Archive for category: Global Poverty

Key articles and information on global poverty.

Empowering Women Farmers in Mali

Women Farmers in MaliIn the arid lands of Mali, where poverty has been a longstanding adversary, a glimmer of hope is emerging through the empowerment of women farmers. The significance of this endeavor cannot be overstated, as it addresses not only the immediate challenges faced by these women but also strikes at the very heart of fighting poverty in the region. By empowering women farmers in Mali, the nation is unlocking a potential that holds the key to economic transformation and a brighter future for its rural communities. 

Poverty’s Grip on Rural Communities

Mali, like many other African countries, grapples with deep-rooted poverty that disproportionately affects its rural population. In fact, 49% of Malians live below the extreme poverty line. In the face of climate change, volatile food prices and limited access to resources and education, women farmers often find themselves trapped in a cycle of hardship and marginalization. However, recent initiatives aimed at empowering women in the agricultural sector are showing promise in breaking these barriers and creating opportunities for sustainable development. 

Unity in Empowerment: Women’s Farming Cooperatives

One such initiative gaining momentum is the establishment of women-led farming cooperatives in Mali. These cooperatives provide a platform for women farmers to come together, share knowledge, pool resources and collectively market their produce. By working together, these women gain access to larger markets and better crop prices, improving their income and financial independence. Additionally, these cooperatives foster an environment of mutual support, enabling women to adopt innovative and sustainable farming practices that enhance crop yields and resilience in the face of environmental challenges.

Education as a Catalyst for Change

Furthermore, addressing the gender gap in access to education is another critical component of empowering women farmers in Mali. When women attain knowledge and skills, they become powerful agents of change within their communities. Non-governmental organizations and local authorities are partnering to establish training programs that focus on agricultural techniques, financial literacy and leadership skills. These programs not only enhance women’s capabilities but also contribute to the overall agricultural productivity of the nation.

Policy Shifts Towards Inclusivity

In recent years, the Malian government, in collaboration with international development agencies, has also taken significant steps to address the systemic challenges women farmers face. By providing better access to land tenure, credit facilities and agricultural extension services, the government aims to level the playing field and create an enabling environment for women to thrive in agriculture. Additionally, policies that promote gender equality and women’s rights are being integrated into national development plans, signaling a commitment to sustainable and inclusive growth.

Empowerment Transforms Lives

The impact of empowering women farmers in Mali is already evident. These women are lifting themselves out of poverty, and their families and communities are also experiencing positive transformations. Increased income levels enable better access to health care, education and improved living conditions. Moreover, the newfound recognition of women’s contributions is challenging traditional gender norms and fostering a more equitable society.

Looking Ahead

The empowerment of women farmers is igniting a transformative shift in Mali. As women-led cooperatives thrive, their collective strength is breaking the cycle of poverty while fostering resilience against challenges. Education and policy shifts are further nurturing this progress, creating a ripple effect that not only improves lives but also cultivates a more inclusive and equitable society for Mali’s rural communities.

– Valentin Lyazov
Photo: Wikipedia Commons

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Homelessness in Belize

Homelessness in BelizeIn Belize, the rate of poverty hovers around 42%. Many Belizeans do not have the financial resources or means to access adequate clothing, shelter and food. Not surprisingly, most of Belize’s homeless population falls vulnerable to informal housing and shelter lacking appropriate plumbing, sanitary conditions and infrastructure. To address homelessness in Belize, outside organizations offer resources and assistance to vulnerable families, individuals and communities. 

Cost of Living 

For a typical family of four living in Belize, monthly expenses far outweigh income. Average monthly costs total around $2,500, without rent, while the average net salary comes in around $950 per month. Furthermore, the cost of housing can be relatively high compared to average incomes, contributing to affordability issues for low-income individuals and families. With an unemployment rate of 9.7% as of 2022, many Belizeans are plunged into poverty, unable to afford a roof over their heads. 

Furthermore, essential goods and services are becoming increasingly unaffordable and inaccessible, especially for rural communities. Urban centers present more comprehensive ranges of housing options, whereas rural areas provide limited options and aid for vulnerable people. As a result, there are a large number of informal settlements and unauthorized settlement areas, that lack the proper legal recognition, infrastructure and basic amenities. 

Impact on Children

Notably, children are the most vulnerable to homelessness. UNICEF finds that half of the children in Belize under the age of 15 are classified as poor. Homelessness among children means that the most vulnerable in society lack basic needs, threatening the development and nourishment of young, fragile livelihoods. In conjunction, UNICEF and ECLAC (United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean) find that “6 out of 10 children in Belize lack at least one of these basic needs: adequate nutrition, clean drinking water, proper sanitation, adequate housing and access to education and information.”

A home is fundamental to properly care for and support a child. To alleviate the risks and adverse effects of homelessness on children, comprehensive support for the continuation and stability of a child’s education promotes positive outcomes. Addressing the unique needs of homeless families and children involves access to stable housing, nutritious food, health care, and targeted programs for mental health support.

Initiatives to Reduce Homelessness

Countering homelessness in Belize requires a combination of efforts, including affordable housing initiatives, rent subsidies, homelessness prevention programs and comprehensive poverty alleviation efforts. Here is a list of varying organizations and comprehensive plans fighting for people experiencing homelessness.

  • The Welcome Resource Centre – Since opening its doors in 2013, the Welcome Resource Centre continues to offer daily hot meals, hygiene facilities and a safe place for the homeless and mentally ill. With over 400 registered homeless, the center hosts over 50 persons per day. Furthermore, they provide educational guidance in pursuit of employment the homeless and opportunities to develop skills. In engagement with those suffering from mental illness, WRC hosts daily programs encouraging physical and mental involvement in purposeful, therapeutic activities. In addition, the organization sponsors counseling for individuals, groups and families. 
  • Hand in Hand – Hand in Hand is an organization rooted in Belize City, building homes for Belizean families. Working with the NGO Building for Change, volunteers work alongside impoverished families, creating not only a home but also cementing personal connections with the families. Since 2002, over 450 homes have been built, providing vulnerable families with the safety and shelter of a house.   
  • Remar Belize – In pursuit of their mission to “fight for disadvantaged people in Belize to relieve all suffering from poverty, social exclusion, sickness and particularly among people affected by substance addictions,” Remar Belize offers several programs and assistance to aid those struggling with homelessness. These initiatives include temporary/permanent shelter, personal hygiene, food, clothing, occupational skills training and pedagogical activities. Their work continues to evolve and serve the most vulnerable, most importantly acting as a hub for those who have no other option.
  • Hope Haven Belize – Hope Haven Belize, working in the San Pedro area, serves over 150 women and children. Their efforts primarily focus on supporting children, providing shelter and care for “children who have been abandoned, neglected or sexually and physically abused by their parents or guardians.” Hope Haven also supports Colleen’s Kitchen Food Bank, provides counseling services and hosts empowerment programs for youth and young women. 

Going Forward

The World Health Organization recognizes that “housing is a fundamental social determinant of Health and is recognized by the United Nations as a fundamental human right, and not a luxury, as many Belizeans still believe.” Through the work of several organizations, the homeless can access shelter and resources that invest and promote opportunities to re-introduce individuals into society and out of poverty. Reducing homelessness in Belize takes a multi-dimensional approach that requires collaboration between communities and organizations to establish positive solutions that empower all Belizeans.

– Emmalyn Meyer
Photo: Flickr

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Toy Drives and Libraries Enhance Child Development in Ghana

Child Development in Ghana
In the coastal West African nation of Ghana, poverty poses significant challenges for many children. This issue extends beyond monetary constraints; it frequently revolves around inadequate access to education, both within and beyond the classroom. However, recent initiatives have made strides in enhancing child development in Ghana, specifically by facilitating children’s access to essential learning materials.

Child Poverty in Ghana: Background

To comprehend the challenges facing child development in Ghana, it’s essential to delve into the multifaceted aspects of child poverty in the country. The National Development Planning Commission (NDPC) of Ghana’s 2019 report outlines nine dimensions that signify child poverty in the nation, and they include nutrition, health, child development, education, child protection, water, sanitation, housing, and information.

According to this study, a significant 73.4% of children in Ghana, aged 0 to 17, experience multidimensional poverty, characterized by deprivation in at least three dimensions.

The Struggle for Learning and Development

Poor quality of education is another roadblock to child development in Ghana. A 2022 report by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) shows that nearly 80% of Ghanaians do not achieve basic literacy and numeracy skills by the end of their primary school education.

There are also many instances of slow starts to child development in Ghana. The 2019 study by Ghana’s NDPC indicates that more than half of Ghanaian children aged 0-4 years (52.6%) lack access to books and toys, early childhood education and interactions with adults within the household.

Ghana Zetas Christmas Toy Drive

Charitable efforts have been undertaken to support child development in Ghana. In 2019, the Graduate Chapter of the Zeta Phi Beta Sorority initiated a Christmas toy drive in Oyarifa, Ghana, benefiting more than 50 children. The sorority members, along with contributions from the Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity and donors from the U.S., provided books, toys, clothing and monetary donations. This initiative was detailed in an article on the sorority’s website.

Toy Library Ghana

A more recent example illustrates how children in Ghana are gaining continuous access to learning materials. Toy Library Ghana, located in the capital city of Accra, functions as a literal toy library. With a collection of more than 200 books and 300 educational toys, this facility aims to provide children with hands-on learning resources.

Parents can borrow learning materials for their children through Toy Library Ghana. For a nominal fee of 25Ghc ($2.21) per month, the staff assists children in selecting a toy or book to rent each week. Furthermore, the library offers additional programs, including mobile clinics, supervised play dates and storytelling sessions, to enhance the learning experience.

Educational Toy Drive

In 2022, another toy drive for Ghanaian children occurred during the holiday season. A 2022 news article by the Carrollton Leader, a local publication in Dallas, Texas, highlights the work of a Ghanaian philanthropist living in Texas.

Philanthropist Hannarich Asiedu collected educational toys such as board games and puzzles as well as children’s clothing to donate to underprivileged children in her native Ghana. According to the Carrollton Leader, this drive was business as usual for Asiedu, who coordinates educational toy drives throughout the year. 

Enhancing Child Development in Ghana

In a country where more than half of children aged 4 and younger lack the resources for intellectual development, these programs provide hope that quality child development in Ghana can become the rule, not the exception.

– Noel Teter
Photo: Flickr

5 Ways LALA is Growing the Future

Vitoria Reyes has been involved with the Latin American Leadership Academy (LALA) since her high school days in Brazil. Now pursuing her undergraduate studies in the United States (U.S.), she annually facilitates LALA’s camps and mentors the next generation of Latin American leaders. She describes LALA’s mission as “trigger(ing) change and development in Latin America through fostering young change-makers and leaders.” 

Founded in 2017, LALA has successfully established a network of nearly 2,000 young leaders spanning South America and the Caribbean. With a vision extending to 2024, the organization aims to annually enroll 1,500 high-school-aged students. LALA is actively shaping the future by tackling the challenges affecting underserved youth across the region. To overcome these obstacles, the organization has meticulously tailored its programs, addressing each barrier comprehensively. Through these efforts, LALA is fostering a generation of empowered leaders.

Barrier 1: Lack of Financial Resources

As of 2022, the U.N. estimated that 45% of Latin American children and adolescents lived in poverty. This places youth at a higher risk of poverty compared to the broader population, of which 32.3% are poor. In addition, the pandemic led to decreased education rates and youth employment, and these factors have not yet fully recovered. Consequently, financial resources have become an even more significant barrier to the success of Latin American youths.

While 90% of LALA’s students receive financial aid from the organization to support their membership, the assistance doesn’t end there. According to Reyes, “They (LALA) hire a lot of people who are not college graduates, or maybe not even in college yet, which is very, very unusual, especially here in Brazil.” In fact, she works as a camp facilitator. Reyes explains, “It’s like a job, so I get paid to do it. We have training; I have to report to someone. But it’s also fun, ’cause it’s just like being with people that you really like and doing work that is really meaningful to you.”

Reyes further describes how LALA is growing the future by boosting the prospects of underserved students in Latin America: “I have friends that are facilitators and I know that the payment they receive really, really helps them to pay rent, or to have some money to help their families.” 

Barrier 2: Lack of Community Support

Many underserved students in Latin America don’t have access to a network of informed, successful adults who can provide guidance and share opportunities. That’s why LALA places a strong emphasis on networking and mentorship within the organization. LALA’s 2021 impact report highlights, “Our mentors and donors do not see young, underprivileged LALA students as charity cases, but as awe-inspiring future leaders they can relate to.” 

For Reyes, the power of LALA’s student community surpasses formal networking programs. She states, “Everyone in Lala is really, really devoted to being there, to being part of the community, to helping each other.” She describes how LALeaders (the Academy’s alumni) support one another, from offering internships to providing a couch to sleep on in a foreign country. 

Barrier 3: Lack of Career Opportunities

The World Bank estimates that 40 million young people who were jobless in 2021 would have been employed without the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the most affected countries in the world, Brazil experienced a 6% decline in youth employment in this period. This intensified the need for youth professional development in Latin America. 

In 2021, Reyes participated in LALA’s Career Internship Program. For 10 weeks, she and her peers honed skills like resume writing and networking before connecting with organizations that aligned with their interests for internships. The program successfully matched 56 students with 25 organizations in six countries, several of which were founded by LALA alumni. 

Barrier 4: Lack of University Opportunities

Recognizing the importance of education, LALA is growing the future by providing application support for member students seeking undergraduate education. LALA’s assistance has resulted in member students receiving more than $20 million in high school and university scholarships. Many LALeaders, including Reyes, pursue studies abroad. In 2021, over a quarter of LALeaders enrolled in undergraduate programs studied outside their home countries. 

Barrier 5: Mental Health/Intrapersonal Development

More than 25% of the total disease burden in Latin America and the Caribbean is mental or neurological, and 5% of Latin America’s population suffers from depression. Despite this, more than half of depressed people do not seek treatment and less than 2% of the region’s health care budget is allocated to mental health. 

LALA is growing the future of mental health and intrapersonal development by offering compassion cultivation training and encouraging students to explore their personal growth. Reyes describes some of the activities conducted during the camps she has facilitated, such as discussions on vulnerability inspired by Brene Brown’s work, strategies for building meaningful connections and active listening. 

More significantly, LALA provides students with a safe space to be themselves: “LALA is always this place where people say, ‘I feel home when I’m here’.” She shares that LALA was the first community where she found acceptance and support from like-minded individuals. 

As a reminder of how LALA is shaping the future, Reyes shares a quotation from Thich Nhat Hahn that resonates with her and appears at the top of many Latin American Leadership Academy learning materials: “It is possible the next Buddha will not take the form of an individual. The next Buddha may take the form of a community, a community practicing understanding and loving kindness, a community practicing mindful living.”

–Faye Crawford

Photo: Flickr

5 Facts About Mental Health in Barbados 

Mental Health in BarbadosBarbados is a vibrant Caribbean paradise, extending a warm welcome to travelers from all corners of the globe with its glistening shores, clear waters and gracious hospitality. Nevertheless, amid its beauty, it is essential to recognize that it is home to 281,000 Barbadians, of which 22,000 seek assistance through visits to various types of mental health outpatient facilities. Despite boasting one of the world’s lowest suicide rates, it remains crucial to delve into the intricacies of mental health in Barbados through its mental health services and support system.

5 Facts About Mental Health in Barbados 

  1. Stigma and Culture: Just like many other countries, Barbados demonstrates a persistent stigma when it comes to mental health. This stigma is often intertwined with the country’s culture, where one’s upbringing, environment and values can influence perceptions of mental illness. Consequently, the issue arises as many mental health problems go undiagnosed and untreated, resulting in a substantial number of people suffering later in life. This poses a significant challenge to the nation’s overall well-being and highlights the importance of raising awareness, improving access to mental health services and promoting a more open and supportive attitude towards mental health issues. 
  2. Lack of Barbados-Focused Research: The World Health Organization (WHO) has been eager to conduct a study to understand the rates and patterns of mental health illness in Barbados since the early 2000s but with little success. While there has been a considerable amount of research regarding mental health in the Caribbean as a whole, there are fewer relevant studies specifically focusing on Barbados. The lack of magnified focus poses a significant gap in understanding the potential unique challenges that Barbados could be facing due to its culture, population, or specific socio-economic circumstances. Collaborative efforts between the WHO, local health institutions and national mental health organizations in the Caribbean could pave the way for advancements in mental health care and support for Barbadians.
  3. Higher Education in Psychology: Fortunately, Barbados stands out as a destination that offers a comprehensive and enriching higher education experience for individuals interested in pursuing studies in psychology. The country’s commitment to education is evident in the availability of numerous scholarship opportunities specifically tailored for students interested in psychology, ensuring that financial constraints do not hinder their academic pursuits. Aspiring psychologists can explore a range of options, from attending prestigious local institutions to pursuing online degrees from reputable universities worldwide, thus opening doors to a diverse and flexible learning experience. However, one critique for improvement would be a weakness in laboratory facilities and internship sites. 
  4. Healthy Caribbean Youth: The Healthy Caribbean Youth (HCY) serves as the youth extension of the Healthy Caribbean Coalition, actively striving to raise awareness and garner support for children and young people’s mental health. This noble initiative was born in response to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had a profound impact on the mental well-being of the youth. Firstly, they emphasize the need to destigmatize and prioritize mental health, encouraging open conversations and understanding around the subject. Secondly, they advocate for enhanced access to mental health care and support, ensuring that young individuals have the resources and guidance they require in times of distress. Lastly, they actively engage and empower the youth to become advocates for mental health change and encourage them to seek help when needed, fostering a sense of agency and self-advocacy.
  5. World Mental Health Day 2020: Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean Countries focused on the social aspect of mental health, which helped support the overall social well-being of individuals. They raised awareness by utilizing various methods, such as encouraging people in the community to wear green as an international symbol for mental health awareness. Additionally, they engaged mental health officers in virtual educational sessions with the youth and community media programs.

Conclusion

While Barbados presents itself as a captivating Caribbean destination, it is crucial to recognize the mental health challenges faced by its population. With a significant number seeking assistance through mental health outpatient facilities, there is a need to address the persistent stigma and cultural influences that hinder proper diagnosis and treatment. Collaborative research efforts, improvements in mental health education and empowering initiatives like the Healthy Caribbean Youth are essential steps towards fostering a more supportive and mentally healthier society in Barbados. 

– Sandy Kang
Photo: Flickr

Mental Health in Argentina: The Rising Tide

Mental Health in ArgentinaIn the past decade, awareness and agendas surrounding mental health across the globe have gained significant traction. Specifically, many have celebrated Argentina’s efforts to regulate and normalize therapy and other mental health services. With Argentina being the second largest country in South America and having a population of about 46 million citizens, it may seem incredibly daunting to tackle such a challenging issue. Despite this, Argentina has defied expectations. In fact, the nation has implemented various policies to increase awareness of mental health in Argentina and create more accessible services for those who need them. 

On the Rise   

In November 2010, Argentina’s National Congress passed a new MHL, better known as a Mental Health Law. This law “aims to develop approaches in mental health that are compatible with the most advanced views.” It encompasses several articles, but primarily focuses on inclusion, advocating the rights of mental health professionals while ensuring the correct prescription of medication. Although this is not the first law Argentina has adopted, this law has led to remarkable progress and has been proven effective. 

Furthermore, Argentina holds the title for having the most psychologists per capita in the world. Psychologists in this country focus on adequate training and strive to provide affordable therapy. People consider it healthy to attend therapy and see a psychologist in Argentina. In fact, “it’s standard for people from all age groups and demographics to attend therapy.” In addition to the increasing number of people attending therapy in Argentina, mental health services in Argentina have also begun to advance, as online therapy has started to emerge. MantraCare, which serves more than 10,000 individuals, is an online therapy service available in Argentina. Patients confidentially begin therapy for a reasonable price at their desired time, all from the comfort of their homes. This online platform is one of many that Argentinians can choose from. 

Promoting Services in Every Region

While Argentina’s recognition of mental health issues is good, there is still room for progress. Citizens in Buenos Aires, the nation’s capital, have effortless access to psychiatrists. With a standing population of around 15 million, many inhabitants have secure and guaranteed access to mental health services. Since most mental health care providers live in the capital city, those in rural areas do not enjoy a similar access experience. Many individuals who live in these rural areas struggle, as 39% of residents are in poverty. While Argentina does employ social programs to address poverty, these efforts often fall short in meeting the needs of those in poverty. Consequently, citizens facing poverty are frequently marginalized, particularly in terms of mental health services. This further exacerbates their challenges in accessing the necessary support.

Recognizing the tendency to overlook these citizens, the World Health Organization (WHO) has taken significant steps to ensure their inclusion in new mental health policies. The WHO Mental Health Gap Action Organization Programme, known as mhGAP, specifically focuses on scaling up services for mental, neurological and substance use disorders, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In Argentina, a crucial priority for the WHO is extending this program to all provinces, not just Buenos Aires. To achieve this, 60 experts from various regions of the country underwent training to conduct mental health evaluations and set priorities as part of this program.

Looking Ahead

The growing acceptance and promotion of mental health services in Argentina could pave the way for increased access to such services in the coming years. Policymakers are actively introducing new laws centered on mental health, fostering a promising outlook for the future.

Although challenges persist, the advancements in Argentina’s approach to mental health are notable. Other countries seeking to reform their mental health policies can find inspiration in Argentina’s progress and use it as a blueprint for their own endeavors.

– Ryan Balberman
Photo: Flickr

Understanding growing Drug Rehabilitation in Malta

Drug Rehabilitation in MaltaIn June 2023, 13 individuals from Caritas Malta – a drug rehabilitation program in Malta – graduated in front of crowds celebrating their success. Those in attendance included President George Vella and Bishop Joseph Galea Curmi, Auxiliary Bishop of Malta.

Alongside Caritas Malta, five individuals graduated from a 14-month residential program that Malta’s Sedqa agency operated. President Vella also celebrated as five more took further steps toward a pure life. 

Malta’s Drug Situation

Malta’s drug situation has grown more concerning in recent years. As recently as 2021, 765 people sought drug rehabilitation in Malta through Caritas alone to overcome drug addictions, where more than half enrolled to overcome cocaine, which leads as one of the three most common drugs in Malta, followed by cannabis and heroin. 

Caritas Malta’s purpose is to “alleviate poverty and promote human development and social justice.” The organization offers diverse services such as social work, counseling, community development and youth programs, including the New Hope Project.

Under the New Hope Project, which addresses substance abuse and drug rehabilitation in Malta, a transformative approach leads the cause. This involves shifting perspectives, identifying the primary needs of those struggling with substance abuse, fostering nurturing environments and maintaining a strong focus on the present and future requirements of project participants.

In the previous year, Caritas Malta provided assistance to 575 individuals who were grappling with poverty, homelessness, mental health challenges, domestic issues and other personal adversities.

According to the National Report on the Drug Situation and Responses in Malta 2021, 75% of unemployed people throughout Malta were in drug treatment programs. Additionally, Maltese users over the last five years accounted for 93.3% of people accessing local remedies and drug rehabilitation in Malta.

National Intervention

Malta has taken a multifaceted approach to address its drug-related challenges, implementing 10 measures to curtail the drug supply to its population of 518,000.

These methods encompass various strategies. And these strategies include ramping up random drug testing for drivers, equipping postal services to scrutinize and monitor packages, establishing a national law enforcement agency focused on prescription and non-prescription misuse and launching a cybercrime unit to oversee online transactions linked to the darknet.

Collaborating with Caritas Malta, the Anti-Poverty Forum Malta commits its efforts to tackling issues of poverty and social exclusion across both Malta and Gozo, the nation’s other island.

In conjunction with the European Anti-Poverty Network, which shares a similar mission with Caritas Malta, the Anti-Poverty Forum Malta extends aid to drug addicts in need.

Those undergoing drug rehabilitation in Malta receive support through the Anti-Poverty Forum. This assistance comprises a comprehensive therapeutic package, including a consistent weekly stipend, contingent on documented evidence of substance abuse. These steps play a pivotal role in minimizing the intersection of poverty and drug rehabilitation in Malta.

Looking Ahead

Although progress is evident in Malta’s drug rehabilitation efforts, sustained commitment remains essential. As outlined in a U.N. Global Report from 2021, featured in the National Drug Policy 2023-2033 by the Government of Malta, approximately 275 million individuals use medication, while around 36 million grapple with substance abuse and nearly 1,000 fatalities are due to addiction.

Through sustained support and acknowledgment, individuals grappling with drug abuse can receive assistance and transition toward a drug-free life, thereby reducing poverty and substance misuse. Organizations like Caritas Malta and Anti-Poverty Forums play a crucial role in this endeavor, facilitating positive outcomes for a more positive future outlook.

– Chandler Doerr
Photo: Unsplash

Poverty and Disability in Iran: A Significant and Overlooked Minority

Disability in IranAccording to a survey published in the Iranian Journal of Public Health, the prevalence of disabilities stands at 13.5 per 1,000 individuals in the population. This means that approximately 1.35% of the population in Iran is living with at least one type of disability. People with disabilities represent a significant and often overlooked minority within the population. More concerning, the occurrence of disabilities is higher in rural areas than in urban areas and exhibited a higher prevalence among men compared to women. Poorer provinces in Iran exhibited a higher prevalence of disabilities such as blindness, deafness, vocal disorders and hand disorders compared to wealthier provinces, and individuals with disabilities experienced lower socio-economic status in comparison to those without disabilities.

Neglecting the Disabled: A Deep-Seated Issue Beyond Sanctions

While Iranian officials often point to international sanctions as the cause of their nation’s hardships, it is evident that the neglect of disabled individuals predates these measures. Blaming external factors only highlights their lack of attention to the issue.  

Even if sanctions were lifted, there’s little assurance that meaningful change would occur. The lack of action thus far casts doubt on the government’s commitment to rectify the situation for people with disabilities. 

Blind Heroine Defies Odds: Empowering Iran’s Fight Against COVID-19

Samaneh Shabani, a remarkable 30-year-old, experienced firsthand the challenges COVID-19 posed to a blind individual, which disrupted her primary sensory connections to the world. Undeterred by her disability or societal prejudices, Samaneh has remained resolute in pursuing her goals. With a master’s degree from the prestigious University of Tehran and a recently defended Ph.D. dissertation on “Violence Against Women with Disabilities and their Access to Justice,” she is now a dedicated law lecturer and a passionate advocate for people with disabilities during this crisis. Through her internship at UNIC Tehran and her work with the Tavana NGO, she actively communicates accurate information and strives to change public perceptions, addressing the real concerns of those with disabilities. 

Samaneh’s unwavering commitment to an inclusive society is evident as she bridges the gap between the NGO and the UNIC, emphasizing the importance of verified information and direct community engagement. While acknowledging the limitations her blindness imposes on certain activities, she remains pragmatic, calling for actionable changes by governments, the private sector, civil society and individuals to create a more accessible world. This pandemic has taught her the significance of unity and kindness in ensuring that no one is left behind. 

MOHAM: Empowering Lives through Accessible Solutions

MOHAM, a non-governmental organization, was established a little less than half a decade ago to address inaccessibility in Iran. According to one member, “MOHAM” means “supporter” in Persian and “lawyer” in Arabic, and they rely on self-support for their operations. While MOHAM hasn’t achieved the comprehensive infrastructure overhaul it aimed for, the NGO provides a variety of small but impactful services that significantly improve individuals’ lives. Some of these services include free home improvements, such as widening door frames to allow wheelchair passage without difficulty. 

A volunteer explains that enlarging a door might not appear significant, but it can be unaffordable for families with financial constraints and caring for a sick family member. MOHAM steps in to support these families by performing these small acts of kindness for them. Additionally, MOHAM collaborates with other charities helping to eliminate poverty and disability in Iran. The organization conducts workshops in various cities, educating people about diverse types of disabilities and appropriate ways to interact with and offer support to disabled individuals. According to an attendee, this type of training is not provided by the government, and it falls upon private and non-governmental organizations like MOHAM to take the initiative. 

Looking Ahead

Amid the challenges that Iran’s disabled population faces, individuals like Samaneh Shabani are proving the power of resilience and advocacy. Samaneh’s determination, displayed through her academic achievements and active engagement, highlights the potential to drive positive change for people with disabilities. Organizations like MOHAM are also making meaningful strides by addressing inaccessibility issues through small but impactful services that directly improve lives. These stories illustrate that, despite existing disparities, there are individuals and groups working toward creating a more inclusive and supportive society for those with disabilities in Iran.

– Negar Borhani
Photo: Unsplash

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Eliminating Child Poverty in Namibia

Child Poverty in Namibia
The Republic of Namibia, situated in southern Africa, was established in 1990. It shares borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana and South Africa to the south and the South Atlantic Ocean to the west. Namibia, a middle-income parliamentary democracy, is famous for its political stability and rich cultural diversity. Its economy revolves around industries such as mining, agriculture, tourism and fishing, with significant industrial hubs around the capital, Windhoek.

Namibia exhibits substantial ethnic diversity, encompassing more than 10 regional languages and cultures. After decades of being ruled by apartheid-era South Africa as South West Africa, the nation grapples with socioeconomic underdevelopment and widespread poverty, particularly among its rural population. Here is an overview of child poverty in Namibia.

Improved Conditions Coexist with Extreme Poverty

Though Namibia has made rapid progress in curbing poverty, falling from 37.7% in 2003 to 17.4% by 2015, disadvantaged demographics, such as children, often experience higher rates of poverty than the general population. 

Child poverty in Namibia generally remains at more than 30%, with substantial concentration among agricultural and rural families. Overall deprivation or multi-dimensional poverty, which includes the inability to afford certain goods and services, such as transportation, refrigerators and stoves, are the results of long-standing poverty and remain widespread in some of these rural regions, which accentuates the impact of limited income. 

Poverty varies among children and within their families widely, with children from families with only one income and families with more than four children especially prone to extreme poverty. 

Concentrated primarily in families facing structural challenges, this heightened level of poverty often involves limited access to necessities like water, crucial for farming. Approximately 80.7% of impoverished children lack improved water access, while more than 65.3% lack various utility services. Although extreme poverty is relatively low by African standards, it remains significant among these younger children, with 24% experiencing malnutrition under five years of age and 13% being underweight.

Improvements Point to Future Progress

Despite these adversities, Namibia has continued to outpace other African nations in reducing poverty, especially for those in positions of extreme deprivation despite ongoing challenges in addressing less severe poverty. Following independence, Namibia introduced a series of social grants oriented toward reducing the effects of extreme poverty, including those targeted explicitly at child poverty. Though such grants benefit households without children in impoverished conditions, government assistance is more prevalent among households facing child poverty. 

Grants offered to families based on social conditions include those for foster care and child maintenance, disability grants and pensions for those more than 60 years of age. Many such government aid schemes, such as pensions, though not directly oriented toward impoverished children, have collectively reduced child poverty measurably. According to an analysis conducted by the Namibian Statistics Agency in 2010, child poverty would increase from 38.9% to 61.1% without social grants. 

Specialized International Charities Facilitate Advancement 

International charity and development organizations have also contributed to efforts to improve opportunity and welfare among children in Namibia. One such organization, Project HOPE Namibia, also known as the People Health Foundation invests in improving health care access, quality and patient care in select nations. In Namibia, the charity focuses on providing medical care to vulnerable populations, including children. This care includes vaccination, financial literacy training and material required for continued education. These programs have, with assistance from the United Nations (U.N.) and aid programs operated by the United States (U.S.), vaccinated 24,000 orphans and vulnerable children against the coronavirus. 

The continued interest of the Namibian Government, in particular in expanding the child grant system and in resolving the very high level of income inequality, a product of the legacy of stifled opportunity for most of the population during the apartheid era, is a positive indication for continued efforts in countering child poverty. A stable political infrastructure bolsters cooperation with various U.N. organizations such World Food Programme (WFP), UNICEF and UNESCO. However, continued investments are forecast as required to maintain progress, with economic growth and the country’s high literacy and school attendance growing income likely insufficient to lower poverty among children, and other vulnerable demographics, to the low levels sought. 

In sum, though child poverty remains a concern for the international community which merits continued investment and analysis, Namibia offers potential in its capacity to meet goals in eradicating such deprivation among children and other vulnerable demographics. 

– Cormac Sullivan
Photo: Wikipedia Commons

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The Impact of Typhoon Doksuri in the Philippines

Typhoon Doksuri in the PhilippinesOn July 26, 2023, Typhoon Doksuri struck the Philippines, affecting 502,782 Filipinos. The impact was significant, leading to unfortunate consequences. According to the national disaster agency, 13 individuals lost their lives due to flooding and landslides. Tragedy further unfolded as a ferry boat capsized due to Doksuri’s powerful winds, resulting in an additional 26 fatalities. Notably, Doksuri possessed the intensity of a Category 4 hurricane. This calamity forced more than 42,000 Filipinos to evacuate their homes, adding to the ongoing homelessness crisis in the country.

Homelessness in the Philippines 

Roughly 4.5 million people, out of the country’s total population of 106 million, were reported homeless in January 2023. This dire situation primarily stems from job losses, inadequate income and job instability. The homelessness crisis was further compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Michelle Sicat, a 28-year-old single mother, relocated to Manila in pursuit of employment and secured a job as a shop assistant. Leaving her daughter and parents behind, she aimed to build a career. However, the COVID-19 pandemic hit abruptly, leading to a strict lockdown across Luzon, the island where Manila is situated. The ensuing business closures left Sicat unemployed.

Desperate to return to her family, Sicat rushed to the bus station but faced immense competition for limited seats due to the overwhelming demand. She sought refuge at Manila Baywalk, and her life suddenly upended.

The issue of homelessness persists in the Philippines, with Typhoon Doksuri worsening the crisis, displacing more than 42,831 individuals (and the numbers continue to rise), all in search of shelter.

This challenge perpetuates the cycle of poverty throughout the nation. According to World Bank data, 6.1% of Filipinos live on less than ₱104 per day ($1.89), while 26% survive on less than ₱175.37 per day ($3.19) and a substantial 55.1% live on less than ₱301.42 per day ($5.49).

In the wake of this natural disaster, numerous organizations worldwide are mobilizing to provide financial assistance to the Philippines.

Aid From the European Union (EU)

The EU offered an initial €500,000 (approximately ₱30.3 million) for humanitarian relief efforts including emergency shelter, shelter repair, clean water and sanitation to those most in need. 

Luzon, the regions of Cagayan Valley, the Ilocos region and the Cordillera Administrative region were among the most affected and are the target of the EU’s support. 

“The EU expresses its swift and unwavering support to the Filipino people during the aftermath of typhoon Doksuri, which resulted in extensive devastation and tragic loss of life in the Philippines,” said EU Commissioner for Crisis Management Janez Lenarčič. “Without delay, we have initiated emergency relief efforts in close collaboration with our humanitarian partners to aid those affected during this challenging period.” 

Americares’ Support

Americares is an organization that works to aid impoverished communities or those affected by natural disasters in health necessities. The organization is present in the Philippines, working to support the country as it deals with the results of typhoon Doksuri. 

An Americares mobile medical team left the major city of Manila to offer primary health care to communities in the Isabela province. Flooding was severe in this area and left many roads impassable. 

Paul Pagaran, Americares Philippines Country Director, said “Communities will be cut off from care and will need help providing essential health services, including treatment for waterborne diseases,” shortly after the storm touched land on July 26, 2023. Also, the Americares team distributed hygiene kits to many who suffered displacement due to the storm. 

Looking Ahead

In the aftermath of Typhoon Doksuri, despite the challenges it brought to the Philippines, the international community is rallying to provide support. The EU’s rapid response, offering financial aid for emergency relief efforts, demonstrates solidarity with the affected Filipinos. Organizations like Americares are also playing a crucial role, sending medical teams and hygiene kits to areas in need. While the typhoon exacerbated the ongoing homelessness crisis and poverty cycle, these collective efforts are providing a glimmer of hope for those struggling to rebuild their lives and find a path toward recovery.

– Taylor Barbadora
Photo: Flickr