According to Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF), 2017 saw an unprecedented global rise in demand for renewable energy. Renewable energy production in developing countries has now surpassed the capacity generated by fossil sources. Focusing on Goal 7 (affordable and clean energy), Leonardo Souza from the Statistics Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) highlighted key points from the special edition of the Secretary-General’s report on progress toward the SDGs. He reported that nearly 2 billion people will still rely on polluting fuels and technologies for cooking by 2030. He also noted that renewable sources comprised 19% of global final energy consumption in 2020, with two-thirds coming from modern renewable energy sources.

Global Efforts for Sustainable Energy

Moving toward sustainable modern energy will require renewable sources to constitute 60% of power generation by 2030, supporting resilient industry and infrastructure in developing countries. The World Bank, which currently has a $10 billion portfolio in energy projects, supported Nigeria’s electrification program that has transformed the country. Accelerating global electrification will necessitate a fundamental shift in the conception of energy access.

5 Ways Renewable Energy Transforms Developing Countries

1. Economic Growth. Renewable energy positively impacts economic growth in developing countries by enhancing sustainable development and energy security. The clean development mechanism, as part of the Kyoto Protocol under the UNFCCC, promotes the deployment of renewable energy technologies, which helps mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Developed nations fund these renewable energy programs, facilitating the adoption of green technology in developing regions. This transition not only reduces dependency on fossil fuels but also creates job opportunities and stimulates local economies. Despite challenges such as higher manufacturing costs and lack of financial resources, increasing the reliance on renewable energy sources is crucial for developing countries’ growth and economic stability.

2. Create Employment Opportunities. Renewable energy positively impacts job creation in developing countries by fostering labor-intensive industries and providing numerous employment opportunities. Unlike traditional fossil fuels, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power require more labor per megawatt of energy produced. This increased labor intensity translates to more jobs in producing and maintaining renewable energy infrastructure. Energy efficiency improvements, which often rely on unskilled labor in the construction sector, can further boost employment. These opportunities are particularly attractive for developing countries, where job creation is crucial for economic growth.

3. Improve Health Outcomes. Studies reveal that increased renewable energy consumption enhances the quality of life in low-income African countries. This improvement can be attributed to the environmentally friendly nature of renewable energy. Alternative energy sources can reduce pollution and mitigate climate change, leading to better health conditions. By incorporating a substantial amount of renewable energy into their energy mix, these countries can achieve sustainable development goals related to good health and well-being. This, in turn, encourages economic growth, as healthier populations are more productive and can contribute more effectively to the economy. Thus, renewable energy not only supports environmental sustainability but also drives economic development by enhancing public health.

4. Reduce Environmental Impact. By exploiting clean energy sources like solar, wind and geothermal, countries are decreasing their reliance on fossil fuels. Furthermore, this also leads to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. This not only improves air quality by reducing pollution and associated health issues but also contributes to global climate change mitigation. Additionally, the implementation of renewable energy helps preserve natural resources and promotes a more sustainable use of the environment, which is crucial for long-term sustainable development.

5. Enhance Energy Security. By adopting renewable energy sources such as hydroelectric power, developing countries have reduced their dependence on imported fossil fuels, which are often subject to price volatility and supply disruptions. This shift not only ensures a more consistent energy supply but also supports economic stability and growth. Additionally, renewable energy projects create local jobs, stimulating economic development and providing employment opportunities. The environmental benefits, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions, further contribute to the sustainability of these nations. Renewable energy systems are more resilient to natural disasters. Indeed, they can be deployed in remote areas, ensuring reliable energy access to underserved communities.

Looking Ahead

Renewable energy holds significant transformative potential for developing countries. By adopting solar, wind and hydroelectric power, these nations can drive economic growth. Furthermore, initiatives will create jobs, improve health outcomes, reduce environmental impact and enhance energy security. As these countries seek sustainable solutions for their energy needs, renewable energy emerges as a promising and transformative approach that can potentially lead to a brighter and more sustainable future.

– Maria Urioste

Maria is based in Maspeth, NY, USA and focuses on Good News for The Borgen Project.

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