation of household helpers have tarnished Kuwait’s image. Despite discussions around eliminating the sponsorship system, the issue persists, with companies exploiting loopholes and underpaying workers. Strikes, unpaid wages and the need for charitable donations for basic necessities reflect the failure to enforce labor protections, according to Times Kuwait. While there should be no poor people in Kuwait by law, the reality for many expatriates tells a different story. In response, poverty eradication in Kuwait has become a priority, with several innovative programs focused on expanding social protection, fostering public-private partnerships, empowering youth, managing water resources and addressing energy poverty. Each initiative reflects Kuwait’s commitment to poverty eradication despite its wealth.

Expanding Social Protection Programs

Kuwait has expanded its social protection programs under Public Assistance Law 12/2011, administered by the Ministry of Social Affairs (MOSA). These programs provide financial assistance, health care and education to vulnerable groups such as the elderly, widows, orphans and low-income families. Since its implementation, the law has supported thousands of families, ensuring basic living standards and contributing to poverty eradication in Kuwait. In line with SDG 1 (No Poverty), MOSA’s initiatives have supported 2,030 families locally and 316,701 poor families abroad, while employing 14,518 previously unemployed youths, according to a 2019 report. Collaboration with organizations like Bayt Al Zakat has also strengthened poverty eradication in Kuwait, particularly through housing subsidies and health care services for vulnerable groups.

Expanding Public-Private Partnerships

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are a key component of poverty eradication in Kuwait. The Kuwait Authority for Partnership Projects (KAPP) oversees initiatives like the Shagaya Renewable Energy Park, which generates clean energy and creates job opportunities, according to a 2019 report. By reducing energy costs, this project helps low-income families afford utilities, contributing to poverty eradication. These partnerships highlight the private sector’s role in supporting poverty eradication in Kuwait, leveraging private resources to benefit public welfare and improve living conditions for marginalized communities.

Clarified Youth Empowerment Initiatives

Youth empowerment is vital to poverty eradication in Kuwait. Initiatives like the 2018 SDG workshops, organized by the International Youth Federation (IYF), aim to foster leadership and innovation among young Kuwaitis. These workshops equip participants with the skills to address poverty at the community level. By creating social enterprises that offer affordable education and health services, young Kuwaitis contribute directly to poverty eradication efforts in their neighborhoods. Empowering the youth to actively participate in poverty eradication in Kuwait is essential for building a more equitable future.

Water Desalination Initiatives

Kuwait’s efforts in poverty eradication are closely tied to its water management strategies, particularly given the nation’s challenges with low groundwater levels, which renew at a rate of less than 70 mm per year. To address this, Kuwait has increasingly depended on cross-border groundwater and, more importantly, established seawater desalination facilities. Desalination now accounts for 93% of Kuwait’s drinking water, providing a vital resource for its growing population and urbanization. By ensuring access to clean water, desalination plays a key role in poverty eradication in Kuwait, supporting both domestic needs and irrigation for agricultural development. This strategy not only alleviates the strain on natural resources but also fosters economic stability, which is essential for long-term poverty eradication in Kuwait.

Decent Work and Economic Growth

Kuwait’s focus on decent work and economic growth is critical for poverty eradication in Kuwait, particularly as the country transitions away from its heavy reliance on the oil sector. Fluctuations in oil prices have historically impacted Kuwait’s GDP, as seen when the GDP per capita dropped from $10,113 in 2012 to $9,208.8 in 2016 due to a decline in oil prices. Furthermore, the employee per capita share of GDP decreased from $85,200 to $75,640 over the same period.

To mitigate such risks and reduce the vulnerability of its economy, Kuwait established the Kuwait Direct Investment Promotion Authority (KDIPA) in 2013 to attract both local and foreign investment. This move not only diversifies income sources but also fosters economic resilience, thereby contributing to poverty eradication in Kuwait. Moreover, The Public Authority of Manpower (PAM), established in 2017, supports small and medium entrepreneurs, streamlines access to government tenders and promotes equitable employment. PAM enforces laws requiring at least 4% of staff in private companies to be persons with disabilities and collaborates on vocational training for women in low-income households. These efforts diversify the economy, foster inclusivity and strengthen economic resilience, crucial for poverty eradication in Kuwait.

Conclusion

Kuwait’s comprehensive approach to poverty eradication includes expanded social protection programs, public-private partnerships, youth empowerment, and technological solutions. By focusing on community engagement and sustainability, the country is making significant strides in reducing poverty and improving the quality of life for its vulnerable populations. These efforts underscore Kuwait’s commitment to poverty eradication and addressing social inequalities despite its considerable wealth.

– Laila Alaya

Laila is based in Abuja, Nigeria and focuses on World News and Technology for The Borgen Project.

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